Term
| 2 categories of CNS Stimulants |
|
Definition
Sympathomimetic Stimulants
Xanthine Derivatives |
|
|
Term
sympathomimetic stimulants are used for treatment of
1.
2.
3. |
|
Definition
Narcolepsy
ADHD
weight loss |
|
|
Term
| Drugs that are used to treat narcolepsy and ADHD are (5) |
|
Definition
Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine (Adderall)
Dexmethylphenidate (Focalin)
Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
Atomoxetine (Strattera)*
Modafinil (Provigil)* |
|
|
Term
| the drug used for weight loss is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| adverse reactions of sympathomimetic stimulants |
|
Definition
| in OD leads to schizo. Anorexia/growth suppression Insomnia/nervousness Constipation Cardiovascular stimulation Hypertension Sudden death Abuse liability- not a real problem when used as Rx |
|
|
Term
| Sympathomimetic Stimulants mechanism of action |
|
Definition
• Cause NE rls in brain
Indirectly-acting adrenergic drugs
• Can also block NE re-uptake into nerve terminals
• Affect dopamine neurons
Very addictive bc dopamine is assoc w/ reward |
|
|
Term
| Sympathomimetic Stimulants precautions |
|
Definition
• Tolerance occurs quickly bc they are indirect acting
• If take too much drug → pt can run out of NE to rls |
|
|
Term
| two types of xanthine derivatives |
|
Definition
1. caffeine
2. theophyline salts |
|
|
Term
caffeine
1. describe its lipid solubility, thus _____
2. used primarily for _____ effects |
|
Definition
1. more lipid soluble, it gets into the brain
2. central, increases wakefulness, improves with repetitive tasks |
|
|
Term
theophyline salts
used primarily for _____ effects
effect on HR, force, automaticity is_____
effect on sphincters_____ |
|
Definition
peripheral
increased
sphincter contraction |
|
|
Term
| xanthine is similar to what in dna |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
effect of adenosine in
1.heart
2.lungs
3.cns |
|
Definition
1.adenosine normally inhibits ocnduction
2.adenosine noramlyy casues constriction
3.cns depressant |
|
|
Term
xanthine derivative mech of action
1
2
3 |
|
Definition
1.adenosine receptor antagonist
2.blocks phoshpodiesteraes III and IV, leading to an increase of camp, cgmp (normally phosphodiesterases break down camp) looks like epi
3.increase intracellular Ca---> smpathetic stimulation |
|
|
Term
therapuetic uses of xantheine derivatives
theophylline is used for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
therpautic uses of xanthine derivatives
uses of caffeine |
|
Definition
1.premature apnea (opens bronchioles)
2.increased wakefulness
3.increased analgesics |
|
|
Term
| adverse effects of xanthine derivatives |
|
Definition
• Anorexia/nausea
• CV stimulation
• CNS stimulation/insomnia/seizures |
|
|
