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| the middle number when put in order |
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| most frequently occurring |
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Term
| ways to gain attention and interest |
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Definition
pose a question
startle the audience
story (best way)
begin with a quote
arouse curiosity
state importance of topic |
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Definition
| quotations or paraphrases used to support a point |
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Definition
expert testimony
peer testimony
direct quote
quote out of context
paraphrase |
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Definition
quote, paraphrase accurately
use qualified sources
use unbiased sources
identify sources |
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Definition
| using someone else's work as your own, giving the impression that you have written it |
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Definition
| taking info from 2-3 sources and calling it your own |
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Definition
| not giving credit for specific parts that are borrowed |
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Definition
| taking an entire speech from one source and calling it your own |
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Definition
a question that the audience answers mentally rather than out loud
can ask a single question or a series of questions
be sure to pause for a moment after each question |
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Definition
| the study of body motions as a systematic mode of communication |
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Definition
| the audience’s perception of whether a speaker is qualified to speak on a given topic |
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Term
| factors influencing a speaker's credibility |
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Definition
Competence: how an audience regards a speaker’s intelligence, expertise, and knowledge of the subject
Character: how an audience regards a speaker’s sincerity, trustworthiness, and concern for the well-being of the audience |
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Definition
| the credibility of a speaker before she or he starts to speak |
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Definition
| the credibility of a speaker at the end of the speech |
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Definition
| the credibility of a speaker produced by everything she or he says and does during the speech |
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Definition
nerves can be mastered and beneficial
One of the biggest obstacles to public speaking
Nerves: a global force for good |
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Term
| similarities between public speaking and conversation |
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Definition
Organize our thoughts
Tailor your message (Audience hears what will persuade them most accurately)
Tell a story
Respond to feedback (more excited when people laugh at your jokes) |
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Term
| differences between public speaking and conversation |
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Definition
More high structured in public speaking
Use more formal speaking in public speaking
Different delivery method |
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Term
| types of informative speeches |
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Definition
object
process
event
concept |
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Term
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Definition
sender
receiver
channel
message
feedback
interference
context |
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Term
| how an informative speech is organized |
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Definition
General Purpose
Specifici Purpose
Central Idea
Main Points
Sub Points |
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Definition
chronological
spatial
causal
problem-solution
topical |
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Definition
| your culture is better than everyone else's |
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| a speech early in the term to get students speaking in front of the classroom ASAP |
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Definition
| branch of philosophy that deals with issues of right and wrong in human affairs |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| main points follow a time pattern |
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Definition
| main topics divided into logical and consistent subtopics |
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Definition
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| guidelines for informative speaking |
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Definition
don't overestimate what audience knows
relate subject to audience
don't be too technical
avoid abstractions
personalize ideas
be creative |
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Term
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Definition
use sparingly
identify sources
explain thoroughly
round off |
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Definition
brief
extended
hypothetical |
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Term
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Definition
clarify ideas
reinforce ideas
personalize ideas
make examples vivid and richly textured
practice delivery to enhance |
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Definition
transition
internal preview
internal summary
signpost |
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Definition
crescendo
dissolve
reinforce
dramatic statement |
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Term
| 2 methods of brainstorming |
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Definition
free association
web of ideas |
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Definition
expertise
library
internet
interviews |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 aspects of introduction |
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Definition
gain attention and interest
reveal topic
establish credibility and goodwill
preview body (thesis statement) |
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