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helps us understand the relationship between who we are and what we share with others |
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one speaker, one listener, one channel (worst) |
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describes how your audience feels about your topic |
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is the process by which we gather and analyze information about our listeners and adept our message to their knowledge, interests, attitudes, and beliefs |
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audience based apprehension |
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occurs when you are anxious because of the individuals with whom you are communicating |
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includes a number of general characteristics including: age, sex, gender, income, occupations religion, education etc.. |
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are statements that your audience holds to be true |
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what others see in you but you do not
ex. people see you as a hard worker and you do not |
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generate ideas give yourself 5 to 15 minutes |
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is required to attend a presentation and may not have an inherent reason for listening to a speech |
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the line of communication
ex. phone, email, text |
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fear due to an event in your past |
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better communicator and public speaker means have the tools to become more informed |
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classroom code of conduct |
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doing a good job on speech day
ex. on time, pay attention ect. |
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give them an option between yes/no |
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tendency to fill in missing information in order to make sense of and draw conclusions from the available data |
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focus on good things and restructure your bad thoughts |
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are typically presented as part of celebrations of anniversaries, national holidays, or important dates |
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communication apprehension |
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is defined as "an individual's fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with others" |
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composed of several elements we can identify that are necessary for any communication event |
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knowledge, skill, motivation, and judgement |
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demonstrates this process by narrowing the topic of communication apprehension |
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plays a role in public speaking |
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tend to make sense of our perceptions by examining the situation around them |
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context based apprehension |
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causes us to be anxious in certain settings such as one on ones, group, meetings etc |
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time of day, location, or social situation all provide context |
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code of ethics to guide our communication behaviors |
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ability to defer judgement till you have seen enough information |
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social climate, or thing that happen both before and after an event |
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interactions between people should promote the development of self, personality, and knowledge |
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are designed to make an important point in a creative or humorous way |
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results when we apply ethical standards to the messages we produce and consume |
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what we should say legally and morally |
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are a set of standards that offer guidance about the choices we make |
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can be static or noise that distracts the listener from the message |
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stem from behavioral issues such as avoidance or disfluency |
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very important part and involves the speaker and listener simultaneously |
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whats in the foreground(figure) or background(ground)
ex. see tree or forest |
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is composed of personal experiences, goals, values, attitudes, knowledge, beliefs, age, gender, culture, and so forth |
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our encounters and interest and attitudes |
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past events that give us a frame |
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general-purpose statements |
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contain the overall intent of the message |
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occurs when event are either close together(proximal) or alike (similar) |
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may be born with an enduring personality trait that causes them to be apprehensive |
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what you know about your self and other do no known
ex. envious of new friends car |
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we have responsibility to ourselves and to others to be open, gentle, compassionate, and critically reflective of our choices |
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ability to find appropriate sources, analyze material, evaluate the credibility, and use it right |
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you serve the role of the teacher |
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global level- taking entire passages of speech
partial level- using key words and phrases within your own speech |
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one speaker, one listener, one channel, one feedback (okay) |
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is anything that gets in the way of shared meaning between the speaker and the listener |
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things that effect the person from the inside
ex. little sleep, nervous for a test |
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stem from psychological issues and cause you to get physically ill |
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events according to closure, context, and the components involved in interpretation |
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this occurs when audience members are asked about their knowledge, interests, and attitudes toward a topic |
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focus on particular sources of information available to you and requires the application of the same |
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provides the speaker with the necessary energy to give successful presentations |
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the cues are body gives that may help or betray are verbal message |
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knows to all
ex. if short or tall |
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allows the interviewee to respond in depth |
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or make sense of what is happening |
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past events affect your perceptions |
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our frame of reference causes us to create this |
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the speaker serves as an advocate, choose a controversial topic in some way and attempt to influence your audience attitudes |
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what you perceive because of your physical characteristics
ex. see dust if in a short persons house |
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present someone else's work |
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helps us to understand ethical practices based on a value system |
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process by which we select, organize, and interpret the world around us |
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see things grouped together
ex. see three groups of lines or nine lines |
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website about personal reports
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give them a paper where they answer simple questions like gender age sex religion etc |
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where they would answer a question on a scale 1-5 |
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make decision on what to pick |
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the tendency to see, hear, and believe only what you want to see, hear, and believe |
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refers to the tendency to remember only those things that confirm our beliefs |
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self- concept or self- appraisal |
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how you feel about yourself |
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is comprised by your self-image and self-estem |
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how you feel about yourself
ex. are you okay with being short |
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happens when we tend to live up to the expectations of others have for us |
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how you describe yourself |
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self evaluating your strengths and weaknesses |
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allows you to contribute information that your audience would not have known |
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events that resemble each other by size, color, or shape |
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situation based apprehension |
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anxious because of a particular event at the time |
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takes into account the context of the communication event |
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learning about the steps necessary to plan and present a public speech |
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fearful because you don't have the proper skills |
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will provide you even more specific information about how to adapt your topic to your audience |
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specific-purpose statement |
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should focus on one aspect of the topics |
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based on what we deem to be important or outstanding |
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systematic desensitization |
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formal term to learning how to relax by using a number of strategies
ex. muscle relax, listen to music |
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is a clear and concise sentence that provides an overview of your entire presentation |
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trait-like communication apprehension |
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results in most people being anxious in most situation |
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like our class, lots of listeners, talkers, and feedback |
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neglected to take careful notes or fail to cite sources |
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things you do not known about yourself and others do not known |
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are extent to which audience members attach important or worth to those beliefs |
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visualize yourself giving a good speech |
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attends a presentation with a particular interest in doing so |
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