Term
| What are two ways of understanding theory? |
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Definition
As a product (noun) As a Process (Verb)
Hypothesis- an educated guess- Super Duper Educated guess |
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Term
| Whats the differences between Theory and Law? |
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Definition
| Law happens everywhere there simple and doesnt really exist in communications, Theory is contextual (depending on situtation)Complex (Like and Engine) |
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Term
| How is communication theory like a map? |
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Definition
| Gets us to places where we have never been and to places we have been before |
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Term
| How do lay people and scholars theorize differently ? |
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Definition
| Lay take the first idea they come up with and Scholars keep trying to prove why their idea is wrong and how to make it stronger |
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Term
| Which comes first theory or theorizing? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Symbolic Interactionism tell us about human communication? (big idea) |
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Definition
| People act based on meaning they assign to other (themselves) things & events. |
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Term
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Definition
| Having a mind lets us have language puts meaning to signs, Mind isnt shown to public (self) its the (private) |
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Term
| What is the self? Whats the Difference between I and Me? |
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Definition
| The self is the mind that is shown to the world Looking Glass self- imagining how others see us. I (creates meaning) Me (receives meaning) |
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Term
| Whats the Pygmalion Effect? |
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Definition
| Acting up or down to someones expectation of you |
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Term
| What is Society? Who are particular and generalized others? |
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Definition
| Society the web of social relationships humans create and respond to.Particular others are important people, Generalized others are everybody else |
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Term
| Where is meaning created? What does it mean when some says "meaning is selected"?(Interpretive Process) |
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Definition
| Meaning is created in interaction between people. Selectively Defined (specific) |
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Term
| What are self concepts and where do they originate? |
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Definition
| Provides an important motive for behavior. They originate through interacting with one an other |
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Term
| What do self concepts motivate us to do? |
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Definition
| They motivate behavior and how we interact |
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Term
| Besides ourselves and others, who can influence our self concepts ? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is social structure worked out through social interaction? |
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Definition
| Social interaction theorist believe that humans are choice makers, individual can modify social situations |
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Term
| What does cognitive dissonance tell us about human communication? (big idea) |
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Definition
| They want do anything to avoid experiencing dissonance (discomfort) |
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Term
| What are dissonant, consonant, and irrelevant relationships ? |
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Definition
Dissonant(Two things that arent equal) Consonant (two things that are equal) Irrelevant relationships( having nothing to do with each other
Ex: C: Healthy&Fit you workout eat healthy
D: healthy &fit but you dont work out
I: Believing in Abortion and Raising Speed limit |
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Term
| What is the magnitude of dissonance and what three factors influence it? |
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Definition
The level of dissonance (discomfort)
Degree of importance-the source is important to you so it create dissonance (discomfort)
Dissonance Ratio- How many dissonant cognition's to how many Consonant cognition's you have.
Rationale- the more reason one has to account for discrepancy the less dissonance one will feel |
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Term
| What are the three ways to cope with dissonance? |
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Definition
1. Add or subtract cognitions
2. Reduce the important of the dissonant cognitions
3.Distort the information |
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Term
| What are the four ways people can avoid dissonance ? |
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Definition
1.Selective Exposure- Expose yourself to consonance (positive
2. Selective Attention- Paying attention to information that is consonant with your beliefs and actions
3. Selective Interpretation- How you understand something (more consonance)
4.Selective Retention-Remembering things that are dissonant to bring consonant (being dumped) |
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Term
| What does group think tell us about human communication? |
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Definition
| When a highly cohesive task oriented groups favor the harmony of the group over quality decision making |
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Term
| The three antecedents of group think? |
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Definition
Group Cohesiveness
Structural Factors
Group Stress |
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Term
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Definition
Desireable + Dangerous (good but bad)
Pressure (making decisions) |
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Term
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Definition
Insulation, Frequently
Lack of Impartial Leadership
-when groups are led by individuals who put their personal agenda first
No decision making rules
Homogeneity
-same |
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Term
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Definition
Internal + External (Stress)
Moral Support as approval |
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Term
| Three Symptoms of groupthink? |
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Definition
Over Estimation
Close mindedness
Pressure toward Uniformity |
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Term
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Definition
Illusions of invulnerability (invincible)
Inherent Morality (being right) |
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Term
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Definition
Ignore External Warnings (Warnings outside the group)
Out group stereotypes(people outside the group)
s |
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Term
| Pressure Toward Uniformity |
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Definition
Self censorship (2nd guess own idea)
Illusion Unanimity (Not speaking up)
Self appointed mind guard (stirs the group in the way the want the group to go)
Pressure of Dissenter (Disagrees w/ what the majority believes |
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Term
| What are the four ways of combating group think? |
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Definition
Devils Adovcate (Challenging any idea to make it stronger)
Establish Oversight and Control ( A point a leader)
Embrace Whistle Blowing (calling attention to something wrong)
Balance Consensus +Majority Rule ( Everyone has to agree, and Every and Half plus one) |
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Term
| What does Dramatism tell us about human communication? |
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Definition
| Life is a drama and purging guilt (getting rid of it) is the ultimate motive and rhetors (public discourse) can be successful When they provide their audiences a means for purging guilt |
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Term
| What is rhetoric and Why does it happen? |
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Definition
| Public Discourse (anything that is communicated in public) Motion is the driving force, Action done for some other reason to stay alive |
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Term
| Whats the difference between Aristotle and Burke? |
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Definition
| Aristotle focuses on persuasion his way is (old) Burke focuses on identification (new) |
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Term
| What are the five Major Elements of the Pentad |
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Definition
Agent (Who)
Act (What)
Agency (How)
Scene (Where)
Purpose (Why) |
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Term
| What is substance, division, con substantial and identification |
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Definition
| Substance is the general nature of something, Con substantial (Identification( Division (When our substances doesn't overlap |
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Term
| How does the guilt and redemption process work? |
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Definition
Order of Hierarchy
Scapegoat(blame someone)
Mortifaction (taking the blame)
Redemption (creates a new order) |
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Term
| What are terministic screens and what do they tell us about rhetoric ? |
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Definition
| Occurs when we are unable to see how things are talked about in public discourse (stopping point) |
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