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Cognition and Mental abilities
terms and defintions
9
Psychology
11th Grade
09/18/2010

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Term
Cognition
Definition
the processes whereby we acquire and use knowledge. 
Term
Phonemes
Definition

the basic sounds that make up a language (meaningless sounds)

eg "th", "t", "k"

Term
Morphemes 
Definition
the smallest meaningful units of speech-simple words or prefix/suffix e.g "un", "pre", "ing"
Term
Sentences
Definition
a group of words that expresses a complete thought. contains at least a subject and a verb. sentences have both surface structure and deep structures.
Term
Surface Structure
Definition
the particular words or phrases used to make up a sentence
Term
Deep structure
Definition
the underlying meaning of a sentence.
Term
Grammar
Definition
the language rules that determine how sounds and words can be combined and used to communicate meaning within a language (for both spoken and signed languages)
Term
Semantics
Definition
System by which we assign meaning to morphemes
Term
syntax
Definition
system of rules that governs how we combine words to form grammatical 
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