Term
| Class: Sedatives and hypnotics |
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Definition
A class of CNS depressants that depress physical and mental responses but do not alter consciousness.
Subgroups of sedatives and hypnotics include:
- Barbituates
- Benzodiazapines
- Nonbenzodiazapines
- Piperinediones (not popular)
- chloral hydrate
Note: These drugs should not be discontinued abruptly and should not be taken with alcohol, as respiratory depression occurs |
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Term
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Definition
Drugs that inhibit, block, or degrade the neurotransmitters seratonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine
Includes:
sedative and hypnotics
Anasthetics |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Sedative and hypnotics
Drugs categories include:
-long acting (ie phenobarbital)
- intermediate acting (ie amobarbital (amytal))
- Short acting (ex. Secobarbital (seconal), and pentobarbital (Nembutal))
- Ultra short acting (Teopental Sodium (pentotal) for general anasthesia) |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Barbituates
Type: long acting barbituate |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Amobarbital
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Barbituates
Type: Intermediate acting barbituate |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Secobarbital
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Barbituates
Type: Short acting barbituate |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Phenobarbital
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Barbituates
Type: Short acting barbituate |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Theopental sodium
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Barbituates
Type: UltraShort acting barbituate
Use: for general anasthesia |
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Term
| Class Type: Long acting barbituates |
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Definition
| Drugs include: Phenobarbital |
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Term
| Class Type: Intermediate acting barbituates |
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Definition
| Drugs include: Amobarbital (Amytal) |
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Term
| Class Type: Short acting barbituates |
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Definition
Drugs include:
Secobarbital (seconal)
Pentobarbital(Nembutal) |
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Term
| Class Type: Ultra short acting barbituates |
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Definition
Drugs include: Teopental sodium (Pentothal)
Uses: for general anasthesia |
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Term
| Subclass: Benzodiazepines |
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Definition
Class: Sedative and hypnotics
Note: should not be used longer than 4 weeks as a hypnotic
Include drugs:
Chlorodiazepoxide (Librium)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Diazepam (Valium) |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Chlorodiazepoxide
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Benzodiazapine
Note: should not be used longer than 4 weeks as a hypnotic |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Lorazepam
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Benzodiazapine
Note: should not be used longer than 4 weeks as a hypnotic |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Diazepam
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Benzodiazapine
Note: should not be used longer than 4 weeks as a hypnotic |
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Term
| Subclass: Nonbenzodiazabines |
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Definition
Class: Sedative and hypnotics
Note: Usually given for short term treatments under 10 days
Include drugs:
Zolpidem (Ambien) |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: Zolpidem
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Nonbenzodiazapine
Note: Usually given for short term treatments under 10 days |
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Term
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Definition
Class: Sedative and Hypnotics
Note: not popular
Drugs include: Gluthermide |
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Term
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Definition
Generic: n/a
Class: Sedative and hypnotic
Subclass: Piperidiones
Note: Not popularly used |
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Term
| Subclass: Chloral Hydrate |
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Definition
Class: Sedative and Hypnotics
Uses: CNS depressant Effective in older adults, has less hangover and respiratory depression
Drugs Include: n/a |
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Term
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Definition
CNS Depressant especially important in surgery.
Principles of Balanced anasthesia apply |
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Term
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Definition
A regimen of drugs including:
1. Hypnotic
- ie chloral hydrate
2. Pre-medication:
- Medazolam (Versed) for induction of anasthesia
- Atropine- To decrease secretions
3. Ultra-short acting barbituate to induce general anasthesia:
- ie Thiopental sodium (Pentothal)
4. Inhaled gas-nitrous oxide or oxigen
5. Muscle relaxant if needed |
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