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CLPH 469 - terminology quiz 2
medical terminology quiz 2
58
Medical
Professional
09/05/2011

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Term
abscess
Definition
A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate frequently associated with swelling and other signs of inflammation
Term
lymphadenopathy
Definition
Any disease process affecting a lymph node or lymph nodes
Term
alkalosis
Definition
A state characterized by a decrease in the hydrogen ion concentration of arterial blood below the normal level, 40 nmol/L, or pH over 7.4
Term
anemia
Definition
decrease in oxygen-carrying capacity of RBCs - Anemia is frequently manifested by pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, shortness of breath, palpitations of the heart, soft systolic murmurs, lethargy, and tendency to fatigue
Term
aphasia
Definition
Impaired or absent comprehension or production of, or communication by, speech, reading, writing, or signs, caused by an acquired lesion of the dominant cerebral hemisphere
Term
asymmetry
Definition
lack of symmetry, disproportion between two parts normally alike.
Term
auscultation
Definition
Listening to the sounds made by the various body structures as a diagnostic method
Term
bradycardia
Definition
Slowness of the heartbeat, usually defined (by convention) as a rate under 50 beats/minute
Term
cardiomegaly
Definition
enlargement of the heart
Term
colitis
Definition
inflammation of colon
Term
contralateral
Definition
Relating to the opposite side, as when pain is perceived or paralysis occurs on the side opposite to that of the lesion.
Term
delusions
Definition
A false belief or wrong judgment, sometimes associated with hallucinations, held with conviction despite evidence to the contrary
Term
dyscrasia (blood)
Definition
A morbid general state resulting from the presence of abnormal material in the blood, usually applied to diseases affecting blood cells or platelets
Term
dysphonia
Definition
altered voice production
Term
dystonia
Definition
A syndrome of abnormal muscle contraction that produces repetitive involuntary twisting movements and abnormal posturing of the neck, trunk, face, and extremities
Term
effusion
Definition
the escape of fluid from the blood vessels or lymphatics into the tissues or a cavity
Term
empyema
Definition
Pus in a body cavity; when used without qualification, refers specifically to pyothorax
Term
epidermis
Definition
The superficial epithelial portion of the skin (cutis)
Term
erythema
Definition
Redness due to capillary dilation, usually signaling a pathologic condition (e.g., inflammation, infection)
Term
excoriation
Definition
A scratch mark; a linear break in the skin surface, usually covered with blood or serous crusts
Term
fecal
Definition
relating to feces
Term
fluoroscopy
Definition
Examination of the tissues and deep structures of the body by x-ray, using the fluoroscope or its successor, video fluoroscopy
Term
gingivitis
Definition
Inflammation of the gingiva as a response to bacterial plaque on adjacent teeth; characterized by erythema, edema, and fibrous enlargement of the gingiva without resorption of the underlying alveolar bone.
Term
hematemesis
Definition
vomiting of blood
Term
hemoptysis
Definition
Spitting of blood derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as a result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage.
Term
hirsutism
Definition
Presence of excessive bodily and facial hair, usually in a male pattern, especially in women; may be present in normal adults as an expression of an ethnic characteristic or may develop in children or adults as the result of androgen excess due to tumors, or of nonandrogenetic or other drugs.
Term
hyperkalemia
Definition
A greater than normal concentration of potassium ions in the circulating blood.
Term
hyperpigmentation
Definition
an excess of pigment in a tissue or part
Term
hyperuricemia
Definition
enhanced concentrations of uric acid
Term
hypovolemia
Definition
A decreased amount of blood in the body
Term
impotence
Definition
Weakness; lack of power. 2. Specifically, inability of the male to achieve or maintain penile erection and thus engage in copulation; a manifestation of neurologic, vascular, or psychological dysfunction
Term
intercostal space
Definition
space between the ribs
Term
lacrimation
Definition
the secretion of tears, especially in excess
Term
mammography
Definition
Radiologic examination of the female breast with equipment and techniques designed to screen for cancer
Term
menopause
Definition
Permanent cessation of the menses due to ovarian failure; termination of the menstrual life.
Term
myelogram
Definition
Radiographic contrast study of the spinal subarachnoid space and its contents.
Term
nephrotoxicity
Definition
The quality or state of being toxic to kidney cells
Term
nystagmus
Definition
Involuntary rhythmic oscillation of the eyeballs, either pendular or with a slow and fast component.
Term
oophorectomy
Definition
Excision of one or both ovaries
Term
osteomalacia
Definition
A disease in adults characterized by a gradual softening and bending of the bones with varying severity of pain; softening occurs because the bones contain osteoid tissue that has failed to calcify because of lack of vitamin D or renal tubular dysfunction; more common in women than in men, osteomalacia often begins during pregnancy.
Term
ototoxicity
Definition
The property of being injurious to the ear
Term
papule
Definition
A circumscribed, solid elevation up to 1 cm in diameter on the skin.
Term
paresthesia
Definition
A spontaneous abnormal usually nonpainful sensation (e.g., burning, pricking); may be due to lesions of both the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Term
phlebotomy
Definition
Incision into or needle puncture of a vein for the purpose of drawing blood.
Term
polycythemia
Definition
The presence of an abnormally high number of red blood cells in the circulating blood.
Term
postprandial
Definition
after a meal
Term
ptosis
Definition
A sinking down or prolapse of an organ.
Term
pyuria
Definition
presence of pus in the urine
Term
rales
Definition
Ambiguous term for an added sound heard on auscultation of breath sounds
Term
rheumatic
Definition
Relating to or characterized by rheumatism.
Term
splenomegaly
Definition
enlargement of the spleen
Term
superficial
Definition
Situated nearer the surface of the body in relation to a specific reference point
Term
tachypnea
Definition
rapid breathing
Term
thoracotomy
Definition
Incision through the chest wall into the pleural space
Term
torticollis
Definition
A contraction, or shortening, of the muscles of the neck, chiefly those supplied by the accessory nerve (NXI); the head is drawn to one side and usually rotated so that the chin points to the other side.
Term
tympanotomy
Definition
incision of the tympanic membrane
Term
vaginitis
Definition
inflammation of the vagina
Term
lumbago
Definition
Pain in mid and lower back; a descriptive term not specifying cause.
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