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| information processing approach |
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| organisms ability to perceive, comprehend, learn, decide, act depends on mental representations |
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| unobservable internal code for info |
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| cognitive operations occur one at a time in series |
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| refers to cases in which cognitive operations occur simultaneously in parallel |
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| perception, memory, output(motor) |
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| organization of the minds information processing components and systems |
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| specialized for a particular function such as perceiving faces |
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| assume that the mind is built like a digital computer |
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| comprise an alternative class of cognitive architecture |
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| basic capacity for raw sensations, feelings, or subjective experience |
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| cerebral cortex (neocortex) |
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| consists of midbrain and hindbrain |
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| what does an ERP measure? |
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| the activation of large #s of neurons in a cortical region |
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| vision without awareness as a result of lesions in the occipital cortex |
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| stimulus can be perceived and understood in terms of its properties but not recognized as a meaningful object |
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| such ready object recognition fails as a result of difficulties in identifying the visual features that define a perceptual categroy |
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| object recognition fails because of difficulties in identifying the functional features that define a semantic category |
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| reduce the need to sample all of the info by providing expectations |
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| analyze the edges, lines, areas of brightness, color and sound |
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| people fail to see large changes in visual scenes |
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| perceiving the features that compose the whole |
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| selective inability to recognize faces that does not involve other kinds of vision difficulties |
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| subtle variations in the acoustic signal are ignored unless they mark a boundary between phenomes |
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| best remporal sensitivity |
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| the lobe of neocortex that lies at the rear base of the brain and processes visual info is the ____ lobe |
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| each time segment of the acoustic signal provides info about the identity of more than one phoneme; phonemes are partly articulated in parallel. this is the concept of ____? |
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| top-down expectations are called ____ driven process |
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| name the 3 stages of processing in the simon effect |
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| encoding, ?, motor output |
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| inability to perceive faces |
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| an attentional filter that operates after sensory processing but prior to meaningful semantic processing |
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| attentional filter that lowers the strength of the sensory signal on the unattended channel |
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| all stimuli are recognized but are narrowed to the most pertinent ones during response preparation |
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| the presentation of a stimulus biasing how a subsequent stimulus is processed |
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| how is mental effort measured? |
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| unintentional, unconcious |
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| disengaging, moving, and reading out the new focus of attention |
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| supervisory attentional system that inhabits inappropriate mental representations or responses and activates appropriate ones |
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| feature integration theory |
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| automatic preattentive processing of features must be followed by controlled attentional processing to bind the features into a whole object |
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| failure to perceive an object that is not attended |
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| unconcious perception without attention |
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| what are the 3 types of memory |
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| sensory, short-term, and long-term |
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| short term is the same as ___? |
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| perceiving, recognizing, and processing an object |
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| searching long-term and finding the event |
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| rapid loss of memory over short periods of time |
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| inability to retrieve info from long-term |
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| confuse event with an actual experience |
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| tendency to become confused in our recollections because of comments made by others about what happened |
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| unwelcome imposition of the past in full detail |
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| if you recalled most items on the list |
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| high level of recall and early output |
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| list of words reveals a serial position effect where the last items are recalled first with the first items |
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| difficulty remembering events occuring after the amnesia |
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| loss of memory of events that occured prior to amnesia |
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| process of successfully storing an event in long-term memory |
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| how much capacity for short term memory |
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| four chunks of info, or 30 secs |
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| info is best remember when it is stored in long-term memory using both verbal and imaginal codes |
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| phonemic similarity effect |
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| high rate of intrusion errors in short-term memory for stimuli that are pronounced alike |
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| past learning interferes with the ability to learn and remember new info |
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| recent learning interferes with the recall of precious learning |
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| items in memory are somehow ordered and examined one at a time |
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| items are examined simultaneously |
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| stops as soon as the item is found |
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| countinues even after the target item is found |
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| the system for temporary maintaining mental representations that are relevant to the performance of a cognitive task in an activated state |
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| interior structure of the brain involved in resolving response conflicts such as in the Stroop task |
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| the ___ memory store has a large capacity and duration of 250 miliseconds for visual information |
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