Term
|
Definition
A theory of development
Less developed Countries are highly dependent on more developed countries
Development depends on when countries enter the world market
Examples of influence: International markets, capitalism, exploitation... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Governments that have lost the ability to exercise the most basic functions
Basic functions include the ability to pass laws, issue regulations, control the police...
Can't maintain law and order and provide basic services |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generally less developed countries are ruled by other countries from Europe or North American.
Most new colonies had subsistence economies.
Colonizers needed to profit and introduced commercial agriculture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
All about modernization and industrialization.
Industrialization leads to free time for: Education, innovation and entrepreneurial ventures.
Leads to wealth and more industries
Creates class and society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
People are tied together in an hierarchical relationship
Lords, bosses and patrons are more powerful than clients.
Tied together through financial military and cultural bonds that are hard to break. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Structural adjustment is the assumption that countries i the Global south will grow to fit in with global economic preferences.
The assumption that in the long run countries will find areas of comparative advantage that spark sustained growth |
|
|
Term
| International Financial Institutions |
|
Definition
First steps created 1944
Originally created to spur economic recovery and stabilize war torn countries of Europe and Asia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Make loans and issue grants to developing countries.
Most of funds come from private markets.
Focuses much more on private corporations now.
Controlled by whichever countries contribute the most. |
|
|
Term
| International Monetary Fund |
|
Definition
Designed to stabilize international monetary flow. Governed roughly the same as World bank.
As of recent, countries have to agree to structural adjustment before being granted a loan. |
|
|
Term
| Three major problems with developing states |
|
Definition
Poverty: Stems from an inability to enforce law and collect tax. Governments with low income cannot provide for the citizens.
Stability: They have trouble developing the stability of the regime. Combined factors of political, social and economic growth.
Corruption: Poor states have low wages in most sectors of economy and government. This creates a corruption prone environment. |
|
|
Term
| Common Political Regimes in the Global South |
|
Definition
Democracies in the "South"
Single Party Regimes
Military Dictatorships
Personal Dictatorships |
|
|
Term
| Democracies in the "South" |
|
Definition
Countries such as India and Costa Rica
Democratization in South America, Africa and Asia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Example: Mexico's PRI party dominated for 70 years
Created because it is often difficult for a movement to become competitive with itself. (it's hard to break up the group that overthrows a dictatorship.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The military always survives in any nation.
In South America: Armed forces protect the country from outside threats and civil unrest
Nigeria: First two republics and political parties organized based on ethnicity made stability impossible.
Military had to intervene. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dictators come to power through both elections and coups.
Create a complicated support base.
Kill or ban supporters
Examples: Qadaffi, Somrzas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a country replaces expensive imported goods with local goods it can conserve hard currency and other resources which can then be used to speed up development of it's own industrial base. |
|
|
