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Communications 1 (Lecture 2)
Prof. Dolly Mullin
25
Communication
Undergraduate 1
02/05/2011

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Cards

Term
Models of Communication
Definition
-Linear
-Interaction (Process)
-(Purely) Transactional
Term
S-M-R
Definition
Linear; Source-Message-Receiver
-one way comm
-no feedback
-there is no transaction
-receiver can't be the sender
-2 distinct participants
-EX) Email SPAM
Term
Problems with S-M-R
Definition
-too simplistic
-missing:
--cognitive processes
--interdependence
--feedback
--noise
--channel
Term
Shannon & Weaver
Definition
-linear
-Info Source-> Transmitter-> Channel(Noise)-> Receiver->Destination

-One way comm
-no feedback
-Allows for noise disruption (can alter message)
-No transaction
-2 Distinct participants
-Noise Source is the disruptor
-EX) Computer comm b/c allows for noise, IM/E-mail
Term
Schramm Model
Definition
-interaction (process) model
-Circle model
-allows for feedback
-a response that stems from a previous message
-*Encoding and decoding;cognitive processes*
-Both people are decoding and encoding
-more intrapersonal comm and interpersonal
ex) Q&A. laughing at a joke
Term
Berlo Model
Definition
-interaction process model
- *deals with the importance of the construction of the method*
-Source->message->channel->receiver (SMCR)
-Message: elements, structure content, treatment-> choose how you construct the message
-NO ARROWS
Term
Schramm and Berlo (Similarities)
Definition
-emphasize cognitive processes
-encoding and decoding
Term
Dance Model
Definition
-transactional
-downward spiral
-Where you are near on the bottom depends where you were before
-Never the same message
-All about capturing the exchange
-Once you communicate something, it is IRREVERSIBLE
-arrow only pointing one direction meaning you start and end in different places
-shows interdependence
Term
Watlawick, Beavin, and Jackson
Definition
-transaction
-when messages come back, you are always in a new place
-arrows show how you can't take something back
Term
Watlawick, Beavin, and Jackson
Definition
-transaction
-when messages come back, you are always in a new place
-arrows show how you can't take something back
Term
Transactional
Definition
-No focus on cognitive process
-No focus on messages/symbols
-Not just feedback
-includes exchange, interdependence, and irreversibility
Term
Primary components of communication
Definition
people, messages, channel/medium, noise, feedback, context/setting
Term
Successful communicators
Definition
have a high degree of cognitive complexity; success in process, not outcome
Term
Relational context
Definition
all communication occurs within the context of a relationship
Term
relative history
Definition
sum of shared experiences of individuals in relationship
Term
situational context
Definition
-particular circumstances surrounding communication
-includes social environment, physical, place, and specific events and situations
Term
cultural context
Definition
-backdrop for situational context, relational context, and communicators themselves
-helps to determine what messages are appropriate and effective and affects our cognitions
Term
basic communication process
Definition
perception, language, nonverbal comm, and listening
-inform the way we handle comm in a variety of contexts
Term
Interpersonal communication
Definition
-comm between dyads (pairs of individuals)
Term
Group and Organizational
Definition
nature of group interaction
-management/motivation
Term
Systematic
Definition
not just haphazard; planned
Term
Cognitive
Definition
things we do to get a message out
Term
Encoding
Definition
putting idea in mind then saying it; sender
Term
Decoding
Definition
receiving message and then interpret it; receiver
Term
transmitting
Definition
less cognitive; more systematic; get idea, say it, other person decodes it
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