Term
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Definition
Style/Period: American Avant-garde
Genre Profile: 012---2001---2222---212---10---02x
Quantity of Work Produced: considerable
Best Known For: aleatory music---works accenting use of time, space and silence---solo piano, espec. prepared piano---chamber music---magnetic tape-based pcs---percussion (chamber combs.)---solo voice
Notable Works: . . . Third Construction [perc quartet] (1941) . . . Amores [2 prepared pf & 2 perc trios] (1943) . . . Sonatas & Interludes [prepared pf] (1946-8) . . . Conc. for Prepared Piano & Chamber Orch. (1951) . . . Atlas Eclipticalis [any combination of up to 86 instrs.] (1961-2)
Musical Influences: +Boulez; Cowell; +Feldman; +Harrison; Ives; Satie; Schoenberg; Varèse; Webern; MUSIC OF INDIA; chance events; silence |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Early Italian Romantic (bel canto)
Genre Profile: 002---0020---0001---100---03---220
Quantity of Work Produced: considerable
Best Known For: operas---songs
Notable Works: . . . Conc. for Oboe & Strings in E flat (before 1826) . . . La Sonnambula [opera] (1831) . . . Norma [opera] (1831) . . . I Puritani [opera] (1835)
Musical Influences: Mayr; -Mozart; --Pergolesi; ROSSINI; folksong |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Late German Romantic (Neoclassical)
Genre Profile: 002---2210---2222---232---00---220
Quantity of Work Produced: extensive
Best Known For: solo organ & solo piano---orchestral pcs---chamber music---works for solo string instr.---songs
Notable Works: . . . Fantasia & Fugue on B-A-C-H [org] Op.46 (1900) . . . Variations & Fugue on an Original Theme in F sharp minor [org] Op.73 (1903) . . . Musical Influences: ---JS BACH; --Beethoven; BRAHMS; -Chopin; Debussy; Liszt; --Mendelssohn; --Mozart; -R Schumann; R Strauss; Wagner; Wolf; ---Baroque music |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Experimentalist
Genre Profile: 002---0000---2000---002---00---02x
Quantity of Work Produced: small
Best Known For: music emphasizing percussion, rhythmicity, & winds---magnetic tape-based pcs
Notable Works: . . . Octandre [fl, woodwinds & brass chamber ensemble (8 instrs.)] (1923) . . . Ionisation [13 perc] (1929-31) . . . Ecuatorial [solo v & 18 instr. ensemble (or for chorus & orch.)] (1932-4) . . . Density 21.5 [fl] (1936) . . . Déserts [14 winds, 5 perc, pf & 2 track tape] (1950?-4, r1960 & 1961)
Musical Influences: Busoni; Debussy; Schoenberg; R Strauss; Stravinsky; Widor; ---Medieval, Renaissance & Baroque music; Asian music |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Post-Classical (Paris virtuoso school)
Genre Profile: 000---0301---0222---003---00---010
Quantity of Work Produced: considerable
Best Known For: violin (solo, chamber combs., w/orch.)---guitar (solo, chamber combs.)
Notable Works: . . . 24 Caprices [vln] Op.1 (c1805) . . . Violin Conc. #1 in D [originally E flat] Op.6 (1817?) . . . Moto Perpetuo in C [vln & orch.] Op.11 (after 1829)
Musical Influences: Beethoven; -Locatelli; GUITAR MUSIC; French violin music; Italian opera |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: American Vernacularist
Genre Profile: 032---3000---0202---200---02---020
Quantity of Work Produced: considerable
Best Known For: piano (solo, w/orch.)---stage works---songs---orchestral pcs
Notable Works: . . . Rhapsody in Blue [pf & orch.] (1924) . . . Piano Conc. in F (1925) . . . 3 Preludes [pf] (1926) . . . An American in Paris [sym. poem] (1928) . . . Cuban Over. [rhumba for orch.] (1932) . . . Porgy and Bess [folk opera] (1935)
Musical Influences: Jewish folk music; Latin dance rhythms; JAZZ; BLUES; RAGTIME |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Late French Romantic
Genre Profile: 022---0010---0001---200---02---020
Quantity of Work Produced: modest
Best Known For: orchestral pcs---operas---solo piano---songs
Notable Works: . . . 10 Pièces Pittoresques [pf] (1881) . . . España [rhapsody for orch.] (1883) . . . Gwendoline [opera] (1885) . . . Le Roi Malgré Lui [opera] (1887) . . . Joyeuse Marche [orch.] (1888) . . . Bourrée Fantasque [pf] (1891)
Musical Influences: Bizet; WAGNER; Spanish music |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Late Italian Baroque (Neapolitan school)
Genre Profile: 000---0002---2110---010---03---230
Quantity of Work Produced: immense
Best Known For: operas---secular cantatas---motets---sacred oratorios---masses---songs
Notable Works: . . . secular chamber cantatas [mainly for 1 or 2 vv & 1-3 instrs.] (c1680-1725) . . . Il Tigrane [opera] (1715)
Musical Influences: CARISSIMI; Cavalli; Corelli; [G Legrenzi]; -Monteverdi; --Palestrina; Pasquini; [-L Rossi]; Stradella |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Pre-Classical (Neopolitan school)
Best Known For: opera seria & most other contemporary genres of sacred & secular vocal music---chamber music
Musical Influences: JS Bach; A SCARLATTI; Vivaldi; Italian opera |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Early Italian Baroque
Genre Profile: [not used]
Quantity of Work Produced: extensive
Best Known For: solo organ---motets---instrumental ensemble canzonas---solo harpsichord---madrigals
Notable Works: . . . solo keyboard works (2 books) (p1624 & 1627) . . . 3 Toccatas for the Elevation of the Host (from 'Fiori Musicali,' Op.12) [org] (p1635)
Musical Influences: A Gabrieli; Gesualdo; LUZZASCHI; [C Merulo]; Monteverdi; Franco-Flemish school |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Late Renaissance (w/eclectic Franco-Flemish, French & Italian elements)
Genre Profile: [not used]
Quantity of Work Produced: immense
Best Known For: sacred vocal music (motets, masses, magnificats)---secular vocal music (madrigals, chansons, lieder)
Notable Works: . . . Tristis est anima mea [motet/part song for 5 vv] (p1565) . . . Seven Penitential Psalms of David [motets for 5 vv] (p1584) . . . madrigals [3-10 vv] . . . masses [4-8 vv] . . . songs [chansons & lieder for 3-8 vv, many with instrumental acc.]
Musical Influences: Clemens; Gombert; +Marenzio; [P de Monte]; Palestrina; Rore; Willaert; Italian madrigals; Franco-Flemish polyphony |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Pre-Classical
Best Known For: syms.---concs.---chamber music
Musical Influences: Vivaldi |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Mystical (Exoticist; Impressionist through 1930s)
Genre Profile: 002---2002---0202---231---02---22x
Quantity of Work Produced: considerable
Best Known For: solo organ---orchestral pcs---solo piano---chamber music---vocal/choral music---music simulating birdsong---music on religious subjects
Notable Works: . . . Apparition de l'Église Éternelle [org] (1932) . . . L'Ascension [4 meditations for orch.] (1933; org arr. 1934) . . . Quartet for the End of Time [vln, cl, vc & pf] (1940) . . . Visions de l'Amen [2 pf] (1943) . . . 20 Regards sur l'Enfant Jésus [pf] (1944) . . . Turangalila Symphony [pf, ondes martenot & orch.] (1946-8) . . . 4 Études de Rythme [pf] (1949) . . . Livre d'Orgue [7 pcs for organ] (1951) . . . Oiseaux Exotiques [pf & small orch.] (1955-6) . . . Chronochromie [orch.] (1960) . . . Et Exspecto Resurrectionem Mortuorum [winds, brass & perc] (1964)
Musical Influences: Bartók; Debussy; Dukas; Dupré; Scriabin; Stravinsky; Serialism; music of India; ---plainsong; ---Medieval & ancient music; birdsong; East & Southeast Asian music |
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Term
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Definition
Style/Period: Late Austrian Baroque
Best Known For: church music (operas, oratorios, masses, motets, etc.)---solo keyboard
Musical Influences: Corelli; -Frescobaldi; --PALESTRINA; Pasquini; French music |
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