Term
Analgesics: NSAIDs
mild to moderate pain |
|
Definition
Celebrex
Advil
Toradol- IV, IM
GI Upset |
|
|
Term
Analgesics: Non-Opioids
mild to moderate pain |
|
Definition
Tylenol
Aspirin
GI Upset, Gastric/esoph bld
Adverse: Ototoxic & Hepatotoxic |
|
|
Term
Analygesics: Opioids
Moderate to severe pain |
|
Definition
Morphine Sulfate (Duramorph)
Meperidine (Demerol)
const, ↓RR, drowsy
W/drawal |
|
|
Term
Analygesics: Opioid Antagonists
Immed onset, ½ life 60-90 min |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Serotonin-Selective
Treat h/a |
|
Definition
Sumatriptan
GI upset, dizzy
Teach stress/comfort |
|
|
Term
Anesthetics: General
Depress cerebral, spinal cord func |
|
Definition
Propofol
Amidate
↓HR, ↓ RR, ↓ BP, malignant hyperthermia |
|
|
Term
Anesthetics: Local
Interferes w/ nerve trans of pain |
|
Definition
Lidocaine
local irritation of skin |
|
|
Term
Barbiturates
Anti-Convulsant Agents |
|
Definition
Phenobarbital
cerebral cortex
↓HR, ↓ RR, ↓ BP, drowsy |
|
|
Term
Benzodiazepines
Anti-Convulsant Agents |
|
Definition
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
nerve cells
↓HR, ↓ RR, ↓ BP, drowsy |
|
|
Term
Succinimides
Anti-Convulsant Agents |
|
Definition
Ethosuxzimide
nerve cells
↓HR, ↓ RR, ↓ BP, drowsy, pink urine |
|
|
Term
Miscellaneous
Anti-Convulsant Agents |
|
Definition
Valporic Acid (Depakote)
nerve cells,↓Na,↓GABA
↓HR, ↓ RR, ↓ BP, drowsy
SIADH, tinnitus |
|
|
Term
Hydantoins
Anti-Convulsant Agents |
|
Definition
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
motor cortex
↓HR, ↓ RR, ↓ BP, drowsy, gingival hyperplasia |
|
|
Term
Iminostilbenes
Anti-Convulsant Agents |
|
Definition
Tegretol
motor cortex
↓HR, ↓ RR, ↓ BP, drowsy |
|
|
Term
Amphetamines
↑dopamine/NE secretion |
|
Definition
Ritalin
Adderall
hyperact, insomn, restless, talkative
Adverse: palpitations, tachycardia
↓ caffeine |
|
|
Term
Anorexiants
↑dopamine/NE secretion,suppress appetite |
|
Definition
Meridia
hyperact, insomn, restless, talkative
Adverse: palpitations, tachycardia
instr re med, diet, & exercise |
|
|
Term
Analeptics
Stimulate CNS control respiration |
|
Definition
Caffeine
hyperact, insomn, restless, talkative
Adverse: palpitations, tachycardia
DO NOT “OVERUSE” |
|
|
Term
Parkinson’s Disease
Dopaminergic Therapy
↑dopamine activity brain |
|
Definition
Carbidopa-levodopa
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (hyperthermia, altered LOC, rigidity, profuse sweating); Monitor BP, RR, (BP↑, RR↓), mental status |
|
|
Term
Alzheimer’s Disease
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
↑ACH cerebral cortex (helps to improve memory) |
|
Definition
Aricept
confusion, ataxia, depr, hostility, abn tkg; Adverse: sz, hepatotoxicity; Monitor BP,mental status, liver function (AST, ALT, SGOT, AlkPhos) |
|
|
Term
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants
↓spasms neuromuscular junc; ↓spasticity after spinal cord injuries, strokes, CP, or MS |
|
Definition
Soma
Flexeril
Valium
Dizzy, drowsy, disoriented
Monitor for severe weakness or numbness in extremities; lg doses may lead to dependency |
|
|
Term
Neuromuscular Blocking Agents
↓ACH neuromuscular junc; block nerve impulse trans to cause paralysis |
|
Definition
Norcuron
Dizzy, drowsy, disoriented |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention |
|
|
Term
Adverse Effects (Extrapyramidal)
Anti-Psychotic Agents |
|
Definition
Akathisia (need to move)
Dystonia (twisting/repetitive movemt)
Drug-induced Parkinsonism
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (unstable BP, ↑T, sweating) |
|
|
Term
Antipsychotic: Phenothiazines
Block dopamine receptors |
|
Definition
Thorazine
Haldol
Anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal adverse effects, monitor WBC |
|
|
Term
Antipsychotic:Atypical Agents
Block dopamine receptors |
|
Definition
Risperdal
Zyprexa
Anticholinergic effects, extrapyramidal adverse effects, monitor WBC |
|
|
Term
| Anti-Depressant Agents: Serotonin-Selective Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)Also used to treat OCD, anxiety disorders, panic disorders, PTSD; ↑NE/serotonin |
|
Definition
Prozac
Zoloft
Paxil
Cymbalta
insomnia, nervousness, takes several wks |
|
|
Term
Anti-Depressant Agents:Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
↑NE/serotonin |
|
Definition
Amitriptyline (Elavil)
drowsy, dizzy, ↓BP, ↑wt, sex dys, anticholinergic SE; takes several wks |
|
|
Term
Anti-Depressant Agents: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)
Inhibit MAO to ↑NE |
|
Definition
Nardil
drowsy, dizzy, ↓BP,↑wt, sex dys, anticholinergic SE; takes several wks; Interacts w/ tyramine (red wines, aged cheese, liver, fava beans, yogurt, choc) |
|
|
Term
Anti-Mania
Normalizes release of NE, dopamine, ACH |
|
Definition
Lithium = 1.0 to 1.5 mEq/L
Toxicity: confusion, lethargy, slurred speech, sz, fine tremor |
|
|
Term
Antianxiety:
Benzodiazepines
Inhibit GABA, which ↓anxiety lvl |
|
Definition
Diazepam, Lorazepam→
Antagonist: Flumazenil
↓RR, ↓HR, ↓BP, drowsy |
|
|
Term
Sedatives:
Barbiturates
Inhibit GABA, which ↓anxiety lvl |
|
Definition
Secobarbital (Seconal)
↓RR, ↓HR, ↓BP, drowsy |
|
|
Term
Sedatives:Nondiazepines/Nonbarbiturate
Binds to GABA receptors to produce CNS depression |
|
Definition
|
|
