1. illness prevention
2. health promotion

• Outpatient surgery
  • Cholecystectomy, hysterectomy, appendectomy, etc.
• Treatment of serious illness
  • chemotherapy, radiotherapy
• Wide variety of dianostic testing procedures
  • CT scans, MRI, angiography

1. Community based nursing practice
2. Community heatlh nursing practice

• Care of individuals and families
• Manage acute & chronic health conditions in the community
• All leves of prevention (primary, seconday, and tertiary - but focus more on the two later.)
• Care provided in cummity settings (Home, schools, and clinics)
  • Ex:  Katrina caring for diabetics, CHF people

• Delivery of personal "health" services to individuals, families, and groups
• Focus on health of individuals, families, & groups and how their status affects the community as a whole
  • ex:  Public health nurse, school nursing, occupational health nursing
  • ex:  sanitation of dome during Katrina

Philosophy of:

Community Health -vs- Comminty Based

Health:    "Health care" of individuals, groups, families

Based:     "Illness care" of individuals

Goal of:

Community Health

-VS-

Community Based

Health:     Preserve, Protect, Promote, or maintain health

Based:     Manage acute or chronic conditions

Client Characteristics of:

Community Health

-VS-

Community Based

• Health
  • "at risk" population
  • Usually Healthy
• Based
  • Individuals
  • Families
  • Usually ill

Emphasis on levels of prevention for:

Community Health

-VS-

Community Based

• Health:     Primary
• Based:     Secondary & Tertiary

National Health Goals

3 goals of 2000 Inititives

1. Increase the span of health life for Americans
2. Reduce health disparities among Americans
3. Achieve access to preventative services for all Americans

National Health Goals

2 goals of 2010 Inititives

1. Increase quality & years of healthy life for all Americans
2. Eliminate Health disparities

Health People 2010

10 leading health indicators

1. Physical Activity
2. Injury and violence
3. Overweight and obesity
4. Enviromental quality
5. Tobacco Use
6. Immunization
7. Substance Abuse
8. Responsible sexual behavior
9. Mental Health
10. Access to Health Care

• Personal health care provided to an individual who is not a bed patient in a health care insitiution.

Gives all students between the ages of 6 and 18 years the right to a "free and appropriate public education" in the least restrictive environment possible regardless of physical or mental disabilities.

Amended in 1986 to include preschool children

• Included children with physical or mental impairments that limits life activities to the Education for all Handicapped Children Act

• Screening to identify children in need of special education
• Complete an individual education plan (IEP)
  • lays out goals of student
  • Specific needs of student

• Medicare eligible
• Requires interrmittent skilled nursing care, PT, ST, etc.
• Homebound
• Under the care of a physician
• Home health agency must be Medicare certified