Term
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Definition
- many social institutions have been invented by humans to cope with all of the challenges of life
-the pervasiveness of these institutions is implied by a look at how typical people spend their time in cultures of the world
- focus on the major SI that are responsible for our growth and development as human beings, those that greatly influcence our lives and we spend much of our time |
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Term
| types of social institutions |
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Definition
1. Family
2. educational institutions
3. religion
4. political institutions |
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Term
| family (social institution) |
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Definition
-in a general sense, defined as two or more persons who are linked by marriage or descent and who engage in common activities
-family and the institution of marriage exist in every known human society (even if form may vary from society to society)
-family is the group to which an individual belongs for a lifetime and cannont easily withdraw |
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Term
| longest standing definition of the family |
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Definition
characterizes the family as a social group with a common residence, economic cooperation, and the management of reproducing its kind. includes two adults of both sexes with atleast two practicing a socially acceptable sexual children, plus children
- all members of this family relationship recognizes certain rights and obligations toward one another |
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Term
| Diverse definitions of marriage |
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Definition
**marriage is distinct from family**
1. marriage as a lawful relationship between a man and woman
2. marriage as a lawful relationship between a man and several women.
3. woman married to a man may also marry a woman to help with chores
4. marriages men to men and women to women
5. a women can marry a woman when her father only has daughters (the female husband asks a man to father their children)
6. cheyenne warriors were permitted to marry male transvestites as a second wife |
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Term
| different forms of family |
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Definition
1. nuclear family: smallest- married couple and children
2. extended family: when relatives outside nuclear family share same household
** these differ from society to society |
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Term
| United state family patterns |
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Definition
1. primary (1. nuclear (two adults no children) 2. single nuclear (2 adults and their children) 3. attenuated nuclear (one parent providing for children))
2. extended: consists of married couples with no children of their own- surrogat parents
3. augmented family: nonrelated persons such as roomers etc |
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Term
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Definition
incest taboo is common denominatior in all cultures and is an unwritten rule that says with whom we may have sexual relationships and with whom we may not.
taboo is everywhere but no firm reason that accounts for its origin
-instead of being tied socially and emotionally to only a few members of a group, everybody becomes part of a larger social structure- nid social structure together |
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Term
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Definition
-in many cultures, patriarchal families represent the universal practice that men dominate and exert influence
-this is not always true. MATRIARCHAL SOCIETIES
- US- more mutual |
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Term
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Definition
the incest taboo regulates sexual relations, requiring sexual partners to come from outside of the family
*the family provides legitimacy for children (social status)
*provides their members with intimacy and social support (feeding, clothing)
*the family serves as an agency of motivation and training, the source of the earliest speech education |
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Term
| family functions are changing |
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Definition
| in industrial societies, other institutions have assumed responsibility for many tasks, that are traditionally family obligations: such as social welfare, schools as training for values, afterschool child care |
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Term
| families and challenges for communication processes |
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Definition
-families influence with whome we build what kind of relationship (everybody was taught by parents appropriate behavior)
-learned comm patterns and gender roles are the most influential aspects on individuals comm behavior. |
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Term
| religion (social institution) |
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Definition
-a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things, which unites all those who adhere to them into one single moral community called a church
-Sacred things represent the central features of religion and are extrahuman and mysterious
- the most likely reason for existence of religion is that humans have always felt need to explain mysteries of human life |
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Term
| 3 types of modern religions |
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Definition
1. monotheism (one god)
2. polytheism (many gods each different aspect)
3. abstract (true enlightenment (Buddhism) |
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Term
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Definition
-provides people with shared views of the world
-individuals recieve set of answers for questions regarding life
-social support helpful in times of tradedies
-can help to allay peoples fear of death |
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Term
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Definition
-separation of church and state in the US
-discrimination based on religion is intolerable in US
-other countries, no distinction between state, business life, and religion |
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Term
| religion and challenges for communication processes |
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Definition
-relgion and peoples interpretation of that religion may determine which communication partners are accepted and who is not (even tho religion does not state to exclude others)
-claim of religions answering questions cause skepticism toward other religions
-peoples desire to emphasize relgious affiliation may lead to distrust |
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