-Adverse birth outcomes

-Low birth weight

-Higher infant morality

-More likely to live in poverty

-lower education

-lower incomes

-greater dependence on welfare assistance

Prenatal Care with Teen Mothers

Frederal program that provides funds for family planning services for low-income people

-nations major program to reduce unintended pregnancy by providing contraceptive and other reproductive health care services to low-income women.

1. Risk Assessment

2. Treatment of Medical Condionts or Risk Reduction

3. Education

-Mother's health behavior

-Mother's level of prenatal care

-Quality of delivery

-Nutrition

-Immunizations

-Infant's environment after birth (Home, family, medical services)

-Access to a neonatalogist

Unintentional injuries leading cause of death in children

(What kind?)

Unintentional Injuries

-Significant economic, emotional and disabling impact

Child Maltreatment

Infectious Diseases

-Importance of immunization schedule (This is complicated! Make sure to keep track of this as a parent!)

-Established in 1990 to administer Title V funding

-Accomplishes goals through 4 core public health services

residency in application state

income requirements

at "nutrtional risk"

13 million children younger than 6 in child care every day

-Family Support Act

-"At Risk" Childcare Program

United Nation's Children's Fund (UNICEF)

-smoke during pregnancy

-have preterm births

-have low birth weight babies

-have pregnancy complications

-delayed prenatal care

-inadequate weight gain

-smoking, alcohol and other drug use

-supports 61% of the 4000+ family planning clinics in the U.S.

-over 5 million women received care at clinics founded by Title X

-must have ultrasound 24 hours before abortion

-must hear heartbeat before abortion

-Dallas, Texas

-Norma McCorvy (9 months pregnant) wanted an abortion because of rape.

-Won

-congenital abnormalities

-preterm/low birthweight, SIDS

-only available to people who fit into a specific group

-many people fall through the cracks

-significant decline in death rates over past several decades: mostly due to advances in medicine and injury and disease prevention

-male mortality rate higher than female

-lowest mortality rate: Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders

-Most threats stem from behavior rather than disease

1. Car Accidents (46.5%)

2. Homicide (16%)

3. Suicide (12%)

Decreases but 1/5 of students are smokers:

White students are more likely to smoke than black or hispanic

12.8%

1 in every 8 Americans age 65+

-majority of elders today are active and well

-many still working

-many strongly engaged in community, volunteer, and advocacy programs

America's population has drastically shifted

other countries have shifted as well

1. Fertility Rates

2. Mortality Rates

3. Migration

(Age matters)

economically unproductive to economically productive

-traditionally definied by age (19-64 was productive)

-can be used for social policy decision making

(age DOESN'T matter)

number of people actually working and those who are not

-marital status

-living arrangements

-racial and ethnic composition

-geographic distribution

-economic status

-3/4 of elder men are married

-just over 1/2 of elder women are married

-men have shorter life expectancies

-men tend to marry women younger than selves

-men more likely to remarry after loss of spouse

-closely linked to income, health status and availability of caregivers

-2/3 of non-institutionalized elders live with someone else

-women are more likely to live alone

2010 Elders: Whites

2/5 live in southern states

-more than half live in 10 states: CA, FL, IL, MI, NJ, NY, NC, OH, PA, TX

37% social security

15% asset income

18% pension income

28% earnings

1. Heart Disease

2. Cancer

3. Stroke

4. CLRD (Chronic Lower Respiratory Disease

5. Alzheimer's Disease

generally more favorable than younger poeple

-less likely to consume large amounts of alcohol, smoke cigarettes, or be overweight

-may be frail

-unable to defend themselves

-vulnerable to telemarketing

-most common victims of theft or stolen benefit checks

Continuting-Care Retirement Communities (CCRCS)

- green houses, eden alternatives sprouting up

increased services and protect rights of elders

-national nutrition programs for elders

-state and area agencies on aging

men are more successful

women are more likely to attempt

-in 1977, classifications standards changed

-split apart "Asian or Pacific Islander" category

-add "Hispanic vs. Non-Hispanic" question

less likely than any other group

-least likely to graduate high school

two seperate racial groups

-bipolar distribution of income and educational attainments

-generally concentrated in western states

Two large subgroups: Chinese and Filipino

Pacific Islanders Health Care

Original Inhabitants of America (now only 1.5% of population

-economically and socially disadvantaged

-relatively poor health and many living in poverty

HIGHEST RATES OF DIABETES THAN ANY OTHER GROUP

-various tribal groups have distinct customs, languages and beliefs

-traditional Indian healing (enphasizing wholeness, balanace and energy) can be counter to Western medicine

is within Health and Human Services

-responsible for federal health services to Natice Americas and Alaska Natives