Term
| What specific ways was trade significant? (eight) |
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Definition
1. It spread stuff.
2. Connected far-flung groups.
3. Motivated state creation and development (and taxes)
4. Encouraged social mobility
5. Provided prestige goods for the elite.
6. Development of a merchant class.
7. It diminished self-sufficiency
8. It altered diets and eating plans. |
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Term
| How do inner and outer EurAsia differ ecologically? |
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Definition
| Outer Eurasia is warm, moist and good for agriculture. Inner Eurasia is colder, drier, and not very good for agriculture. Outer Eurasian people traded agricultural and manufactured goods for inner Eurasian stuff. |
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Term
| Under what political conditions do trading networks usually prosper and why? |
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Definition
| Powerful centralized states tended to encourage trade. Why? For security, infrastructure and efficient administration. |
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Term
| Explain the name "silk road." |
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Definition
| Silk was a very, very popular product and it symbolized the exchange system as a whole, and when people started making their own silk, it hurt the Chinese monopoly on silk. |
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Term
| Why did Buddhism appeal to Indian merchants particularly? |
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Definition
| It offered a higher status versus the caste system. |
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Term
| Why did Buddhism spread among the merchants of central Asia? (two things) |
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Definition
1. It was a link to richer, more prosperous merchants.
2. It allowed religious meritocracy, which was good for salvation. |
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Term
| Why did Buddhism not spread so readily among pastoralists? |
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Definition
| There was an absence of written language, and they could not build monasteries. |
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Term
| How did Buddhism change as it spread? |
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Definition
| The doctrines changed. Originally, it was mahayana Buddhism, then it became theravada Buddhism. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is the remnants of Hellenism, and it is syncretism of Buddhism and Greek religion. |
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Term
| What was so disastrous about the black plague? |
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Definition
| It killed almost 2/3 of the Eurasian population. |
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Term
| How did trade occur considering regions? |
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Definition
| Trade occurred between cities, not countries. and linked those who traded together. |
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Term
| What two factors led to the flourishing of Indian Ocean commerce between 500 and 1500 CE? |
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Definition
1. the economic and political revival of China.
2. the rise of Islam. |
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Term
| Why was Indian Ocean trade so important for Southeast Asia? |
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Definition
Simulated political change
1. Greater centralization
2. RISE OF THE MERCHANT CLASS
3. Wealth
4. The introduction of foreign religious ideas. |
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Term
| Why was Southeast Asia so important for Indian Ocean trade? |
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Definition
| Goods and small ports competed for trade. |
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Term
| What was srivijava like, and how/why did it develop as a major trade center? |
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Definition
| Main product was gold. They had access to spices, taxes were important, the choke point was at the strait of Malacca. It was the cultural syncretism of local beliefs and Buddhist concepts. |
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Term
| Where did sailendras get its major influence? |
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Definition
| From India. It got both Hinduism and Buddhism concepts from India. |
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Term
| Swahili civilization was a blend of what two groups? |
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Definition
| Bantu and Islamic culture. |
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Term
| What was Swahili civilization like? (5 things) |
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Definition
1. Early trade with classical civilizations of interior goods.
2. They spoke bantu languages.
3. They wrote in Arabic script.
4. They had city-states ruled by monarchs
5. Development of merchant class. |
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Term
| What religion and culture influenced Swahili culture most and what evidence do you have of this? |
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Definition
| Arabic/Islam culture. Evidence: They wrote in Arabic script and were Muslims. |
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Term
| What was the relationship between the coastal Swahili cities and the interior? |
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Definition
| Swahili city-states were intermediators between Indian Ocean trade and interior. |
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Term
| What was the main product of Great Zimbabwe? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was long distance trade primarily based on? |
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Definition
| Desire for goods from somebody else who has what you do not. Note: people who live in an environment different from yours will have different goods and therefore you are more likely to trade with them. |
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Term
| What did north Africa specialize in? |
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Definition
| Manufactured goods such as glass and cloth. |
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Term
| What did the Sahara primarily specialize in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did West Africa primarily specialize in? |
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Definition
| GOLD, ivory, slaves, and Kola nuts |
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Term
| Why did trade increase between 300-400 BCE? |
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Definition
| they started to use camels |
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Term
| how did the trans-sahara trade effect politics? (4) |
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Definition
1. there were new, more centralized states
2. ruled by monarchs
3. organized into city states
4. seen as very wealthy by others because they had so much gold |
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Term
| What was a major development the occured due to the trans-sahara trade? |
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Definition
| development of the merchant class |
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