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CMSC 255 VCU
Computer Science 255 Final Exam
64
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
05/09/2013

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Cards

Term
Hardware
Definition
Tangible pieces.
Term
software
Definition
programs and data those programs use
Term
two primary funcitons of the operating system
Definition
user interface and managing computer resources
Term
what happens to information when it is stored digitally
Definition
it is digitized
Term
X bits is capabable of storing how many items?
Definition
2^X
Term
What two items make up the core of a computer?
Definition
CPU and main memory
Term
what is a memory address
Definition
Name of a location in memory
Term
volatile
Definition
Loses all information when power is lost
ex main memory
Term
Nonvolatile
Definition
ex USB flashdrive
Term
Where does prociessing being in a Java applicaiton
Definition
The main method
Term
invalid identifiers
Definition
anything starting with a number
anyhting with a hashtag
Term
white space
Definition
empty space in a compute program that does not affect program exectution but it used mainly for formatting
Term
high level language
Definition
A language that uses key terms to represent other terms used in machine languages.
Term
java bytecode
Definition
What java is translated into when it is compiled. translated into machine language.
Term
syntax of a programming language
Definition
dictates exactly how sentences can be formed so that they are understood corectly
Term
symantics
Definition
describe what will happen when the sentence is executed
Term
compile time error
Definition
error reached when the program is compiled
Term
run time error
Definition
causes the program to termiate abnormally
Term
syntax error
Definition
error associated with syntax and semantics
Term
5 steps to solve a program
Definition
1. understanding the problem
2. designing a solution
3. considering alternatives
4. implimenting the solution
5. testing the solution
Term
what is a string literal
Definition
"anything in quotations"
Term
parameter
Definition
inputs passed through a method
Term
escape sequence
Definition
\b
\t
\n
\r
\"
\'
\\
Term
variable declaration
Definition
intruscting the compiler to reserve a space in memory large enough space to store a value.
Term
primitive data
Definition
byte short int long
float double
char
boolean
Term
objects
Definition
Objects represent everything else that primitive tpyes dont.
Term
operator preseedence
Definition
rules that establish the order in which operations are evaluated
Term
assignment operators
Definition
=, +=, -+ ...
Term
why are widening conversions safer than narrowing conversions
Definition
because usually there is no loss of information
Term
what is a null refrence
Definition
inidcated a variable does not refrence an object.
Term
wat does the new operator accomplish
Definition
instantiation
Term
aliasing
Definition
when 2 variables refrence the same object
Term
what is a class method
Definition
a method that can be invoked through the name of the class in which they are defined.
Term
format of an enumrated variable
Definition
enum season{winter, spring, fall, summer}
Term
attribute
Definition
an objects state
Term
operation
Definition
objects behaviors
Term
scope
Definition
the location in whihc the variable is declared
Term
What are UML diagrams designed to do?
Definition
to visualize relationships among classes and objects
Term
what does it mean for an object to be self governing?
Definition
That an objects instnace data should only be changed from within the object.
Term
interface to an object
Definition
the methods within an object
Term
what is a modifier
Definition
A java reserved word to characterize a variable.
Term
public visibility
Definition
can be directly refrenced from outisde the class
Term
private visibility
Definition
can only be seen from inside the class
Term
what are constructors used for?
Definition
to initilize a newly instantitiated object
Term
what is flow of control
Definition
order with whihc statements are exectuted
Term
equality operators
Definition
== !=
Term
relational operators
Definition
>= <=
Term
logical operators
Definition
! && ||
Term
why must we be careful when compating floating point values for equality
Definition
because even though sometimes they may be close, they might not always match up
Term
how to compare strings
Definition
.equals()
Term
create a scanner statement that reads from info.dat
Definition
Scanner scan = new Scanner(new File("info.dat"));
Term
conditional operator
Definition
if else statements, while loops
Term
conditional statement
Definition
the statement to be tested true or false
Term
static variables
Definition
static variables are shared amongst all instnaces of a class.
Term
what kind of variables can the main method refrence
Definition
static and local
Term
dependency
Definition
one class relies on another
Term
aggregation
Definition
being composed of other objects
Term
method decomposition
Definition
breaking a method up to have a more understanable design
Term
how are overloaded methods differentiated from each other
Definition
By parameters
Term
what is an array
Definition
powerful programming construct used to group and organize data
Term
how is each element of an array refrenced
Definition
By calling the index with which the element the array is stored in
Term
an arrays element type
Definition
the type of value stored in an array
Term
when is memory allocated for the array
Definition
in instantiation
Term
what is a command line argument
Definition
an argument provded when the interpretur is invoked.
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