Term
| major categories of health risks from HP 2010 |
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Definition
- inherited biological risk, including age-related
- social & physical environment risk
- behavioral risk
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Term
| biological/age-related risks |
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Definition
- cardiovascular disease/HTN
- DM
- obesity increases risk for: heart disease, HTN, diabetes, some cancers, gallbladder disease
- transitions: movement from one stage or condition to another; age-related or life-event risks often occur during transitions
- if the even is normative (anticipated), families can
- ID needed resources
- make plans
- learn new skills
- prepare
- examples: birth/adoption, death of elder, child moving out, marriage of a child
- nonnormative
- outcome can be increased stress, crisis or even dysfunction
- examples: job promotion, inheritance, major illness, divorce, death of child, loss of income
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Term
| levels in Lorenz family stress theory |
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Definition
- Level I: change in fairly specific patterns of behavior & transforming process
- e.g., change in who does the household chores
- Level II: change in processes that are at a higher level of abstraction
- e.g., change in what are defined as family chores
- Level III: change in highly abstract processes (e.g., family values)
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Term
| social risks (environmental) |
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Definition
- high crime neighborhood
- inadequate recreation or health resources
- major noise pollution/chem pollution
- other high stress environments
- discrimination
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Term
| economic risk (environmental, related to social risk) |
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Definition
- having adequate resources to meet economic demands on the family
- one of the foremost predictors of health
- lack of insurance
- increasing number of middle-income families have no job related insurance but make too much to qualify for public aid
- nurses should push for policy to change this
- may only be able to afford illness care, not preventative care
- may only be able to afford low quality foods
- children in WIC have been shown to receive more curative & preventative care
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Term
| behavioral/lifestyle risk |
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Definition
- families are the basic unit in which health behavior is developed, organized & performed
- what food & how prepared
- sleep patterns
- activities
- determining when someone is ill and if they should get care
- carrying out treatment regimens
- more than 1/2 of all U.S. in 2002 attributed to cancer or heart disease, both of which are caused in part by diet
- substance use/abuse
- tobacco is single most preventable cause of death
- 41% of traffic deaths related to alcohol, 2001
- family violence
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Term
| children at decreased risk of alcohol use/misuse |
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Definition
- close supportive families
- clearly set & enforced rules
- involved parents
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Term
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Definition
- basic to community-oriented nursing
- an important environment affecting health of individuals
- basic to community & larger population health
- primary unit of healthcare (Litman, 1974); family health separate from individual health
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Term
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Definition
- Pratt 1976
- ideal family type
- promotion of freedom, change
- active contact with variety of other groups/orgs
- flexible role relationships
- equal power structure
- high degree of autonomy in family members
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Term
| 2 things that motivate individuals to participate in health behaviors |
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Definition
- desire to promote own health
- desire to protect our health
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Term
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Definition
| possessing the abilities & resources to accomplish family developmental tasks |
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Term
| Neuman Systems Model of family health |
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Definition
- system stability
- five interacting sets of factors (physiological, psych, sociocultural, developmental, spiritual)
- wellness-oriented model; nurse uses strengths & resources to keep the family health during change
- real life: assess family's ability to adapt to a stressful change (using five variables above), then focus on their strengths to stabilize the family reaction
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Term
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Definition
| disease prevention & health promotion |
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Term
| voluntarily assumed risks |
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Definition
- tolerated better than those imposed by others
- ex: overeating
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Term
risks about which scientists debate and are uncertain
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Definition
- more feared than risks where they agree
- ex: colon cancer
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Term
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Definition
- often considered less threatening that man-made risks
- ex: hurricanes
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Term
| family resources examples |
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Definition
| money, extended family members' assistance |
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Term
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Definition
- making an agreement between 2 or more parties involving a shift in responsibility and control toward a shared effort by the client and professional (as opposed to by the professional alone)
- premise is family control
- formally involving the family in the nursing process
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Term
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Definition
| being able to ask a relative for money; being able to talk with relatives about their worries |
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Term
| family life cycle stages (Carter) |
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Definition
- leaving home
- marriage
- young children
- adolescents & grandparents
- launching children, moving on
- later life
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Term
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Definition
- one of the most effective techniques for assessing patterns of health & illness in families
- drawing that includes several generations using circles, lines, squares
- requires interviews with many family members
- 3 generations recommended
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Term
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Definition
- assesses relationships the family has with others (relatives, neighbors, etc), their connect with other social units, the flow of energy
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Term
| major disadvantage of home visits |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- I. Initiation (clarify source of referral, purpose, tell family)
- II. Previsit (initiate contact, establish shared purpose, determine willingness, schedule it, review record)
- III. In-home (nursing process)
- IV. Termination (review with family, plan for future visits)
- V. Postvisit (record, plan for next)
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Term
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Definition
| 1st contact between nurse & family |
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Term
| major portion of home visit |
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Definition
- establishing the relationship, implementing nursing process
- a home visit is an intervention, not just an alternative care setting
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Term
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Definition
- review with family; provides basis for planning further home visits
- termination begins with first contact (establishment of goals)
- planning future visits, setting new goals
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Term
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Definition
- each family member usually has their own record, so ND's directed toward individuals, not family unit
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Term
| individual ND vs. family ND |
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Definition
- individual: ineffective mothering skill
- family: inability of a family to accomplish the stage-appropriate task of providing a safe environment for a preschooler
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Term
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Definition
| synergistic; combined effect is more than individual |
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Term
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Definition
- working agreement
- continuously negotiable
- may be oral
- contingency contract: specific reward if completion for client
- noncontingency contract
- must involve whole family, not just one person if goal is family-oriented
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Term
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Definition
- learned skill
- goals are not static; continual renegotiating
- I. Beginning Phase
- mutually collect & analyze data
- obtain family's view
- mutually establish goals & plans
- II. Working Phase
- Mutual division of responsiblities, setting of time limits, implementation of plan, eval & regnegotiation
- III. Termination
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Term
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Definition
- better than enabling or help-giving
- goal: create a partnership, shared responsibility
- empowered families need:
- access & control over needed resources
- decision-making/problem-solving abilities
- ability to communicate
- outcomes
- positive self-esteem
- ability to set & reach goals
- sense of control over life & change
- sense of hope
- assumes partnership; professional is not in control
- emphasizes health risk reduction, health promotion
- focus on competencies, not problems
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