Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Comm 110
Midterm
103
English
Undergraduate 1
02/28/2011

Additional English Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Johari Window
Definition
helps us understand the relationship between who we are and what we share with others 
Term

action model

 

Definition
one speaker, one listener, one channel (worst)
Term
attitudes
Definition
describes how your audience feels about your topic 
Term
audience analysis 
Definition
is the process by which we gather and analyze information about our listeners and adept our message to their knowledge, interests, attitudes, and beliefs
Term
audience based apprehension 
Definition
occurs when you are anxious because of the individuals with whom you are communicating 
Term
audience demographics
Definition
includes a number of general characteristics including: age, sex, gender, income, occupations religion, education etc.. 
Term
beliefs 
Definition
are statements that your audience holds to be true 
Term
blind
Definition

what others see in you but you do not 

ex. people see you as a hard worker and you do not

Term
brainstorming
Definition
generate ideas give yourself 5 to 15 minutes 
Term
captive audience 
Definition
is required to attend a presentation and may not have an inherent reason for listening to a speech 
Term
channel
Definition

the line of communication

ex. phone, email, text

Term
childhood reinforcement 
Definition
fear due to an event in your past
Term
citizen of democracy 
Definition
better communicator and public speaker means have the tools to become more informed 
Term
classroom code of conduct
Definition

doing a good job on speech day

ex. on time, pay attention ect. 

Term
closed question
Definition
give them an option between yes/no
Term
closure 
Definition
tendency to fill in missing information in order to make sense of and draw conclusions from the available data
Term
cognitive restructuring
Definition
focus on good things and restructure your bad thoughts
Term
commemorative speech 
Definition
are typically presented as part of celebrations of anniversaries, national holidays, or important dates
Term
communication apprehension 
Definition
is defined as "an individual's fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with others" 
Term
communication process
Definition
composed of several elements we can identify that are necessary for any communication event
Term
competent communication 
Definition
knowledge, skill, motivation, and judgement 
Term
concept mapping
Definition
demonstrates this process by narrowing the topic of communication apprehension 
Term
confirmation bias 
Definition
plays a role in public speaking
Term
context
Definition
tend to make sense of our perceptions by examining the situation around them 
Term
context based apprehension 
Definition
causes us to be anxious in certain settings such as one on ones, group, meetings etc
Term
context 
Definition
time of day, location, or social situation all provide context 
Term
credo 
Definition
code of ethics to guide our communication behaviors
Term
critical thinking
Definition
ability to defer judgement till you have seen enough information 
Term
current situation
Definition
social climate, or thing that happen both before and after an event 
Term
dialogical perspective 
Definition
interactions between people should promote the development of self, personality, and knowledge
Term
entertainment speeches
Definition
are designed to make an important point in a creative or humorous way 
Term
ethical communication 
Definition
results when we apply ethical standards to the messages we produce and consume
Term
ethical norm
Definition
your rules of behavior
Term
ethical standards 
Definition
what we should say legally and morally
Term
ethics
Definition
are a set of standards that offer guidance about the choices we make 
Term
external communication
Definition
can be static or noise that distracts the listener from the message
Term
external effects 
Definition
stem from behavioral issues such as avoidance or disfluency 
Term
feedback
Definition
very important part and involves the speaker and listener simultaneously 
Term
figure/ground
Definition

whats in the foreground(figure)  or background(ground)

ex. see tree or forest

Term
frame of reference
Definition
is composed of personal experiences, goals, values, attitudes, knowledge, beliefs, age, gender, culture, and so forth 
Term
frame of reference 
Definition
our encounters and interest and attitudes
Term
frame of reference 
Definition
past events that give us a frame 
Term
general-purpose statements 
Definition
contain the overall intent of the message
Term
grouping 
Definition
occurs when event are either close together(proximal) or alike (similar)
Term
hereditary 
Definition
may be born with an enduring personality trait that causes them to be apprehensive 
Term
hidden
Definition

what you know about your self and other do no known 

ex. envious of new friends car

Term
human perspective 
Definition
we have responsibility to ourselves and to others to be open, gentle, compassionate, and critically reflective of our choices 
Term
information literacy
Definition
ability to find appropriate sources, analyze material, evaluate the credibility, and use it right 
Term
informative speech
Definition
you serve the role of the teacher 
Term
intentional plagiarism 
Definition

global level- taking entire passages of speech

partial level- using key words and phrases within your own speech

Term
interaction model 
Definition
one speaker, one listener, one channel, one feedback (okay)
Term
interference
Definition
is anything that gets in the way of shared meaning between the speaker and the listener 
Term
internal communication 
Definition

things that effect the person from the inside 

ex. little sleep, nervous for a test

Term
internal effects 
Definition
stem from psychological issues and cause you to get physically ill 
Term
interpretation 
Definition
events according to closure, context, and the components involved in interpretation
Term
interviewing
Definition
this occurs when audience members are asked about their knowledge, interests, and attitudes toward a topic
Term
media literacy 
Definition
focus on particular sources of information available to you and requires the application of the same
Term
natural nervous 
Definition
provides the speaker with the necessary energy to give successful presentations 
Term
nonverbal messges
Definition
the cues are body gives that may help or betray are verbal message
Term
open
Definition

knows to all

ex. if short or tall

Term
open questions
Definition
allows the interviewee to respond in depth
Term
organize 
Definition
or make sense of what is happening
Term
past experience 
Definition
past events affect your perceptions 
Term
people
Definition
involved in interactions
Term
perceptual filters
Definition
our frame of reference causes us to create this
Term
personal inventory 
Definition
things that interest you
Term
persuasive speech 
Definition
the speaker serves as an advocate, choose a controversial topic in some way and attempt to influence your audience attitudes 
Term
physical characteristics 
Definition

what you perceive because of your physical characteristics 

ex. see dust if in a short persons house

Term
plagiarism
Definition
present someone else's work
Term
political perspective 
Definition
helps us to understand ethical practices based on a value system 
Term
process of perception
Definition
process by which we select, organize, and interpret the world around us
Term
proximity 
Definition

see things grouped together 

ex. see three groups of lines or nine lines

Term
public speaking anxiety 
Definition

website about personal reports

 

Term
questionnaire
Definition
give them a paper where they answer simple questions like gender age sex religion etc
Term
scale or contiuum
Definition
where they would answer a question on a scale 1-5
Term
select
Definition
make decision on what to pick
Term
selective perception 
Definition
the tendency to see, hear, and believe only what you want to see, hear, and believe 
Term
selective retention
Definition
refers to the tendency to remember only those things that confirm our beliefs 
Term
self- concept or self- appraisal 
Definition
how you feel about yourself
Term
self-concept 
Definition
is comprised by your self-image and self-estem 
Term
self-esteem 
Definition

how you feel about yourself

ex. are you okay with being short

Term
self-fulfilling prophecy 
Definition
happens when we tend to live up to the expectations of others have for us
Term
self-image 
Definition
how you describe yourself
Term
self-ware
Definition
self evaluating your strengths and weaknesses 
Term
significant topics 
Definition
allows you to contribute information that your audience would not have known
Term
similarity 
Definition
events that resemble each other by size, color, or shape 
Term
situation based apprehension 
Definition
anxious because of a particular event at the time 
Term
situational perspective 
Definition
takes into account the context of the communication event
Term
skill training
Definition
learning about the steps necessary to plan and present a public speech 
Term
skills deficit 
Definition
fearful because you don't have the proper skills
Term
speaking situation 
Definition
will provide you even more specific information about how to adapt your topic to your audience 
Term
specific-purpose statement
Definition
should focus on one aspect of the topics 
Term
subjective 
Definition
based on what we deem to be important or outstanding
Term
systematic desensitization 
Definition

formal term to learning how to relax by using a number of strategies

ex. muscle relax, listen to music 

Term
thesis statement 
Definition
is a clear and concise sentence that provides an overview of your entire presentation 
Term
trait-like communication apprehension 
Definition
results in most people being anxious in most situation 
Term
transaction model 
Definition
like our class, lots of listeners, talkers, and feedback 
Term
unintentional plagiarism
Definition
neglected to take careful notes or fail to cite sources 
Term
unknown
Definition
things you do not known about yourself and others do not known 
Term
values
Definition
are extent to which audience members attach important or worth to those beliefs
Term
verbal messages
Definition
involve words 
Term
visulatiation
Definition
visualize yourself giving a good speech 
Term
voluntary audience 
Definition
attends a presentation with a particular interest in doing so 
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