Term
|
Definition
| the activity of conducting intellectual investigations into the observable world |
|
|
Term
| Why is research conducted? |
|
Definition
-to find truth that others depend on
-to arrive at truth
-to understand human beings
-to solve/figure out problems
-to prevent failure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tenacity: experience; how it has always been done
Authority: trusting someone who knows better than you
Intuition: feeling like something is right |
|
|
Term
| Skills gained from learning research |
|
Definition
-ability to work in a team structure
-ability to make decisions and solve problems
-ability to analyze quantitative data |
|
|
Term
| Why are research skills critical for jobs? |
|
Definition
| Each job requires you to depend on data and research to make decisions within your field |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| theory about theory; allows us to understand the philosophy that drives decisions about research methods |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the nature of reality; what is truth? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the nature of knowledge; what do we know, how do we know it? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of values; what do we value? |
|
|
Term
| 3 sub-studies of metatheory |
|
Definition
-Ontology
-Epistemology
-Axiology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explaining through science |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| explaining through interpretation of participants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| studies to empower the powerless |
|
|
Term
| Positivism - Metatheoretical assumptions |
|
Definition
-Ontology: reality is orderly, fixed, and measurable
-Epistemology: we can know and study objective reality
-Axiology: research should be objective and unbiased; researchers are authorities and experts |
|
|
Term
| Interpretivist - Metatheoretical assumptions |
|
Definition
-Ontology: reality is subjective; it is orderly and chaotic
-Epistemology: we can know and study subjective reality as it is constructed, mediated, and biased
-Axiology: research where all participants are equal authorities and in which all perspectives are represented without active bias |
|
|
Term
| Critical - Metatheoretical assumptions |
|
Definition
-Ontology: may believe reality is orderly, measurable, and objective or that it is subjective
-Epistemology: we can know and study reality that is either subjective or objective
-Axiology: we value research that includes marginalized voices; we value research in which the researcher shares power with participants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conducted for a specific audience and is not shared beyond the intended audience ex. corporations or businesesses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| conducted to contribute to generalizable knowledge for public consumption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Impressionist
-Inductive
-Goal is to discover, represent different world views, create knowledge and meaning, understand what is going on
-assumes that reality is constructed through interaction
-knowledge is created
-purpose to understand
-appropriate when wanting to know a lot about a small topic where not much is known |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-realist
-deductive
-goal is to explain, predict, and control, and to explain objective reality
-assumes that reality is objective and measurable
-believes knowledge is found and received
-purpose to measure relationships among variables, test hypotheses, predict and control
-appropriate when wanting to know something about a lot of people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-So what question?
-Is it doable |
|
|
Term
| Order of a scholarly research paper |
|
Definition
Abstract
Introduction
Lit Review
Methods
References |
|
|
Term
| Research Paper - Abstract |
|
Definition
| To summarize the purpose of your study, your methods, and your findings |
|
|
Term
| Research Paper - Introduction |
|
Definition
| Address the problem, why it matters, and your major variables |
|
|
Term
| Research Paper - Literature Review |
|
Definition
| Provide background info, summarize what is already known about your variables, share your theory and solutions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Study design, population/sample, investigative techniques, instrumentation, data analysis, ethical considerations |
|
|
Term
| Research Paper - References |
|
Definition
| Cite your sources, give credit, prevent plagiarizing |
|
|
Term
| Why conduct library research? |
|
Definition
-to determine what is already known
-to define the problem and formulate solutions
-to plan the collection of primary data
-to define the population/select sample
-to supply background info |
|
|
Term
| Primary vs Secondary Research |
|
Definition
Primary: research that produces original data
Secondary: research that has been previously collected or conducted |
|
|
Term
| What makes a source scholarly? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| list of separate summaries of various sources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-places research in the context of current and past studies
-helps decide what design and methodology you should use based on what worked/didn't for others
-helps you to argue your research |
|
|
Term
| 3 ways of organizing a lit review |
|
Definition
Topical
Chronologically
Comparatively |
|
|
Term
| Objective of McGraw Humor Article |
|
Definition
| to explore how tragedy and closeness to the tragedy affects humor |
|
|
Term
| How does the Stafford article argue that their study is needed? |
|
Definition
| uses quotes about humor and tragedy by Mark Twain and Mel Brooks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| derived from the greek ethos which means character |
|
|
Term
| Importance of informed consent |
|
Definition
| to ensure no harm is being done to the subjects during research |
|
|
Term
| Why can't anonymity be promised in research? |
|
Definition
| because even anonymous surveys are taken from a sample group that isn't anonymous, for example a certain location, age group, etc... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Ethical research of covert research
-Misinterpretation of results
-Divided values in research
-Informed consent |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why must RQs be identified before completing studies? |
|
Definition
-to ensure that the study is doable
-to provide a clear purpose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Simple
-Observable
-Testable
-Consistent with lit review
-Sufficient scope/depth
-Important |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| questions scholars ask about the way things work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
RQ = exploratory, early investigation
Hypothesis = prediction/declarative |
|
|
Term
| Directional vs Non-Directional Hypothesis |
|
Definition
Directional: more specific about where you want the hypothesis to go (ex. People from the south speak slower than people from the north)
Non-Directional: result could occur on either end, doesn't specify exact result (ex. people from the north and south speak differently) |
|
|
Term
| Relational vs Casual Hypothesis |
|
Definition
Relational: implies that where one variable is found the other will be too
Casual: implies that one variable causes a change in the other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a factor that is liable to vary or change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the variable that causes or determines the value of another variable (input) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the variable that is assumed to depend on or be cause by another variable (output) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an extraneous variable that muddles the relationship between the independent and dependent variable |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to produce the same results if replicated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the accuracy of a measure in terms of measuring intended observations/constructs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the avatar study; was not valid because it didn't really measure what it said it was going to measure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the believability of the research to the reader |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a fluctuation in measurement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| reliability method in which the same measure is give to the same people at two different times |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Measures reliability
0.8-0.9 = really good
0.6-0.7 = okay
0.5 and lower = bad |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| consideration in which measure or procedures are looked at and questioned if they make sense at face value |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| represents all aspects of social construct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| participants answer questions how they think they should answer them |
|
|
Term
| Ways to test credibility of qualitative studies |
|
Definition
-Member Checks
-Data Triabgulation
-Credible Data Gathering, Coding, and Writing
-Peer Reviews |
|
|
Term
| Traditional Characteristics of Humanistic (Interpretivist) Research |
|
Definition
-Not scientific
-Is interpretive or critical in its approach; primarily critical
-Studying individual cases (not generalizing)
-Dismisses natural laws
-Views humans as choice making
-Says that scholarship is value conscious (researchers cannot eliminate bias; always interpreting messages, meaning, and value of messages) |
|
|
Term
| History of Humanistic Research |
|
Definition
-Post modernism: going away from science, questioning everything you know
-Early focus on speeches; Plato/Aristotle, are we just public speaking? first communication theory |
|
|
Term
| Traditional Characteristics of Quantitative Social Scientific Research |
|
Definition
-Translate human behavior into numerical terms (eharmony)
-Absolute truth
-Perform statistical analysis (surveys, polls)
-More predictions about and explanations for human behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inter-item
Split-half
Alternate Forms |
|
|
