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Cold War Vocabulary
Cold War Vocabulary
33
History
9th Grade
04/11/2011

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Term
Arms Race
Definition

A competition between nations to expand their stock pile of weapons and armaments in order to gain a military superiority over other nations.

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Term
Satellite Nation
Definition
A country dominated politically and economically by another nation, especially by the Soviet Union during the cold war.
Term
Super Power
Definition
A country which has the ability to influence events and its own interests and project power on a worldwide scale to protect those interests.
Term
Iron Curtain
Definition
A statement made by Winston Churchill describing the "boundary" that divided Soviet-dominated Eastern Europe (Communism)from Western European nations (Capitalism)not under Soviet domination.
Term
Domino Theory
Definition

A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.

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Term
CIA
Definition
Central Intelligence Agency used spies, carried out covert, or secret operations or
overthrow governments unfriendly to the U.S.
Term
38th Parallel
Definition

Divided Korea after WW2. North of the parallel was led by Kim Il Sung and controlled by Communists. South of the parallel was led by Syngman Rhee and controlled by democrats.

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Term
Black List
Definition
Hollywood executives created a list of people whom they condemned for
having a Communist background.
Term
H-Bomb
Definition

Hydrogen Bomb. Exploded first by the U.S. on Nov. 1, 1952. The Soviet Union exploded their thermonuclear device in August of 1953

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Term
Marshall Plan
Definition
IN June 1947, Sec. of State George Marshall proposed to give money to European
countries who needed to rebuild after WW2. It gave 13 billion in aid to
European countries.
Term
United Nations
Definition
In April 1945, organization intended to promote world peace. Eleanor Roosevelt helps
draft U.N. Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
Term
Yalta Conference
Definition
In February 1945, FDR, Churchill and Stalin met in the Soviet Union. They agreed to
divide up Germany and Stalin promised free elections in Soviet
occupied Eastern European nations. Stalin also agreed to join the
war against Japan and participate in the United Nations
Term
Containment
Definition

In February 1946 begins the policy to stop the spread of communism. A US foreign policy during the Cold War.

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Term
Potsdam Conference
Definition
In July 1945, Harry Truman and Clement Atlee met Joseph Stalin to determine the fate of Eastern Europe. Germany was divided into 4 zones, the U.S. wanted access to markets in Europe and the Soviets wanted control over Eastern Europe. Stalin prevents free elections in Poland and Eastern Europe.
Term
Warsaw Pact
Definition
Military alliance between the Soviet Union and nations of Eastern Europe, formed in 1955.
Term
NATO
Definition
North Atlantic Treaty Organization; On April 4, 1949 12 members pledged military support to
one another in case of attack. United States was a member.
Term
Sputnik
Definition

October 4, 1957 Soviet Union lauched the world’s first artificial satellite Sputnik. In January of 1958 the U.S. launched its first satellite.

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Term
Truman Doctrine
Definition
On March 12, 1947 the U.S. gave 400 million to Greece and Turkey to prevent the spread of Communism.
Term
Red Scare
Definition
Red Scare was focused on national and foreign communists influencing the federal government.
Term
Senator Joe McCarthy
Definition
Republican Senator from Wisconsin who made unsupported
accusations against government officials of being Communist and promoting the Red Scare.
Term
Berlin Blockade
Definition
Starting on June 1948 - Stalin closed all high way and rail routes into W. Berlin.
(5 weeks of food and fuel)
Term
KGB
Definition
The national security agency of the Soviet Union from 1954 until 1991, and its premier internal security, intelligence, and secret police organization during that time.
Term
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
Definition
They were American communists who were executed in 1953 for conspiracy to commit espionage during a time of war. The charges related to passing information about the atomic bomb to the Soviet Union. This was the first execution of civilians for espionage in United States history.
Term
Berlin Airlift
Definition
Truman sent food and supplies to West Berlin to prevent the spread of
Communism. 327 days 2.3 million tons of supplies were dropped in
W. Berlin. On May 29th, 1949 the Soviet Union lifted its blockade.
Term
Cold War
Definition
a conflict between U.S. and Soviet Union in which neither nation directly
confronted the other on the battlefield.
Term
Mao Tse-tung
Definition
led communist party in China. Gained the support of peasants. Set up the
People’s Republic of China in 1949
Term
Brinkmanship
Definition
the willingness of the U.S. under Eisenhower to go to the edge of all-out
War.
Term
Germany and Berlin Zones
Definition
American, British, French and Soviets each occupied an area of Germany.[image]
Term
Korean War
Definition
A military conflict dividing Korea at the 38th parallel between the Communists and Capitalists.
Term
Space Race
Definition
A competition between the Soviet Union and the United States to see who would be the leader in outer space exploration.
Term
Democracy
Definition
A form of government in which all citizens have an equal say in the decisions that affect their lives.
Term
Communism
Definition
An economy that aims for a classless and stateless society structured upon common ownership of production and the end of wage labour and private property.
Term
Capitalism
Definition
An economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit.
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