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| Explain why Macintosh computers are preferred over Windows in most graphic environments. |
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Definition
| Because Macs can also read most files created in Windows, but Windows may not be able to read certain Mac files. |
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| Why do we need to have files saved with extensions? |
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| if they do not have them, then Windows cannot read the files. |
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| What is the purpose of file management to the designer or photographer? |
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Definition
| to allow some applications to find linked files properly, to make files easier to back up and archive, and to organize complex files and projects. |
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Term
| Which design element can be straight, angular, or curved and they may be drawn in horizontal, vertical, or diagonal directions? |
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| Which design element is usually considered closed forms or outlines? |
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| Which design element is one of the most powerful design elements? |
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| Which design element describes surface quality like rust, velvet, or sandpaper? |
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| Which design element determines depth and dimension of an element by the range of lightness or darkness of an element? |
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| Which design element have advantages and limitations that need to be considered in creating a particular design? |
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| What is the most common resolution for print? |
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Term
| What is the most common resolution for Web? |
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| Which file format is a Photoshop native file, it can be read by other Adobe products or other Photoshop users and edited with ease without losing quality; but because it is not an extension that can be read by all graphic applications universally, some may not be able to read it? |
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| Which file format generates smaller compressed files and is used primarily for the web or when smaller file sizes are needed. This is a universal format, which can be read by most graphic application. Images that are saved as JPEGs, however, lose data each time they are compressed and saved? |
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Definition
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| Which file format can be edited constantly and can still remain as accurate as the original image. They can be edited in Photoshop or any graphic application without losing quality because they are saved as a universal format that can be read by any graphic application. Graphic files saved with a .TIFF extension are preferred in the commercial printing industry. They also generate the largest file sizes, so be wary of the space needed to store these files. |
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Term
| Which color mode is composed of colors in red, green, and blue, which, when added in different combinations, create all other colors electronically. |
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Definition
| RGB is used for all initial set up and editing. |
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Term
| Which color mode is used by Commercial printers only use mode, and it is important for you as a designer to send them the final images in that mode. |
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Definition
| CYMK. The colors cyan (C), magenta (M), and yellow (Y) are used as part of a subtractive process by creating all ink colors as a percentage of these three colors. Black (K) is automatically added for details in the shadows and to provide contrast in ink colors. |
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Term
| What panel is displayed by the levels dialog box displays what is called a histogram, which is a graph that shows the highlight, shadow, and midtone properties of an image. |
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Definition
| By adjusting the histogram, you can control the amount of detail in the highlights and shadows by redistributing pixels to generate the full range of tones. The Histogram panel displays the before (gray) and after (black) histograms to see the changes made in an image. Adjusting the levels of an image brings back any hidden details caused by importing an image into the computer. |
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Term
| Which selection tool selects parts of an image based on similar tints or shading of colors. This tool is used for areas with difficult outlines or soft edges that can not be traced with the Lasso tools. |
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Term
| Which selection tool works well with selections that are needed as either freeform or complex selections. |
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| Which selection tool selects rectangular boxes, elliptical areas, and single pixel row or column selections? |
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| Which selection tool is also in the category of selection tools, although technically it does not generate a selection but moves or cuts a selected area? |
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Term
| Which selection tool allows you to brush over an area to be selected by color similarities. This tool works best with complicated selections with good contrast. |
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Term
| Why should you save images as .TIF files for editing instead of saving them as JPEGs? |
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Definition
| .TIF files can be edited as many times as needed and still maintain the original quality. Although files saved in JPEG format will compress your file and save space, it will soon degrade the image quality if you make many changes to the image. |
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Term
| Why is the Tolerance setting important for the Magic Wand Tool? |
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Definition
| The Tolerance setting on the Tool Options bar is important because it determines the amount of similar colors selected; the lower the tolerance, the fewer the similar colors selected. |
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Term
| Explain how to create perfect circles and squares with the Marquee tools. |
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Definition
| Hold down the Shift key while dragging the rectangular (square) or elliptical (circle) marquee. |
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Term
| Explain the purpose of alpha channels in our kayak project. |
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Definition
| Photoshop uses alpha channels in its Channels panel to store and save selections of an image area permanently, so they can be used again. |
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Term
| Explain how to use Layer Comps. |
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Definition
| Layer Comps are used to document the stages of layers while developing images. They also provide a means to experiment with different layer combinations to display various effects for showing versions of a design. |
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Term
| How do you rearrange layers? |
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Definition
| Click right of layer name, hold and drag up or down in panel. |
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Term
| Explain the difference between the Healing Brush Tool and the Clone Stamp Tool. |
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Definition
| The Healing Brush Tool works the same way as the Clone Stamp Tool: by selecting a reference area while holding down the Option/Alt key to establish a source; it also works like the Patch Tool: it analyzes the texture, lighting, and color and blends that in to the defective area. The Clone Stamp Tool in Photoshop allows you to sample a group of pixels from a source area and transfer or clone those pixels to a target area by holding down the Option/Alt key and click a clean area to sample from. It copies the exact pixels it references. |
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Term
| Explain Grayscale, RGB, and CMYK color modes. |
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Definition
| The default working color mode you would use initially while working on your computer is usually RGB color, which is also used as the default color mode for electronic display as in web design and for printing on local printers. If you were sending an image to a printing press that uses inks, you would convert the RGB (i.e., red, green, and blue) image to CMYK (i.e., cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) mode. Images that are shades of gray are set in Grayscale mode, which is the color mode of your original restoration image. When you need to apply RGB colors to a Grayscale image, all you have to do is create a duplicate of the original and change the mode from Grayscale to RGB color. |
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Term
| Explain the use of the pencil tool. |
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Definition
| It allows the designer to draw freely when tracing any drawing or image. |
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Term
| Explain the use of the pen tool. |
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Definition
| It allows for precise drawing by clicking to create anchor points. |
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Term
| In Illustrator, define objects or paths, anchor points, path segments, and the artboard area. |
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Definition
| In Illustrator, vector images are created as objects, or paths, that have starting and ending points and determine the shape of an image. Paths (or objects) can be closed like circles or open like lines. Paths contain nonprinting anchor points that define where line segments begin and end. Segments are curved or straight lines between anchor points. The area inside the dotted rectangle of the document is called the artboard, which is where you will create and modify all your illustrations. |
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Term
| Explain the characteristics of vector images. |
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Definition
| Vector images can be scaled to any size the designer needs because they use mathematical formulas to calculate distances between points as they are resized. The quality stays the same in all vector artwork with smooth, crisp edges no matter what size is used. Illustrations have a lower color depth, because they use fewer total variations of color, and therefore the file sizes of vector images are small. |
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Term
| Explain the purpose of Preview view and Outline view. |
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Definition
| Preview view displays all the colors in the artwork to show how it will look when printed; choose View > Preview to see all the artwork. You can also choose to display just the outlines of shapes by selecting View > Outline to display the artwork in Outline View to carefully look at the alignment of objects. |
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Term
| Explain uses of the Pencil, Smooth, Eraser, Selection, and Direct Selection tools. |
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Definition
| The Direct Selection Tool allows you to select and move individual anchor points or path segments. The Eraser Tool in Illustrator removes anchor points and path segments. In Photoshop it removes the background color. The Pencil Tool in Illustrator allows the designer to draw freely or trace from a template any drawing or image. As a line is drawn, a path is automatically created with anchor points when the mouse is released. The Smooth Tool moves and deletes anchor points to help smooth out freehand crooked path segments The Selection Tool in Illustrator creates a bounding box around selected paths. |
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Term
| Explain the differences between using symbols and brushes. |
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Definition
| Symbols are art objects that you can create from combinations of paths, text, images, or groups of objects and save for later use in the Symbols panel in your document. Symbols can also include brush strokes, special effects, blending ofcolors, and so on. Brushes allow you to apply various freehand strokes of artwork in various ways to existing paths or objects. Brushes can be applied to existing selected paths, or a brush stroke can be used to create a path. |
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Term
| Explain mapping in Illustrator. |
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Definition
| Mapping artwork is done in the 3-D Options dialog box to precisely match the artwork to the contours of the 3-D surface. It involves “wrapping” the artwork around an object’s surface to match what it would look like on the actual product. |
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Term
| What is the keyboard shortcut for Select All? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the keyboard shortcut for Save As? |
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Definition
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Term
| 42.What is the keyboard shortcut for Paste? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the keyboard shortcut for Copy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the keyboard shortcut for Cut? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Photoshop keyboard shortcut for Deselect? |
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Definition
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Term
| In Illustrator, how do you constrain the ellipse tool to draw a circle? |
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| In Illustrator, what is the keyboard shortcut to switch from any tool back to the Selection Tool? |
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Definition
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| In Illustrator, what is the keyboard shortcut to switch from any tool back to the Selection Tool? |
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