Term
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Definition
creative structuring of ideas, knowledge, and experience that are represented symbolically, with the purpose of illuminating a phenomenon
- for nursing to be acknowledged as a discipline
- provide more complete picture for practice than factual knowledge alone and also help to not only organize existing knowledge, but also aid in making new innovations to nursing practice.
- gives order and organization to existing facts, concepts and laws
helps to limit questions, methods for inquiry, provides basis for hypothesis |
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Term
| hierarchy of nursing theory |
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Definition
Metatheory
grand theory - (orem)
mid-range theory
practice theory |
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Term
| **Metatheories in nursing |
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Definition
| Nursing, person/patient, society & environment, and health |
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Term
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Definition
- goes from specific statements to general
- take characteristics of phenomena to generate questions
- preop anxiety example |
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Term
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Definition
- goes from general statement to specific observations
- ex. Social support is viewed as a buffer effect of stress on the health of an individual.
Q: a woman who has social support after a mastectomy will have fewer adjustment problems than the woman who did not. |
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Term
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Definition
- term or word used to describe and name a phenomenon, group of phenomena, and idea, or an object
- basic building blocks of a theory |
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Term
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Definition
- theoretical meaning
- derived from a theorist's definition of the concept or is developed through concept analysis |
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Term
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Definition
tell us:
- the direction of a relationship – positive, negative, unknown
o as concept changes either moves in same direction or opposite (negative – inverse relationship)
- the strength of a relationship – effects size; amount of variation explained by the relationship (+1 or -1 = greatest strength; 0)
- sequencing – concurrent – change at the same time, sequential – when one concept changes, the other changes later
- probability – probability of when a occurs, b is going to occur
- substitutability – if a1 OR a2 occurs, b is going to occur |
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Term
| theoretical vs. conceptual framework |
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Definition
- based on one existing theory = theoretical
- links concepts selected from more than one to several theories, from previous research results, or from researcher's own experience, explains relationships btwn concepts. less developed than a theoretical framework = conceptual |
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Term
| Ethics in research w/ objectives |
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Definition
- need approval from IRB for any human-related studies BEFORE starting research. It's good for the entirety of research
Objectives:
1. protect human participants
2. ensure research conducted in a way that serves interests of individuals, groups and/or society as a whole
3. To examine specific research activities and projects for their ethical soundness, looking at issues such as the management of risk, protection of confidentiality and the process of informed consent |
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Term
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Definition
- autonomy - respect for persons
- beneficence
- justice - what is fair
- veracity |
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Term
| **Determinants of vulnerability |
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Definition
- circumstances: difficult access (rural and/or wilderness populations, uninsured, medicaid or medicare, poor who lack transportation to sources of care, lack sources of care outside work hours)
- age or functional or developmental status
- ability to communicate effectively
- presence of chronic or terminal illness or disability
- personal characteristics: ethnicity, gender, age, sexuality
3 = race/ethnicity, SES, and insurance coverage (access) |
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Term
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Definition
- those who graduate HS might not be able to navigate health system
- have less knowledge about disease management
- report poorer health status
- are less likely to use preventative services
- have higher rate of hospitalization and ER services |
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Term
| interventions to improve health literacy |
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Definition
- avoid jargon
- use 5th grade grammar
- use pictures/visuals
- ask to repeat info back
- check hearing aid
- be clear, simple, use hand gestures |
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Term
| Models of Vulnerable Populations |
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Definition
Individual Determinants Model - Focuses on individual characteristics (age, gender, etc.)
Individual Social Resources Model - Social status, social capital, human capital influence
Individual health behaviors model - Focuses on differences in individual health-promoting and health-risk behaviors
Individual Socioeconomic Status model - focuses on education, occupation, & income (SES, social class) |
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Term
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Definition
- direct care provider: CNS, NP
- Educator
- Researcher
- Consultant
- Manager
Others:
- Advocate
- education
- change agency
- case management
- consultation |
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Term
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Definition
Leave Me Some PSAA
1. Legal - nurse supports pt's legal rights
2. Moral-ethical: nurse respects pts values and supports decisions consistent with those values
3. Substitutive - if pt cannot express opinion, nurse respects pts wishes that were previously expressed or the wishes of the surrogate decision maker
4. Political - nurse works to change laws/policies to ensure equity for all patients/groups/society
5. spiritual - care plan includes spirituality
6. Advocacy for nursing - support other nurses
7. Advocacy for Community Health |
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Term
| 5 essential steps of case management |
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Definition
1. ciient assessment
2. planning
3. linking
4. monitoring
5. evaluating |
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Term
| Billing reimbursement avg |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Part A - hospital insurance, inpatient, short-term SNF, post-institutional home health care, hospice care < 6 months prognosis
Part B - US, outpatient hospital services, medical equipment, ambulance costs, physician services, home health not covered in A
Part C - coordinated care or private fee - for - service plans & medical savings accounts
Part D - prescription drug coverage |
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Term
| *** Accountability - 7 principles |
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Definition
ABCVFNJ
1. Autonomy - self-determination
2. Veracity - truthfulness, do not intentionally mislead
3. Non-maleficence - Do NO HARM, thinking long term
4. Beneficence - primary goal is to "do good" for the patient
5. Confidentiality - honoring privacy
6. Justice or distributive justice - everyone has the right to be treated equally
7. Fairly role fidelity - obligation to be faithful to commitments and practice with the role |
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Term
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Definition
HE IS QLPTP
1. SCIENTIFIC COMPETENCIES - critically analyzes data and evidence
2. LEADERSHIP
3. QUALITY
4. PRACTICE INQUIRY - new knowledge
5. TECHNOLOGY AND INFORMATION LITERACY
6. POLICY - ethics and globalization in policy making
7. HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM - minimizes risk at systems level
8. ETHICS - ethical principles in decision making
9. INDEPENDENT PRACTICE - highest level of accountability |
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Term
| Informed consent requirements (3) |
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Definition
| capacity, clear understanding, voluntary |
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Term
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Definition
| Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act |
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