Term
What is the private practice term for the community health practice of:
Survey and needs analysis |
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Definition
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Term
What is the private practice term for the community health practice of:
data analysis |
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Definition
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Term
What is the private practice term for the community health practice of:
program planning |
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Definition
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Term
What is the private practice term for the community health practice of:
funding |
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Definition
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Term
What is the private practice term for the community health practice of:
appraisal or evaluation |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 governmental levels of community dental health? |
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Definition
1.international
2.federal
3.state
4.local |
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Term
| Who published healthy people 2010? |
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Definition
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Term
| What level is the water fluoridation level decided at? |
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Term
| Who supplies grant funding? |
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Definition
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| What level of government applies for grants? |
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| Which level of government would provide sealant services? |
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Term
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Definition
| the study of health and diseases in a population |
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Term
| How are diseases measured in epidemiology? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are epidemiological studies reported? |
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Definition
| by incidence or prevalence |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| old+new cases(total cases) |
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| What are the uses for epidemiology? |
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Definition
-collect data to to describe normal biological processes
-understanding hist of disease process
-measuring distribution of disease in given population
-identifying determinates of disease
-testing hypothesis for disease control and prevention
-planning/evaluating health care services |
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Definition
| unexpectedly large number of cases in a particular population |
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Definition
| disease that occurs regularly in a pop |
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Definition
| outbreak of disease over a large geographic population |
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Term
| What do descriptive studies determine? |
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Definition
| who is getting the disease and where/when the disease is occuring |
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Term
| What do experimental studies test? |
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Definition
| hypothesis to establish cause |
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Term
| What is the null hypothesis sometimes refered to as? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another word for an alternative hypothesis? What is it? |
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Definition
-H1
-alternative way to explain an phenomenon |
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Term
| What do test subject in the control group receive? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the best way to prevent bias? |
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Definition
| double blindness where test subjects or researcher does not know who is receiving the experimental treatment |
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Term
| What are analytical studies aimed at testing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 types of analytical studies? |
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Definition
1.retrospective(case-control)
2.prospective
3.longitudinal |
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Term
| What are retrospective or case control studies? |
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Definition
| looks at past event and how if effects things now |
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Term
| What are prospective studies? |
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Definition
| data collected over time to see how a condition develops(ex studying group of kids in fluoridated and non fluoridated water areas over time to see caries) |
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Term
| What is a longitudinal study? |
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Definition
| a study conducted over a long period of time, retrospective and prospective studies CAN be longitudinal |
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Term
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Definition
| everyone in population has same chance of being picked |
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Term
| What is stratified sampling? |
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Definition
| selecting element according to certain subgroups, ex: select 2 people from each class to participate in a experiment |
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Term
| What is systematic sampling? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is judgement sampling? |
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Definition
| someone familiar with the pop selections the sample, HIGH bias |
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Term
| What is convenience sampling? |
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Definition
| based on convenience (ex: 1st ten people to walk through door will be sampled) |
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Term
| What is the dependent variable? |
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Definition
| the thing/group being experimented |
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Term
| What is the independent variable? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two types of statistics? |
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Definition
| descriptive and inferential studies |
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Term
| What are descriptive studies? |
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Definition
| measures of central tendency |
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Term
| What does a data matrix do? |
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Definition
| measures data scores from lowest to highest |
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Term
| What does a frequency distribution measure? |
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Definition
| how often each score occurs |
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Term
| What are the 3 main methods to group scores? |
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Definition
1.ungrouped
2.cumulative
3.grouped |
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Term
| What are ungrouped scored? |
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Definition
| data is presented in ascending or descending order along with the frequency of each score (ex hatch marks) |
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Term
| What are cumulative scores? |
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Definition
| total number people receiving a certain score or higher |
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Term
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Definition
grouping data into consecutive intervals
ex:
91-96=8(8 ppl recieved an A)
88-89=2(2 ppl recieved a B) |
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Term
| What are the 3 measures of central tendency? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common measure of central tendency? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the median effected by extreme high or low scores? |
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Definition
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Definition
| the most frequently occurring score within a data matrix |
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Term
| What are the mean, median, and mode like in an normal distribution or bell curve? |
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Definition
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Term
| How much % lies within one SD? 2? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most commonly used method of dispersion in oral hygiene research and reflect the range? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is a positive skew, where is the median and mode? |
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Definition
| when more scores fall into the lower range, median to the left |
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Term
| What is a negative skew, where is the median and mode? |
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Definition
| more scores fall into a higher range, one person does really bad, median and mode to right |
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Term
| What are inferential studies? |
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Definition
| allows one to generalize finding from a sample to a whole pop |
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Term
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Definition
| does the test measure what its supposed to measure? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is intaexaminer reliability? |
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Definition
| consistent performance by the same evaluator |
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Term
| What is interexaminer reliability? |
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Definition
| consistent performance between different examiners |
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Term
| What is interexaminer reliability increased by? |
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Definition
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Definition
| the ability of a test to be able to identify the presence of a disease |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of a test to identify the absence of a disease |
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Term
| What does the correlation coefficient do? |
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Definition
| determines the strength between 2 variables +1- -1, the closer to either the stronger it is |
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Term
| What is an example of a positive correlation? Negative? |
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Definition
positive-the more garlic you eat, the more your breath stinks
negative- the more you brush, the less plaque you have |
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Term
| What are tests used in inferential stastics? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| looks at hypothetical difference between 2 mean scores |
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Definition
-analysis of variance
-compares statistical difference between 3 or more mean scores |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the probability that a condition would happen just by chance without experimental intervention |
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Term
| What does the pvalue need to be? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is primary prevention? |
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Definition
| prevents problem like mouthguard or sealants |
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Term
| What is secndary prevention? |
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Definition
| fixes problem like filling, crowns, periodontal therapy |
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Term
| What is tertiary prevention? |
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Definition
| replacing lost tissues ex implants and bridges |
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Term
| What are the characteristics of an ideal index? |
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Definition
-simple
-valid
-reliable
-clear
-sensitive
-quantifiable
-objective
-accepted |
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Term
| What is an example of a reversible index? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an example of irreversible indices? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are simple indicies? |
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Definition
| measures presence of disease |
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Term
| What are cumulative indicies? |
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Definition
| measures all of the evidence of a condition(past and present) |
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Term
| What does DMFT (decayed, missing, filled, teeth)? |
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Definition
| measures past and present caries experience in adults |
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Term
| What is deft? What does it not take into account? |
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Definition
-decayed, need for extraction, filled teeth
-irreversible
-does NOT take into account teeth that have been lost due to cavities |
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Term
| What is dft? Who is this used on? |
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Definition
-decayed filled teeth/surfaces
-used on deciduous teeth |
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Term
| What is RCI? What does it require? |
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Definition
-root caries index
-requires recession(decay only counted that is present on the root surface) |
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Term
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Definition
-caries management by risk assessment
-caries risk assessment
-low, mod, or high risk |
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Term
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Definition
-gingival index
-reversible |
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Term
| What is SBI? What does it detect? When is it useful? |
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Definition
-sucular bleeding index
-detect early signs of gingivitis
-useful in short-term trials |
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Term
| PDI? Is it reversible or irreversible? who developed this? |
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Definition
-Periodontal disease index
-either reversible or irreversible bc it measures gingivitis and perio seperately
-developed by Ramfjord |
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Term
| What is the Pi? Is it reversible? What does it look at and why is it questionable? Who developed it? |
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Definition
-Periodontal index
-looks at surrorunding tissues
-questionable because it does not have CAL
-developed by russel |
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Term
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Definition
| periodontal screening and recoring |
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Term
| What is the CPITN? Who developed it? |
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Definition
-community periodontal index of treatment needs
-determines NEED vs STATUS
-developed by WHO |
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Term
| Can you use a normal probe for CPITN? |
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Definition
| no, it requires a special probe |
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Term
| What is OHI-S? Who is it better for, groups or individuals? |
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Definition
-oral hygiene index simplified
-measures sub and supra plaque and calc
-better for groups |
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Term
| What is PII? Who developed it? What is it used in conjunction with? |
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Definition
-plaque index
-developed by Silness and Loe
-used in conjunction with gingival index
-scores plaque according to thickness at the gingival margin |
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Term
| What is PHP? What does it measure? |
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Definition
-patient hygiene performance
-measues plaque after toothbrushing |
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Term
| What is VMI? What is it used for, what does it measure? |
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Definition
-Volpe-Manhold index
-used for test agents for plaque control and calculus inhibition
-measures supragingival calculus formation following prophylaxis |
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Term
| What is the first step in planning a program? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the needs assessment do? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the best way to conduct a needs assessment for a large group? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are access to care issues? |
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Definition
-needs
-demand
-utilization
-barriers |
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Term
| What is a type I examination method? |
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Definition
| comprehensive exam, uses mirror, explorer, light, radiographs, anything else needed |
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Term
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Definition
| limited exam with instruments, limited radiographs |
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Term
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Definition
| mouth mirror and light only |
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Term
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Definition
| tongue depressor and light only |
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Term
| Who is medicare for? Medicaid? |
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Definition
medicare-old people
medicaid -poor people |
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Term
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Definition
| extension of insurance when someone is fired |
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Term
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Definition
| lump sum of money given to a group to use at their discretion to meet a need |
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Term
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Definition
| specifies where money goes |
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Term
| Objectives must be BLANK. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is external motivation? What is internal motivation? |
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Definition
external-promise of a reward
internal-change as a result of self-awareness |
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Term
| What is formal delivery? Informal? |
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Definition
formal-lecture, discussion, etc
informal-brochures, pamphlets, video, etc |
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Term
| What are the stages of learning? (6) |
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Definition
1.unawareness
2.awareness
3.self-interest
4.involvement
5.action
6.habit |
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Term
| What is an example of a formal program analysis? Informal? |
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Definition
formal-pre and post test
informal-questioning during presentation |
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Term
| What is summative evaluation? |
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Definition
| outcomes evaluation, after program |
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Term
| What is formative evaluation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 steps in planning a community program? |
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Definition
1.needs assessment
2.planning a community project
3.implementation of a community program
4.program evaluation |
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