Term
| What components make up Structural/drive theory and who is the theorist |
|
Definition
| Freud; id, ego, super ego |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| life and death instinct; source of all psychic energy |
|
|
Term
| What is the main driving force of the id and what does it do |
|
Definition
| pleasure principle; seeks immediate gratification |
|
|
Term
| At what age does the ego develop |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the main driving force of the ego and what does it do |
|
Definition
| reality principle; defers gratification |
|
|
Term
| What is the primary task of the ego |
|
Definition
| to mediate the demands of the id |
|
|
Term
| At what age does the super ego develop |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the super ego do |
|
Definition
| attempts to permanently block the id's socially unacceptable impulses |
|
|
Term
| Developmental theory (Who and definition) |
|
Definition
| Frued; a persons personality is developed during childhood through the 5 psychosexual stages |
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 developmental stages Freud proposed |
|
Definition
| oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital |
|
|
Term
| What is a central component of Freud's Drive Theory and its purpose |
|
Definition
| anxiety; alert the ego to an internal or external threat |
|
|
Term
| According to Freud, what does the ego do when it is unable to ward off danger through rational means |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a defense mechanism do |
|
Definition
| denies or distorts reality |
|
|
Term
| What is the most basic defense mechanism and how does it work |
|
Definition
| repression, ids needs are excluded from conscious reality |
|
|
Term
| Define reaction formation and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| avoiding an anxiety evoking impulse by expressing the opposite; Freud |
|
|
Term
| Define projection and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| a threatening impulse is attributed to another person; Freud |
|
|
Term
| According to Freud, how does maladaptive behavior develop |
|
Definition
| from unresolved conflict in childhood |
|
|
Term
| Define psychic determinism and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| the belief that all behaviors are meaningful; Freud |
|
|
Term
| In psychoanalysis what does confrontation entail |
|
Definition
| making statements that help the client see his behavior in a new way |
|
|
Term
| In psychoanalysis what does clarification entail |
|
Definition
| clarifying the client's feelings and restating his remarks in clearer terms |
|
|
Term
| In psychoanalysis what does interpretation entail |
|
Definition
| explicitly connecting current behavior to unconscious processes |
|
|
Term
| In psychoanalysis what does catharsis entail |
|
Definition
| the emotional release that results from the recall of unconscious material |
|
|
Term
| What category of therapy is target specific interpersonal problems usually identified in the first session; use interpretation early on; emphasize a strong working alliance; considers positive transference important to the therapeutic relationship, and is time limited |
|
Definition
| brief psychodynamic therapies |
|
|
Term
| What are the benefits of positive transference (3) |
|
Definition
| promotes a positive therepeutic relatioship; maximizes the patient's motivation to work toward goals; reduces liklihood of slowed therapy from transference nuerosis |
|
|
Term
| Which theorist fall under the category of Psychodynamic theorists (3) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define teleological approach and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| behavior is largely motivated by a person's future goals; Adler |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 key concepts of Adler's theory of personality |
|
Definition
| inferiority feelings; striving for superiority; style of life; social interest |
|
|
Term
| Adler defined having goals that reflect optimism; confidence; and concern about the welfare of others as what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adler defined having goals that are self centered; competitive, and striving for personal power as what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what age is a person's style of life established by and who is the theorist |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Adler, how does maladaptive behavior develop and 3 things that occur |
|
Definition
| from a mistaken style of life-attempts to compensate for feelings of inferiorty, preoccupation with personal power, and lack of social interest |
|
|
Term
| What are three concepts of Adlerian therapy |
|
Definition
| establish a collaborative relationship, help client understand his style of life, reorient the clients beliefs and goals to support an adaptive lifestyle |
|
|
Term
| Define lifestyle investigation and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| look at family constellation, fictional goals, and basic mistakes; Adler |
|
|
Term
| Define fictional goals and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Define basic mistakes and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| distorted beliefs and attitudes; Adler |
|
|
Term
| What 6 modalities can Adlerian therapy be used in |
|
Definition
| individual therapy, group, family, marital, parent education, teacher-student |
|
|
Term
| Which theorist does Systematic Training for Effective Teaching stem from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Adler's Systematic Training for Effective Teaching, misbehavior of young children has 1 of 4 goals |
|
Definition
| attention, power, revenge, or to display deficiency |
|
|
Term
| According to Adler's Systematic Training for Effective Teaching, attention seeking behavior stems from the mistaken belief that |
|
Definition
| I only belong when I am noticed or served |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jung believed that behavior is determined by (2) |
|
Definition
| past events and future gaols |
|
|
Term
| Define collective unconscious and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| repository of latent memory traces passed down from one generation to the next; Jung |
|
|
Term
| Define archetypes or primordial images and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| part of the collective unconscious that causes people to experience and understand things in a universal way; Jung |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 archetype components of personality according to Jung |
|
Definition
| the persona, the shadow, and the anima and animus |
|
|
Term
| What is the anima and animus and what theorist do they relate to |
|
Definition
| feminine and masculine aspects of personality; Jung |
|
|
Term
| Jung described the personality as having two attitudes |
|
Definition
| extraversion and introversion |
|
|
Term
| Who described the personality as having 4 basic psychological functions-thinking, feeling, sensing, and intuiting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what way did Jung view personality development to take place |
|
Definition
| continuing throughout the life span |
|
|
Term
| Jung was most intersted in personality development at what age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is individuation and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| integration of the conscious and unconscious aspects of the psyche that leads to the development of a unique personality; Jung |
|
|
Term
| Jung described symptoms as |
|
Definition
| unconscious messages that something is awry with the person and that there is a task that needs to be fulfilled |
|
|
Term
| What theorist has the primary goal of therapy to bridge the gap between the conscious and the personal unconscious and the collective unconscious |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jungians are particularly interested in dreams because |
|
Definition
| material in the collective the unconscious is often expressed symbolically |
|
|
Term
| How do Jungians view transference in therapy and why |
|
Definition
| important because transference is a projection of personal and collective unconscious |
|
|
Term
| Which therapy focuses on the here and now |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who are the 4 object relations theorists |
|
Definition
| Mahler, Fairbairn, Klein, Kernberg |
|
|
Term
| Object relations theorists are most interested in the child's |
|
Definition
| internal representations of objects |
|
|
Term
| Which theorist focuses on the processes by which an infant assumes his own physical and psychological identity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is normal infantile autism, when does it occur and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| infant is self absorbed and oblivious to the environment, occurs during the first month of life; Mahler |
|
|
Term
| What is the normal symbiotic phase and which theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| child is aware of mother but cannot differentiate between what is me and not me; Mahler |
|
|
Term
| According to Mahler, object relations develop at what age and stage |
|
Definition
| seperation-individuation stage; between 4 and 5 months |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 overlapping sub-phases in Mahler's object relations- separation-individualtion theory |
|
Definition
| differentiation, practicing, reapproachment, object constancy |
|
|
Term
| According to Mahler, at what age does a child develop a permanent sense of self and object (object constancy) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When _____ is reached, a child can perceive others as both separate and related |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In object relations maladaptive behavior occurs as the result of |
|
Definition
| abnormalities in early object relations |
|
|
Term
| Mahler views adult psychopathy as occuring during which phase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inadequate mental representations of self and others into categories of GOOD and BAD is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Kernberg, borderline Personality Disorder is a result of |
|
Definition
| never integrating positive and negative experiences thus using contradictory images such as over-idealizion and devaluation |
|
|
Term
| A primary goal of object relations therapy is |
|
Definition
| to bring maladaptive unconscious relationship dynamics into consciousness so that object representations can be replaced with more appropriate ones |
|
|
Term
| Object Relations therapy focuses on maladaptive defenses including 2 specific defenses |
|
Definition
| splitting, projective identification |
|
|
Term
| Object relations theorists consider object seeking to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Freud, the super ego represents |
|
Definition
| an internalization of society's values |
|
|
Term
| What category of therapies have these things in common 1) subjective experience, 2) current behaviors, 3) potential for self determination/actualization, 4) authentic, collaborative, egalitarian relationship with therapist, 5) rejection of traditional assessment techniques and diagnostic labels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A distinguishing characteristic of humanistic therapies is on the client's ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which school of therapy focuses on the created meaning of things as opposed to the reality of what things mean |
|
Definition
| Humanistic or constructivist |
|
|
Term
| Roger's person centered theory is based on his belief that |
|
Definition
| all people have an innate self actualizing tendency |
|
|
Term
| What is self actualizing tendency |
|
Definition
| source of motovation that guides the individual towards positive healthy growth |
|
|
Term
| Rogers believed that everyone has the potential to self actualize but to do so the self must (3) |
|
Definition
| 1) remain unified, 2) organized, 3) and whole |
|
|
Term
| According to Roger's the maladaptive behavior develops when the |
|
Definition
| self becomes disorganized as a result of incongruence between self and experience |
|
|
Term
| What are two defensive manuevers that prevent self actualization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Roger's, incongruence results in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The primary goal of person centered therapy is to |
|
Definition
| help the client achieve congruence between self and experience (self actualization) |
|
|
Term
| Roger's indicated 3 facilitative conditions for therapy |
|
Definition
| unconditional positive regard, genuineness, empathy |
|
|
Term
| In therapy, Roger's stated that both negative and positive evaluations should be avoided because they represent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability to see the world from the client's point of view and to convey that to the client |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 techniques that person centered therapists can use to show empathy |
|
Definition
| nodding, maintaining eye contact, reflection of feeling |
|
|
Term
| How does a person centered therapist view transference |
|
Definition
| unnecessary; acknowledge and accept it but do not foster or interpret it |
|
|
Term
| What is the premise of Gestalt therapy |
|
Definition
| each person is capable of assuming personal responsibility for his own thoughts, feelings, and actions and living as an integrated whole |
|
|
Term
| Gestalt psychology focuses on perception using 5 concepts |
|
Definition
| 1)people tend to seek closure 2) perception that their parts are wholes reflect their current needs 3)behavior represents a whole that is greater than the sum of its parts 5)the world is experienced in accord with the principle of figure/ground |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, personality consists of |
|
Definition
| the self and the self image |
|
|
Term
| What is the Gestalt concept of self |
|
Definition
| self is the creative aspect that promotes the inherent tendency for self actualization (living as an integrated person) |
|
|
Term
| What is the Gestalt concept of self image |
|
Definition
| the darker side of the personality that inhibits self actualization by imposing external standards |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, if a child is only given support in the form of approval, what can happen |
|
Definition
| the development of the self is interrupted and the self image develops |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, neurotic or maladaptive behavior is referred to as |
|
Definition
| a growth disorder involving the abandonment of the self for the self image resulting in lack of integration |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, neurotic behavior stems from |
|
Definition
| disturbance in the boundary between the self and the environment that interferes with homeostasis |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, there are 4 major boundary disturbances |
|
Definition
| introjection, projection, retroflection, confluence |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, what is introjection and what can it result in |
|
Definition
| the person psychologically swallows whole concepts; can not distinguish between me and not me; can result in being overly compliant |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, what is projection and what can it result in |
|
Definition
| disowning aspects of the self by assigning them to other people. Can result in paranoia |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, what is retroflection and what can it result in |
|
Definition
| doing to himself what he would like to do to others. turns the anger inward |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, what is confluence and what can it result in |
|
Definition
| an absence of boundary between the self and the environment. Intolerance of being different. ends up feeling guilt and resentment |
|
|
Term
| What is the major goal of Gestalt therapy |
|
Definition
| help the client become a unified whole |
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, transference is viewed as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Gestalt theory, what is the primary curative factor in therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 4 Gestalt therapy techniques |
|
Definition
| the empty chair, role play, guided fantasy(imagery), dream work |
|
|
Term
| What therapy put an emphasis on personal choice, and responsibility for bulding a meaningful life |
|
Definition
| Existential / Logotherapies |
|
|
Term
| Reality Therapy views transference as |
|
Definition
| detrimental(harmful) to therapy progress |
|
|
Term
| Existential / Logotherapies presume that people are in a constant state of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Existential / Logotherapies see maladaptive behavior as the result of |
|
Definition
| an inability to cope authentically with ultimate concerns of existence (death) |
|
|
Term
| Existential therapies help clients to live life in 4 ways |
|
Definition
| committed, self aware, authentic, and meaningful |
|
|
Term
| According to Existential / Logotherapies clients learn 2 things about their lives |
|
Definition
| they choose their own destinies and they are responsible for changing their own lives |
|
|
Term
| What is paradoxical intention and what theory supports it |
|
Definition
| uses humor in a paradoxical way to help clients reduce their fears, Existential |
|
|
Term
| What theory is Glasser-Reality Therapy based upon and what does it assume |
|
Definition
| choice theory, it assumes that people are responsible for their own choices |
|
|
Term
| According to Glasser-Reality Therapy, people have 5 innate basic needs |
|
Definition
| survival, love/belonging, power, freedom, fun |
|
|
Term
| From Glasser's theory of innate basic needs which is most important |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is success identity and which theorist is associated with it |
|
Definition
| when an individual fullfills his needs in a responsible way; Glasser-Reality |
|
|
Term
| What is failure identity and which theorist is associated with it |
|
Definition
| when a person is unable to satisfy his needs or does so in a maladaptive or irresponsible way; Glasser-Reality |
|
|
Term
| According to Glasser-Reality Therapy, what is the underlying componant in mental and emotional disturbance |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Glasser-Reality Therapy, mental illness is the result of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 4 characteristics of Reality therapy, Glasser |
|
Definition
| rejects the medical model, focus on current behaviors and beliefs, stresses conscious processes, emphasizes value judgments |
|
|
Term
| What is the primary goal of Reality Therapy, Glasser |
|
Definition
| help clients identify responsible and effective ways to satisfy their needs thus developing a success identity |
|
|
Term
| Using Reality therapy-Glasser, attention is paid to the client's total behavior consisting of (4) |
|
Definition
| actions, thoughts, emotions,and physiology |
|
|
Term
| Using Reality Therapy-Glasser the primary focus is on what |
|
Definition
| the actions and thoughts that can be easily controlled by the client |
|
|
Term
| Personal construct therapy-Kelly, focuses on what 3 things |
|
Definition
| how the client experiences the world, people choose how they deal with the world, looking for alternative ways to deal with the world |
|
|
Term
| According to Kelly-Personal Construct Therapy, how are psychological processes detemined |
|
Definition
| by the way the person construes events |
|
|
Term
| According to Personal construct therapy-Kelly, what does the term construe mean (3) |
|
Definition
| perceive, interpret, and predict |
|
|
Term
| According to Personal construct therapy-Kelly, what are personal constructs |
|
Definition
| bipolar dimensions of meaning (happy/sad) |
|
|
Term
| How did Kelly-Personal Construct therapy describe anxiety, hostility and other maladaptive behaviors |
|
Definition
| a result of inadequate personal constructs |
|
|
Term
| In brief therapies how is transference viewed |
|
Definition
| positive transference important to the therapeutic relationship |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Frankl's therapy is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glasser's therapy is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kelly's therapy is called |
|
Definition
| Personal Construct therapy |
|
|
Term
| Which theory describes homeostasis as being intrrupted therefore creating neurotic behavior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Reality theory-Glasser, what are value judgements |
|
Definition
| the client's ability to judge what is right and what is wrong in their daily life |
|
|
Term
| According to Personal construct theory-Kelly, when do personal constructs develop |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do people use their personal constructs |
|
Definition
| to check the accuracy of their beliefs |
|
|
Term
| According to Personal construct theory-Kelly, anxiety and other maladaptive behavior is a result of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Personal construct theory- Kelly, when does hostility develop |
|
Definition
| when a person continues to rely on constructs despite evidence that they are wrong |
|
|
Term
| Which therapy considers the client and the clinician co-experimenters |
|
Definition
| Personal construct theory-Kelly |
|
|
Term
| What is a repertory grid and what theory and theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| client identifies the roles other people play in their life and ways they are similar and different; personal construct theory; Kelly |
|
|
Term
| What is a self-character grid and what theory and theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| the client describes himself from other peoples point of view; personal construct theory; Kelly |
|
|
Term
| What is fixed role therapy and what theory and theorist does it relate to |
|
Definition
| clients try on alternate personal constructs that is different than the way he would regularly think, Personal construct theory; Kelly |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 Brief Therapies |
|
Definition
| Interpersonal therapy; Solution-focused therapy; Transtheoretical model; Motivational Interviewing |
|
|
Term
| What is the typical length of the brief therapies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Brief therapy models how does the clinician interact with the client |
|
Definition
| uses an active role to encourage change |
|
|
Term
| Klerman and Weissman's therapy is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 theories does Interpersonal therapy borrow from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What therapy states that maladaptive behavior is related to problems in social roles and interpersonal relationships |
|
Definition
| Interpersonal therapy-Klerman and Weissman |
|
|
Term
| According to Interpersonal therapy-Klerman and Weissman, maladaptive behavior that results in interpersonal relational problems are linked to |
|
Definition
| lack of strong early attachments |
|
|
Term
| What 3 things does Interpersonal therapy-Klerman and Weissman focus on |
|
Definition
| current relationships, symptom reduction, improved interpersonal functioning |
|
|
Term
| According to Interpersonal therapy-Klerman and Weissman, how is symptom reduction acheived (4) |
|
Definition
| education; hope; pharmacotherapy; interventions aimed at problem areas |
|
|
Term
| According to Interpersonal therapy-Klerman and Weissman, what are the 4 problem areas |
|
Definition
| unresolved grief; interpersonal role disputes; role transitions; interpersonal deficits |
|
|
Term
| According to Interpersonal therapy-Klerman and Weissman, there are the 3 stages of therapy. Which stage includes assessment, diagnosis, identifying the context in which interpersonal symptoms occur, identifying problem area |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Interpersonal therapy-Klerman and Weissman, there are the 3 stages of therapy, what does stage 2 entail (1) |
|
Definition
| use of specific strategies to address the problem area |
|
|
Term
| According to Interpersonal therapy-Klerman and Weissman, there are the 3 stages of therapy, what does stage 3 entail (3) |
|
Definition
| review client's progress, discuss termination, relapse prevention |
|
|
Term
| de Shazar's therapy is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the assumption of Solution focused therapy-de Shazar |
|
Definition
| you get more of what you talk about |
|
|
Term
| According to Solution focused therapy-de Shazar, solutions are more important than |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Solution focused therapy-de Shazar, the client is viewed as the ____ and the therapist is viewed as the________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Solution focused therapy-de Shazar, How does the use of 3 specific questions benefit the client |
|
Definition
| helps the client recognize his strengths and resources |
|
|
Term
| According to Solution focused therapy-de Shazar, what are the 3 specific questions |
|
Definition
| miracle question, exception question, scaling question |
|
|
Term
| According to Solution focused therapy-de Shazar, What is a Miracle question |
|
Definition
| when you wake up and your problem is miraculously solved how will you know and what would be different |
|
|
Term
| According to Solution focused therapy-de Shazar, What is the Exceptional question |
|
Definition
| can you tink of a time during the last week when you did not have this problem? |
|
|
Term
| According to Solution focused therapy-de Shazar, What is the Scaling question |
|
Definition
| On a scale from 1-10 how did you feel last week? or how motivated were you? |
|
|
Term
| Prochaska and DiClemente's therapy is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model relates to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, how is change accomplished |
|
Definition
| through a series of predictable stages |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, what are the 10 empiracally supported change processes- conscious_____, self _____, dramatic______, self re-______, counter______, environmental_______,_______management, ________control, and supportive_______. |
|
Definition
| conscious raising, self liberation, dramatic relief, self re-evaluation, counter conditioning, environmental re-evaluation, reinforcement management, stimulus control, supportive relationships |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, there are 6 stages of change |
|
Definition
| precontemplation stage, contemplation stage, preparation stage, action stage, maintainance stage, termination stage |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, What is the precontemplation stage |
|
Definition
| individual has little insight to the need for change and does not intend to change |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, What is the contemplation stage |
|
Definition
| aware of a need to change, intends to take action in next 6 months |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, What is the preparation stage |
|
Definition
| plans to take action in the immediate future |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, What is the action stage |
|
Definition
| takes concrete steps to change |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, What is the maintenance stage |
|
Definition
| has maintained a change in behavior for at least 6 months |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, What is the termination stage |
|
Definition
| person feels he can resist temptation and is not at risk for relapse |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, What is the assumption of the stages |
|
Definition
| are not linear, can go through the stages more than once |
|
|
Term
| Using Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, interventions are most effective when |
|
Definition
| matched to the stage of change |
|
|
Term
| What is decision balance and what theory does it relate to |
|
Definition
| strength of perceived pro's and con's of the behavior; transtheoretical model |
|
|
Term
| In the transtheoretical model, what is the most detrimental factor in motivation to change during and what stage is it most effective in |
|
Definition
| decisional balance; contemplation stage |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model, self efficacy refers to |
|
Definition
| the client's confidence that he will be able to cope with high risk situations without relapse |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model what is temptation |
|
Definition
| the intensity of the urge to engage in problem behavior |
|
|
Term
| According to Prochaska and DiClemente's transtheoretical model how are self efficacy and temptation related |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Miller and Rollnick's therapy is called |
|
Definition
| motivational interviewing |
|
|
Term
| What is a good therapy to use when a client is ambivalent to change |
|
Definition
| motivational interviewing-Miller and Rollnick |
|
|
Term
| What 3 therapist technique does Motivational Interviewing-Miller and Rollnick stress and which theory are they borrowed from |
|
Definition
| therapist empathy, reflective listening, responding to client resistence; person centered thrapy |
|
|
Term
| According to Motivational Interviewing-Miller and Rollnick, what is focused on |
|
Definition
| change....factors in the way of change |
|
|
Term
| What are the goals of Motivational Interviewing-Miller and Rollnick |
|
Definition
| enhance clients intrinsic motivation to change |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 general principles used in Motivational Interviewing-Miller and Rollnick when selecting strategies |
|
Definition
| express empathy, develop discrepencies between current bahavior and goals, roll with the resistance, support self efficacy |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 techniques used in Motivational Interviewing-Miller and Rollnick (Uses an acronym) |
|
Definition
| OARS- open ended questions, affirmations, reflective listening, summaries |
|
|
Term
Recent research has found that women in which of the following groups have the highest lifetime rate of victimization by an intimate partner:
a. White Americans
b. African Americans
c. Asian pacific Islanders
d. American Indians/Alaska Natives |
|
Definition
d. American Indians/Alaska Natives |
|
|
Term
Studies comparing the age at which gays and lesbians first disclose their sexual orientation to a friend, family member, or other gay person have found that:
a. The average age of disclosure for gay men is 2-3 years earlier than the average age of disclosure for lesbians
b. The average age of disclosure for gay men is 5-6 years earlier than the average age of disclosure for lesbians
c. The average age of disclosure for lesbians is 3-4 years earlier than the average age of disclosure for gay men
d. The average age of disclosure for gay men and lesbians are not significantly different |
|
Definition
d. The average age of disclosure for gay men and lesbians are not significantly different |
|
|
Term
D.W. Sue (1978) describes “worldview” in terms of two independent dimensions—locus of control and locus of responsibility. From this perspective, an Anglo-American therapist with an internal local of control and internal locus of responsibility is most likely to experience problems when working with an African-American client who has an:
a. External locus of control and an internal locus of responsibility
b. External locus of control and an external locus of responsibility
c. Internal locus of control and an internal locus of responsibility
d. External locus of control and an internal locus of responsibility |
|
Definition
c. Internal locus of control and an internal locus of responsibility
|
|
|
Term
| Freud's strucural theory posits the personality with three structures. The _____consists of a person's instincts, which serve as the source of all psychic energy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ego mediates conflicts between the _____ and reality or the super ego. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The superego develops at about age ____ or _____ and represents an internalization of society's values and standards. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Freud's developmental theory proposes that an individual's personality is formed during 5 _______ stages of development. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During each stage, the id's ______ is centered in a different part of the body. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As defined by Freud, anxiety alerts the ______ to internal or external danger related to a conflict between the id and the superego or reality or to an actual threat in the external environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| To ward off danger, the ego may resort to one of its defense mechanisms, such as _______, which involves avoiding an anxiety arousing instinct by expressing its opposite. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Psychoanalysis entails a combination of ________, ________, __________, and working through. |
|
Definition
| confrontation, clarification, interpretation |
|
|
Term
| Recent modifications in the Freudian approach consider the therapist's ______ to be an important source of information about a patient as long as it is recognized and managed appropriately. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adler emphasized the role of _____ factors in peronality development and adopted a _______ approach that views behavior as being motivated largely by future goals. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Adler, a person's _____ reflects the ways he chooses to compensate for feelings of inferiority and to acheive superiority. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ________ unconscious contains material that was once conscious but is now repressed or forgotten |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The self, the persona, and the shadow are ______ that are part of the collective unconscious and have particular importance for personality development. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Object relations theorists consider_____to be a basic inborn drive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In terms of development, Mahler's theory emphasizes the _____ process, which begins at four or five months of age, and she attributes many forms of psychpathology to problems in this phase. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Kernberg, Borderline Personality Disorder is due to inadequate resolutions of _____ objects into good and bad components. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Roger's person centered therapy is based on the assumption that all people have an inherent tendency to ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unconditional______ involves accepting a client without evaluation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ is the ability to understand the world as the client does. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is provided when a therapist honestly communicates his feelings to the client when it is appropriate to do so. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gestalt therapy is based on the assumption that each person is capable of living fully as an ______ whole. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The self is an important concept in Gestalt therapy, and neurotic (maladaptive) behavior is viewed as a growth disorder that occurs when the individual abandons the self for the _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neuroses are often related to boundary disturbance such as _____, which occurs when a person psychologically swallows whole concepts from the environment without fully understanding them. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gestaltians consider awareness to be the primary curative factor in therapy, with awareness involving a full understanding of one's____, ____, and _____in the here and now. |
|
Definition
| thoughts, feelings, actions |
|
|
Term
| For existential therapists, maladaptive behavior is due to an inability to cope authentically with the_______ of existence. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Existential therapists distinguish between existential anxiety and ______ anxiety, with the latter often resulting from an attempt to avoid the former. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glasser's reality therapy believes that people have five basic needs:_____, _____, ______, ______, and _____. |
|
Definition
| love and belonging; survival; power; freedom; fun |
|
|
Term
| When people fulfill their needs in a responsible way, they have adopted a _____ identity, but when people gratify their needs in an irresponsible way, they have assumed a ____ identity. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Kelly, psychological processes are determined by how a person construes events, with construing involving the use of personal constructs, which are _____ dimensions of meaning that begin to develop in infancy and may operate on an unconsious or conscious level. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kelly devised ______to help clients try on and adopt alternative personal constructs. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary goals of interpersonal therapy are _____ and improved interpersonal functioning. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Interpersonal therapy interventions address one or more of four problem areas unresolved _____, ____ role ____, role _____, and/or interpersonal ____. |
|
Definition
| grief; interpersonal role disputes; role transitions; interpersonal deficits |
|
|
Term
| The transtheoretical model is based on the assumption that the best interventions are those that match the client's_____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transtheoretical model: A person in the ____stage intends to take action within the next six months. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transtheoretical model: a person in the ____stage has maintained behavior change for at least 6 months |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Motivational Interviewing combines the transtheoretical model with elements of ____ _____ therapy and Bandura's notion of self-efficacy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
_______ is when an individual changes his behavior because he privately accepts and believes the attitudes or behaviors of the other person to be correct.
A. Internalization
B. Compliance
C. Identification
D. Minority Influence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ________ unconscious contains memories that have been passed down from one generation to the next. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Jung proposed that personality is the result of both _____and _______ processes |
|
Definition
| conscious and unconscious |
|
|
Term
| The unconscious processes is made up of the ________ unconscious and the ________ unconscious |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Roger's person centered therapy is based on the assumption that incongruence between_____ and experience interferes with self actalizing tendency. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Family therapies view the family as primarily an ______system that receives input from and discharges output to the environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Family Therapies integrate concepts from _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ________ feedback loop provides the family system with information that helps maintain the status quo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ________ feedback loop provides the family system with information that amplifies deviation or change that therby disrupts the system. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Many individual psychotherapies are based on Western, _______, scientific tradition and emphasize a linear cause-effect relationships and individualism and reflect a deterministic perspective. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Family therapies are consistant with ___________ tradition and reflect a reciprocal view of causality and relational, contextual, relativistic perspective. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who is the grandfather of family therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who is frequently cited for his work in double bind communication in the development of schizophrenia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Family therapy what is double bind communication |
|
Definition
| uses conflicting negative injunctions, one expressed verbally and the other expressed non-verbally |
|
|
Term
| In Family therapy what is symetrical communication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Family therapy what is complementary communication |
|
Definition
| participants are unequal and the differences are maximized |
|
|
Term
| In Family therapy when members have low levels of differentiation they easily _________ with other family members which can result in an undifferentiated family ego mass. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Family therapy when does an emotional triangle develop |
|
Definition
| two people recruit another into the system in order to increase stability and reduce tension |
|
|
Term
| For Bowenians, the assessment of a family often includes construction of a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| depicts the relationships between family members |
|
|
Term
| In structural family therapy maladaptive behavior is viewed as being related to boundaries that are____________ or _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Minuchin's structural family therapy boundaries that are too diffuse family members can become ____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Minuchin's structural family therapy boundaries that are too rigid family members can become ____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Minuchin distinguished between 3 chronic boundary disturbances or rigid triads (Structural Family Therapy) |
|
Definition
| stable coalition, detouring, triangulation |
|
|
Term
| According to Minuchin-structural family therapy, detouring is |
|
Definition
| parent overprotects or blames the child |
|
|
Term
| According to Minuchin-structural family therapy, a stable coalition is |
|
Definition
| parent and child gang up on other parent |
|
|
Term
| According to Minuchin-structural family therapy, triangulation is |
|
Definition
| parent demands the child side with him |
|
|
Term
| A first step in minuchins Structural family therapy is called ____________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Minuchin-structural family therapy, joining is |
|
Definition
| blending the family by adopting its style |
|
|
Term
| Haley's Strategic family therapy emphasizes the role of________in maladaptive behavior and how it is used to control relationships |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Haley's Strategic family therapy-Haley uses Paradoxial interventions designed to use the client's ______ in a constructive way |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Haley's Strategic family therapy-Haley what are the paradoxial interventions (4) |
|
Definition
| Ordeals, positioning, reframing, prescribing the symptom |
|
|
Term
| In Haley's Strategic family therapy-Haley what are ordeals |
|
Definition
| doing an unpleasant task performed when client engages in target behavior |
|
|
Term
| In Haley's Strategic family therapy-Haley what is positioning |
|
Definition
| exaggerating the severity of a symptom |
|
|
Term
| In Haley's Strategic family therapy-Haley what is reframing |
|
Definition
| relabeling a symptom to give it a more positive meaning |
|
|
Term
| In Haley's Strategic family therapy-Haley what is prescribing the symptom |
|
Definition
| instructing a family member to deliberately engage in the symptom |
|
|
Term
| Milan systemic family therapists use several techniques (4) |
|
Definition
| hypothesizing, neutrality, paradox, circular questions |
|
|
Term
| According to Milan systemic family therapy, what is hypothesizing |
|
Definition
| therapist and team derive tentative hypotheses about the functioning of teh family system |
|
|
Term
| According to Milan systemic family therapy, what is neutrality |
|
Definition
| therapist remains an ally of the entire family |
|
|
Term
| According to Milan systemic family therapy, what are circular questions |
|
Definition
| used to help recognize differences and similarities in perceptions |
|
|
Term
| What is the goal of Milan systemic family therapy |
|
Definition
| help family members to see their choices and assist them in exercising choice |
|
|
Term
| According to Milan systemic family therapy, what is a Strategy conference |
|
Definition
| observations of the team are made known to the therapist |
|
|
Term
| According to Milan systemic family therapy, how is parodox used |
|
Definition
| to provide family members with information that will help them derive solutions to problems |
|
|
Term
| Which of the family therapies uses a team |
|
Definition
| Milan systemic family therapy |
|
|
Term
| Which of the family therapies is based on the premise that families have circular patterns of action and reaction |
|
Definition
| Milan Systemic family therapy |
|
|
Term
| What therapy has the goal of helping family members to see their choices and assist them in exercising choice |
|
Definition
| Milan Systemic family therapy |
|
|
Term
| Object relations family therapists believe that maladaptive behavior is the result of both ___________ and ________ factors |
|
Definition
| intrapsychic, interpersonal |
|
|
Term
| The goal of Object relations family therapy is |
|
Definition
| to resolve each family members attachment to family introjects |
|
|
Term
| What is the Reality principle |
|
Definition
| the id's inability to gratify all of its needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ids needs are excluded from conscious reality |
|
|
Term
| What is Psychic determinism |
|
Definition
| The belief that all behaviors aremeaningful |
|
|
Term
| In object relations therapy what is an introject |
|
Definition
| child's internal representations of objects and object relations that become part of the self |
|
|
Term
| In object relations therapy what is projective identification |
|
Definition
| a person projects a bad object into another and then identifies with it. |
|
|
Term
| In object relations therapy what is the goal of therapy |
|
Definition
| to restore the client's ability to relate to others in meaningful realistic ways. Bring maladaptive unconscious relationship dynamics into consciousness to replace dysfunctional internalized object representations with more appropriate ones |
|
|
Term
| What is the Symbiotic phase and what theory does it relate to |
|
Definition
| child becomes aware of motherbut is unable to differentiate between me and not me; object relations |
|
|
Term
| What happens in the first formative stage of group therapy (4) |
|
Definition
| orientation, hesitant participation, search for meaning, dependency |
|
|
Term
| What happens in the second formative stage of group therapy (3) |
|
Definition
| conflict, dominance, rebellion |
|
|
Term
| What happens in the third formative stage of group therapy (1) |
|
Definition
| development of cohesiveness |
|
|
Term
| Who wrote Theory and Practice of Group Psychology |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which stage in group therapy is there steroetyped, restricted and rational communication styles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which stage in group therapy do the members tend to talk directly to the group leader and look for the leaders approval |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which stage in group therapy do the members attempt to establish heirarchy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which stage in group therapy is advice giving replaced by criticism, judgemental statements, and negative comments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which stage in group therapy do members realize there will not be a favored child |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which stage in group therapy is there unity, intimacy and closeness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which stage in group therapy does attendance improve and self disclosure increase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Yalom, what is a critical aspect of group therapy (3) |
|
Definition
| the clients realtionship to the therapist, the other members and the group as a whole |
|
|
Term
| What term does Yalom use to describe group therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do group members usually rate as the most important curative factors in group therapy |
|
Definition
| interpersonal input, catharsis, self understanding, cohesiveness |
|
|
Term
| According to Yalom what are the 3 tasks of the group therapist (4) |
|
Definition
| creation, management, culture building, activation and illumination of the here and now |
|
|
Term
| What are forces that the group therapist works to minimize that threaten cohesiveness (3) |
|
Definition
| absences, tardiness, subgrouping |
|
|
Term
| How is group culture maximized |
|
Definition
| providing explicit and implicit directives that foster appropriate behavioral norms |
|
|
Term
| What 2 roles does a group therapist adopt in order to establish norms |
|
Definition
| technical expert,participant/model |
|
|
Term
| According to Yalom, What is calling attention to a pattern, discussing how it developed and the negative effects it may have on the group process |
|
Definition
| mass group interpretation |
|
|
Term
| How does Yalom view therapist self disclosure (transparency) |
|
Definition
| beneficial as long as it is done judiciously and responsibly |
|
|
Term
| Yalom believes that co-therapists provide additional opportunities for ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Yalom, What is process illumination |
|
Definition
| the groups attention to the here and now |
|
|
Term
| According to Yalom, What does it mean to enter the antechamber of change |
|
Definition
| when a member has gone through the sequence of understanding his behavior and how it affects the opinions others have of him and the opinions he has of himself |
|
|
Term
| How does Yalom view concurrent individual and group therapy |
|
Definition
| usually not necessary and not beneficial |
|
|
Term
| Under what conditions does Yalom support concurrent individual and group therapy |
|
Definition
| if a client is in crisis so he does not drop out of group |
|
|
Term
| What does Yalom believe happens when a client is in concurrent individual and group therapy |
|
Definition
| the client drains off the affect of the group rather than work on issues with those members |
|
|
Term
| Research has shown that 10-35% of clients drop out of group therapy within the first ____ to ___ sessions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a good way to reduce premature termination of group therapy |
|
Definition
| prescreen potential members |
|
|
Term
| According to Yalom, when is a client a good candidate for group therapy (6) |
|
Definition
| when his problems are related to interpersonal issues, he is motivated to change, has a positive view of group therapy, is sophisticated verbally and psychologically, slow to warm up to therapy, is ok with peer feedback |
|
|
Term
| According to Yalom, when is a client NOT a good candidate for group therapy (6) |
|
Definition
| severe depression, withdrawal, paranoia, acute psychosis, brain damage, sociopathy |
|
|
Term
| What is emphasized in feminist therapy |
|
Definition
| power differences between men and women and how the differential impacts both men and women's behavior |
|
|
Term
| what therapy states that intrapsychic events always occur and must be interpreted within an oppressive social context |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which therapy views maladaptive behavior as a reflection of the position of women in society; "the personal is political" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Feminist therapy views symptoms as (3) |
|
Definition
| related to the nature of traditional feminine roles or conflicts inherent to those roles, survival tactics, labels that society puts on behaviors for social control |
|
|
Term
| What is the goal for feminist therapy (2) |
|
Definition
| empowering women to be more self defining and self determining |
|
|
Term
| Striving for an egalitarian relationship, avoiding labels, avoiding revictimization, involvement in social action are 4 techniques used in what therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do feminist therapy and non-sexist therapy differ |
|
Definition
| feminist focuses on socioploitical factors while non-sexist focuses on modifying personal behavior |
|
|
Term
| What 2 things do feminist object relations therapists relate to gendered behaviors |
|
Definition
| sexual division of labor, mother-child relationship |
|
|
Term
| According to feminist object relations therapists, self in relations theory extends traditional object relations theory by proposing that many gender differences can be traced to differences in |
|
Definition
| mother/son and mother/daughter relationships |
|
|
Term
| Differences in mother/son and mother/daughter relationships underlie the differences in ________, _______, ___________, and beliefs about gender roles |
|
Definition
| self esteem, values, acheivement orientation |
|
|
Term
| What is "a broad domain that encompasses health systems, modalities, and practices and their accompanying theories and beliefs, other than those intrinsic to the dominant health system of a particular society or culture in a given historical period" |
|
Definition
| complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) |
|
|
Term
| complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) includes 3 types of therapies |
|
Definition
| reflexology, acupuncture, hypnosis |
|
|
Term
| What ailments is hypnosis beneficial for (5) |
|
Definition
| acute stress disorder, anxiety disorders, obesity, insomnia, chronic pain |
|
|
Term
| What is the traditional explanation for acupuncture effects |
|
Definition
| illness is due to a blockage of qi (vital life energy) |
|
|
Term
| What is the explanation for acupuncture effects according to research |
|
Definition
| it may release endorphins or alter blood flow |
|
|
Term
| According to research what ailments does acupunture work for |
|
Definition
| low back pain, migraine, dental pain and managing nausea from chemo |
|
|
Term
| What is an explanation for the benefits of reflexology |
|
Definition
| it restores energy flow to affected areas |
|
|
Term
| Even though there is limited supporting evidence, what ailments dis reflexology used for |
|
Definition
| stress, anxiety, some pain, premenstrual syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Hypnosis is probably best defined as an alteration in memory, perception, and mood in response to _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where were many of the principles of community psychology derived from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology how are preventions classified |
|
Definition
| primary preventions, secondary preventions, and tertiary preventions |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology primary preventions are aimed at reducing the prevalence of mental and physical disorders by decreasing the incidence of ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology how is primary prevention accomplished |
|
Definition
| by making the program available to all members of an identified group |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology primary prevention examples are (4) |
|
Definition
| immunization programs, meals on wheels, prenatal nutrition programs, public education about drugs and alcohol |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology secondary preventions are aimed at reducing the prevalence of mental and physical disorders by |
|
Definition
| reducing the duration through early detectionand intervention |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology what is an example of secondary prevention |
|
Definition
| using screening tests to identify first graders with reading disorders so they can be provided with support |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology what is the goal of secondary prevention |
|
Definition
| identify individuals needing specific treatments and providing such treatment |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology tertiary preventions are aimed at reducing the prevalence of mental and physical disorders by |
|
Definition
| reducing the duration and consequence of the disorder |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology what is an example of tertiary prevention (2) |
|
Definition
| halfway houses, education programs that improve attitudes toward former mental patients |
|
|
Term
| What are strategies used in community psychology (2) |
|
Definition
| education, preventative health care |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology what are the primary goals of the education stragedy (2) |
|
Definition
| reduce health problems by increasing preventative activities, improve the care of the ill by educating the public about the nature of the disorders and treatment |
|
|
Term
| According to research on community psychology what is the suggested approach for helping adolescents to alter health related behaviors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology what is an example of preventative health care stragedy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology's health belief model proposes that health behaviors are influenced by what factors (3) |
|
Definition
| the persons readiness to take action based on his perceived severity or suceptibility to the illness,the persons evaluation of the pros and cons of making the change, the internal and external cues to action (identify with someone affected by it) |
|
|
Term
| What does community psychology's Health Locus of Control Model propose that health related behaviors reflect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology's Health Locus of Control Model people believe (2) |
|
Definition
| they have the ability to control their health or that health depends on luck |
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology's Health Locus of Control Model implies that that a patient's health behaviors can be promoted by (who) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to community psychology what is a process in which a human services professional assists a client with a work related problem with a client system, with the goal of helping both the client and the client system in some specified way |
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Definition
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Term
| What uses a systems approach and defines the entire organization as the consultee |
|
Definition
| organizational consultation |
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Term
| What is the type of consultation that requires the consultant to adopt an explicit value orientation in order to foster the goals of a disenfranchised group (people with disabilities, oppressed group) |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the 4 stages of consultation |
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Definition
| entry, diagnosis, implementation, disengagement |
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Term
| What stage of consultation includes identifying consultees needs, contracting, and physically and psychologically entering the system |
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Definition
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Term
| During what stage of consultation is resistance most common in |
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Definition
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Term
| Resistance in consultation can be healthy or unhealthy, what makes it healthy |
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Definition
| it is a normal response to demands for change |
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Term
| Resistance in consultation can be healthy or unhealthy, when it unhealthy what is it contributed to (2) |
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Definition
| rigidity or counterproductive psychological issues |
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Term
| What stage of consultation includes gathering information, defining the problem, setting goals, and generating possible interventions |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What stage of consultation includes choosing an intervention, formulating a plan, and implementing a plan |
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Definition
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Term
| What stage of consultation includes evaluating the consultation, planning post consultation matters, reducing involvement and follow up, and termination |
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Definition
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Term
| Who's work is the mental health model largely attributed to |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Mental Health Consultation what type of consultation has the goal of developing a plan that will enable the consultee to work more effectively with a particular client. The consultant acts as an expert nd provides the consultee with relevant information |
|
Definition
| Client-Centered Case Consultation |
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Term
| According to Mental Health Consultation what type of consultation has the goal of enhancing the consultee's performance in delivering services to a particular population. The focus is on the consultee's skills, knowledge, abilities, and objectivity |
|
Definition
| Consultee-Centered Case Consultation |
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Term
| In Consultee-Centered Case Consultation what is transference that occurs when a past unresolved conflict related to a particular type of client interferes with the current situation called |
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Definition
|
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Term
| According to Mental Health Consultation what type of consultation has the goal of working with one or more administrators to resolve problems related to an existing program |
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Definition
| Program-Centered Administrative Consultation |
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Term
| According to Mental Health Consultation what type of consultation has the goal of help administrative level personnel improve their professional functioning so they can be more effective in the future with regard to program development, implementation, and evaluation |
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Definition
| Consultee-Centered Administrative Consultation |
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Term
| According to Mental Health Consultation ________ _______ occurs in clinical supervision when a psychological intern replicates problems and symptoms with a supervisior that are being manifested by the intern's client. |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is the researcher that is known for research of outcome studies of psychotherapy beneficial effects |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What researchers work is usually cited in the controversy of psychotherapy outcomes |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are the methodological critiques of Eysnek's work (2) |
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Definition
| subjects may not have been equal in severity, some no-therapy subjects received medical treatment and support from medical staff |
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Term
| Who was the first researcher to use a meta-analysis in psychotherapy outcomes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a meta-analysis and it involves using an ____ ____. |
|
Definition
| combines the results of multiple studies and involves an effect size |
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Term
|
Definition
| converts data from different studies to a common metric so the results can be quantitatively compared or combined |
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Term
| How is an effect size calculated |
|
Definition
| subtract the mean outcome score of the control group from the mean outcome score of the treatment group and divide the difference by the standard deviation of the control group |
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|
Term
| What does the effect size tell a researcher |
|
Definition
| the difference between average subjects in the treatment and control groups in terms of standard deviation units |
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Term
| Using a meta analysis to combine 475 outcome studies with the mean effect size of .85. This figure indicates that the average subject is better off than ____% of those in the control group. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Lipsey and Wilson found that according to the effect size of their meta analysis, psychological treatments equal or exceed those for _____ and eduactional treatments and are generally_______ in practical as well as statistical terms |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Have any meta analysis studies found one treatment to be superior across different disorders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lambert and Bergin found that positive change in therapy is not due |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Research by Howard et al indicates that relationship between treatment length and outcome levels off at about ___ sessions |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Howard's research results _____% of patients showed measurable improvement at 26 sessions. However, after 52 sessions the number increased to only ___%. This is referred to as the ______ _____ effect. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Howard described a _____ model of therapy that predicts that the benefits of treatment vary, depending on the number of sessions. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Research by Howard et al indicates that the effects of therapy can be described in 3 stages that are related to length of treatment. Remoralization, remediation, and rehabilitation. What is remoralization |
|
Definition
| a client's feelings of hopelessness and desperation respond quickly to therapy. this happens during the first few sessions |
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|
Term
| Research by Howard et al indicates that the effects of therapy can be described in 3 stages that are related to length of treatment. Remoralization, remediation, and rehabilitation. What isn remediation |
|
Definition
| focus is on symptoms that brought the client to therapy. symptomatic relief requires about 16 sessions |
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|
Term
| Research by Howard et al indicates that the effects of therapy can be described in 3 stages that are related to length of treatment. Remoralization, remediation, and rehabilitation. What is rehabilitation |
|
Definition
| unlearning troublesome, maladaptive, habitual behaviors and establishing new ways of dealing with various aspects of life |
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|
Term
| What are efficacy studies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are effectiveness studies |
|
Definition
| correlational or quasi-experimental in nature |
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|
Term
| What does Seligman say about efficacy studies |
|
Definition
| the strict experimental control used in efficacy studies limits generalizability of the results |
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|
Term
| What do Jacobson and Christensen say about efficacy versus effectiveness studies |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Jacobson and Christensen, efficacy studies are useful in establishing |
|
Definition
| whether the treatment had an effect or not |
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|
Term
| According to Jacobson and Christensen, efficacy studies are useful in assessing |
|
Definition
| clinical utility (i.e. cost effectiveness, generalizability, feasibility) |
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|
Term
| According to Sue, which ethnic group in the Los Angeles area was most likely to have best outcomes after therapy, and which group was least likely |
|
Definition
| Hispanic American; African American |
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|
Term
| Which ethnic group receives a disproportionate share of mental health services in the emergency room or psychiatric hospitals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group is underrepresented in both outpatient and inpatient settings |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group receives the most treatment for depression |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group receives the most treatment for illicit drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group is least likely to prematurely terminate therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sue found that therapist client matching (race, ethnicity) did not reduced premature termination rates for which ethnic group |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sue found that therapist client matching (race, ethnicity)was associated with improved treatment outcomes for which ethnic group |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Maramba and Hall concluded that ethnic matching has what effect on number of therapy sessions attended |
|
Definition
| small, not significant but positive |
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|
Term
| Which three mental health problems are most common among older adults (in order of prevalence) |
|
Definition
| anxiety, severe cognitive impairment, depression |
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|
Term
| In regard to benefiting from therapy how do older adults compare to younger adults |
|
Definition
| same as younger adults but may respond slower |
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|
Term
| According to Gatz, what type of intervention is "well established" for older adults to treat dementia |
|
Definition
| behavioral and environmental interventions |
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|
Term
| According to Gatz, what type of intervention is "probably efficious" for older adults to treat dementia |
|
Definition
| memory and cognitive retraining |
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|
Term
| According to Gatz, what type of intervention is "probably efficious" for older adults to treat depression |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intervention for older adults are most effective when they are |
|
Definition
| tailored to the specific need and circumstance of the client |
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|
Term
| The National Violence Against Women Survey found that _____% of female respondants and ____% of male respondants said they have been physically assaulted by a current or former intimate partner at sometime during their life. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the National Alcohol and Family Violence Survey found ______to be the single best predictor of cessation of battery. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which income bracket is most likely to report continued violence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical interventions for battered women should be appropriate to the womans needs, and emphasize ______ ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical interventions for battered women should have goals that ensure client safety and include methods for increasing self____,sense of _____ and ______. |
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Definition
| esteem, empowerment, control |
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|
Term
| Clinical interventions for battered women should be based on consideration of ________ factors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In regard to seeking treatment for abuse, a woman's ______ ______ can affect the liklihood that she will seek treatment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why must clinicians continually monitor their own feelings, attitudes, and behaviors when working with battered women |
|
Definition
| vicarious victimization and alteration of their own schemas related to trust and safety |
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|
Term
| What type of therapy is best when the abuse is expressive (emotional, mutual, followed by remorse) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of therapy is contraindicated when the abuse is instrumental (without provocation, goal oriented, unilateral, no remorse) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What factors are indicators that a woman will stay in an abusive relationship(4) |
|
Definition
| commitment to the relationship, economic dependence, belief the batterer will change, fear of retaliation from batterer |
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|
Term
| What are the criticism of treatment manuals (2) |
|
Definition
| they over simplify the process, misuse of techniques |
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|
Term
| What is a positive aspect of using treatment manuals |
|
Definition
| capitalize on the actuarial approach to clinical decision making while avoiding the pitfalls of clinical judgement |
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|
Term
| What can happen when providing patients with nonspecific factors of psychotherapy such as attention and support |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is it called when there is a tendency to contribute all problems to a specific diagnosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Research has shown that overshadowing is not related to a professional's ______ ______, ______, and ______. |
|
Definition
| theoretical orientation, experience, or expertise |
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|
Term
| What is it called when a professional overlooks a clients vocational problems because the client has a co-existing personal problem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of intervention has a goal of making changes in the environment so that it better accomodates the individual |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of intervention has a goal of making changes to the individual so that he is better able to function effectively within his environment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a survey of 749 psychologists, Guy, Poelstra, and Stark found that ___% of participants said they experiencedpersonal distress in the past 3 years,with ___% saying it decreased the quality of their work, and __% admitting that it resulted in inadequate treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did therapists find to be the most stressful type of client behavior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did therapists consider to be the most stressful aspect of their work |
|
Definition
| lack of therapeutic success |
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|
Term
| What did therapists find to be the most frequently encountered ethical dilemma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prevalence of mental illness is higher among ______ in all age groups |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Admission rates into county psychiatric hospitals are higher for men or women? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do men have a higher rate of admission into psychiatric hospitals |
|
Definition
| they exhibit more acting out behaviors |
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|
Term
| Why was there an increase in the male to female ratio for psychiatric hospital admission beginning in the mid 1960's |
|
Definition
| there was achange in emphasis in commitment criteria from psychopathology to perceived dangerousness |
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|
Term
| Psychiatric inpatients rates for both men and women are lowest for _____ (marital status) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Psychiatric inpatients rates for both men and women are an intermediate amount for _____ (marital status) |
|
Definition
| married, divorced, seperated |
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|
Term
| Psychiatric inpatients rates for both men and women are highest for _____ (marital status) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Psychiatric inpatients rates for whites is largest but when population proportions are taken into account, patients from other races are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Psychiatric inpatients admission rates for both men and women is highest in the ___ to ___ age range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Schizophrenia is the most common diagnosis for inpatients in the ___ to ___ age range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most common and second most common diagnoses for those 65 and older |
|
Definition
| organis disorder, affective disorder |
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|
Term
| Admission rates for out patient facilities are higher for men or women? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What ethnic group represents 70% of admissions to both inpatient and out patient facilities |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Eysenck concluded that the apparent benefits of psychotherapy are due to ______ ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because African American's tend to view things as being interconnected, they tend to emphasize ______ welfare over ______ welfare. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Roles between African American men and women tend to be_____ and adults and children may adopt multiple roles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Due to their history in the USA, Afrival Americans may exhibit signs of healthy _____ ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Boyd-Franklins model model uses ecostructural or ecological systems approach and referred to as a _______model. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of model intervenes at multiple levels, addresses multiple systems, and empowers the family by utilizing its strengths and what population is it reccommended for |
|
Definition
| multisystems model for African American families |
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|
Term
| What systems are sometimes incorporated into multisystems model for African American families (5) |
|
Definition
| extended family, non blood kin, church, community resources, and social services |
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|
Term
| Some researchers reccommend using a ______ ______, directive, goal oriented, _____ _____ approach when working with African Americans |
|
Definition
| time limited, problem solving |
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|
Term
| Some researchers reccommend fostering _______ by promoting egalitarianism in the therapeutic relationship |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a non-African American therapist is working with an African American client what is reccomended to discuss during the first session |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| American Indians and Alaskan Natives exhibit a spiritual and holistic view that emphasizs harmony with nature and regards illness as a result of ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do American Indians and Alaskan Natives put more emphasis on extended family and tribe or on the individual |
|
Definition
| extended family and tribe |
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|
Term
| American Indians and Alaskan Natives adhere to consensual collateral form of ______ ______ and decision making. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are American Indians and Alaskan Natives more present oriented or future oriented |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group exhibits a strong sense of cooperation and generosity |
|
Definition
| American Indians and Alaskan Natives |
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|
Term
| Which ethnic group considers listening more important that talking |
|
Definition
| American Indians and Alaskan Natives |
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|
Term
| American Indians clients may prefer a therapist who helps them reaffirm the value of _________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group may be distrustful of a therapists attempt to provide a value free environment for therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Work with American Indians clients should focus on building trust, and demonstrating familiarity with_____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Work with American Indians clients should focus on problem solving and use a _______approach that avoids highly directive or confrontational techniques |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Work with American Indians clients should involve ______ (who) in the treatment process |
|
Definition
| elders, medicine people, healers |
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|
Term
| Work with American Indians clients that involves family and community members in the treatment process and situates the clients psychological problems within the context of family, community, and workplace is called ______therapy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group places greater emphasis on the group (family, community) than on the individual |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group adheres to a heirachical family structure and traditional gender roles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group emphasizes harmony, interdependence, and mutual loyalty and obligation in interpersonal relationships |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group values teh restraint of strong emotions that might disrupt the peace and harmony or bring shame to the family |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapy with which ethnic group should be directive, structured, goal oriented, problem solving, and focuses on symptom alleviation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group expects therapists to give concrete advice and views the therapist as a knowledgeable expert and authority figure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When working with Asian Americans the therapist should foster participation of the client by encouaging them to take part in identifying ____ and _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapy guidelines for working with which ethnic group includes emphasizing formalisim in therapy, being aware that functions of the shame and obligation in their culture, adhere to the prescribed roles of the family |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapy guidelines for working with which ethnic group includes recognizing that modesty and self deprecation are not necessarily signs of low self esteem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapy guidelines for working with which ethnic group includes establishing credibility and competence early in therapy (i.e. disclose educational background and experience) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapy guidelines for working with which ethnic group includes preventing premature termination by providing the client with an immediate and meaningful benefit |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group(s) may express problems somatically |
|
Definition
| Asian Americans, Hispanic Americans |
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|
Term
| Therapy guidelines for working with which ethnic group includes focusing more on behaviors than on emotions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When working with Asian Americans a modified version of _____ (therapy) is suggested in order to focus more on the family than on the individual |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group emphasizes the family welfare over individual welfare and stress allegiance to family over other concerns |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group views interdependence as both healthy and necessary, and highly value connectedness and sharing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group consider discussing personal details with strangers (therapist) as highly unacceptable and believe that problems should be handled wihin the family or other natural support system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group adopts a concrete, tangible approach to life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which ethnic group often attributes the control of life events to luck, super natural forces, acts of God, or external factors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapy with which ethnic group should be directive and adopy a multimodal approach that focuses on client behavior, affect, cognition, interpersonal relationships, and biological functioning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paniagua reccomends ______ therapy with Hispanic Americans because it reinforces their view of extended family. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapy with which ethnic group should recognize that the family is patriarchal and sex roles tend to be inflexible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which ethnic group is the child-parent bond often stronger than the husband-wife bond |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which mental disorders are LGBT individuals more likely to experience (4) |
|
Definition
| anxiety, depression, substance abuse, suicidality |
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|
Term
| Increased mental disorders in LGBT clients is attributed to _____and ______ |
|
Definition
| prejudice, discrimination |
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|
Term
| According to Martin and Hetrick, the primary presenting problem among Gay and Lesbian adolescents is social and emotional ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is it called when LGBT individuals accept heterosexual society's negative evaluations of them and incorporate these into their self concept |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Consequences of ______ ______ include low self esteem, self doubt, self hatred, sense of powerlessness, denial of one's sexual orientation, and destructive behavior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Sue,prejudice, discrimination, and internalized homophobia can be adressed in therapy by correcting _____ _____, provide training in ______ and _____ skills, and activating support systems |
|
Definition
| cognitive distortions, assertiveness and coping, |
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|
Term
| Morris, Waldo, and Rothblum found that the higher degree of outness for lesbians the was associated with ____ levels of psychological distress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When working with Hispanic American clients the therapist should emphasize ______ exceptduring initial sessions when formalismo is more appropriate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Savin and Diamond compared sexual identity trajectories of male and female sexual minority youth and found that adolescent ____ had an earlier onset of all milestones except first disclosure of sexual orientation to another person. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sue and Sue describe ____ _____ as involving awareness of their assumptions, values, and beliefs of other cultures, knowledge of various cultural groups histories, and skills that utilize appropriate modalities for different cultures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Sue and Zane, credibility and giving are critical when working with culturally diverse clients. Credibility refers to the clients perception that the therapist is_____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Sue and Zane, credibility and giving are critical when working with culturally diverse clients. Giving refers to the clients perception that he has |
|
Definition
| received something from therapy |
|
|
Term
| According to Sue and Zane research on cultural competence, ____ in the context of therapy include anxiety reduction, normalization of client's problems, skill aquisition, and goal setting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The use of appropriate therapeutic interventions for clients from culturally diverse groups may involve incorporating _______ healing which are culture specific ways of dealing with distress |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is a holistic system of healing that is practiced in some Latin/Hispanic communities that is based on the assumption that illness can arise from natural or supernatural forces that affect physical, emotional, and spiritual functioning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which indigenous healing process combines religious and spiritual rituals with herbal medicine, massage, and traditional methods of healing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a Hawaiian spiritual healing ritual that means "setting it right" and attempts to restore harmony among family members by resolving a current conflict |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Hawaiian spiritual healing ritual called Ho'oponopono begins by identifying the problem and is followed by discussions that lead to _____, _____, and forgiveness. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Native American healing process that involves a ceremony in a domed structure that is heated with steam and intense heat and assumes that sweating, prayer, chanting and storytelling cleanse the body, mind, and soul |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which (integration, assimilation, separation, marginalization) is when a person maintains his own culture but also incorporates many aspects of the dominant culture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which (integration, assimilation, separation, marginalization) is when the person accepts the majority culture while relinquishing his own culture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which (integration, assimilation, separation, marginalization) is when the person draws from the dominant culture and accepts his own culture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which (integration, assimilation, separation, marginalization) is when the person does not identify with his own culture or with the dominant culture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Sue, ____is how a person perceives his relationship with nature, other people, institutions, etc. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to Sue, worldview is impacted by the person's locus of _____ and locus of ______. |
|
Definition
| control and responsibility |
|
|
Term
| White middle class therapists usually have a _____ locus of control and a ______ locus of responsibility |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| African Americans usually have a _____ locus of control and a ______ locus of responsibility |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sue and Sue found that members of minority groups are increasingly likely to have a _____ locus of control and a ______ locus of responsibility |
|
Definition
| internal locus of control, external locus of responsibility |
|
|
Term
| White therapist will have the hardest time with clients who have an ______ locus of control and an _____ locus of responsibility because they view the therapist as part of the "Establishment" that has opressed minorities |
|
Definition
| internal locus of control, external locus of responsibility |
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|
Term
| Wrenn described when therapists define everyone's reality according to their own cultural assumptions and stereotypes as _____ _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Wrenn described when therapists disregard cultural differences, ignore evidence that disconfirms their beliefs, rely on techniques and strategies to solve problems and disregard their own cultural biases as ____ _____. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Linguistic anthropologists use the term ____ to refer to culture specific theories, concepts, and research strategies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Linguistic anthropologists use the term ____ to refer to a phenomena that reflects a universal approach involving viewing people from different cultures as essentially the same |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Traditional psychology theories usually relect on an ____ (etic or emic) perspective |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ context communication is grounded in the situation, depends on group understanding, relies heavily on nonverbal cues, helps unify a culture and is slow to change |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ context communication relies primarily on the explicit, verbal part of a message. It is less unifying and can change rapidly and easily |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ context communication is most common among culturally diverse groups in the United States |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ context communication is most common among culturally diverse groups in Euro-American cultures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Internalized opression in the African-American culture can involve system____ and system _____ and total avoidance of ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some manifestations of internalized opression (3) |
|
Definition
| earning degrees to elevate self worth, consumption of material goods, escape through drugs or other vices |
|
|
Term
| Conceptual incarceration in the African-American culture involes adopting a _____ worldview and lifestyle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Split-self syndrome in the African-American culture by polarizing oneself into Good and Bad componants, with the bad componants representing one's _______ identity |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Sue and Sue describe oppression with 2 behaviors. ______ involves concealing anger or unacceptable feelings by acting composed and calm. _____ involves adopting a happy go lucky demeanor |
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Definition
| playing it cool, Uncle Tom syndrome |
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| Ridley describes _____paranoia as a healthy reaction to racism when he does not disclose to a white therapist for fear of being misunderstood or hurt |
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Definition
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| Ridley describes _____paranoia as an unhealthy condition that is an illness in itself. This happens when the client is unwilling to disclose to any therapist regardless of race or ethnicity due to general mistrust |
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Definition
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| According to Ridley, white therapists are often distrusted by minoriy groups because they often misinerpret healthy, adaptive response to racism as _______ paranoia (pathology) |
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Definition
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| According to Ridley's model, a client in the Intercultural Nonparanoiac Disclosure category(low functional paranoia, low cultural paranoia)is willing to self disclose to a ____ or a _____ therapist |
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Definition
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| According to Ridley's model, a client in the Functional Paranoiac category(high functional paranoia, low cultural paranoia)are non disclosive to both African American and White therapist and this is primarily due to |
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Definition
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| According to Ridley's model, a client in the Healthy Cultural Paranoiac category(low functional paranoia, high cultural paranoia) disclose to ______therapist but not to a ____ therapist due to past experiences. |
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Definition
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| According to Ridley's model, a client in the Confluent Paranoiac category(high functional paranoia, high cultural paranoia)disclose to neither African American or Anglo therapists due to _____ and the effects of______ |
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Definition
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| According to Ridley's non-disclosure model, an important part of treatment is helpin the client develop ____ ___which is the ability to recognize appropriateness for self disclosure |
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Definition
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Term
| Herek propses to replace the term homophobic with sexual stigma, heterosexism and sexual prejudice because the term is ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| Herek propses the term _____ ____ referring to the knowledge of societys negative regard for any non-heterosexual behavior, identity, relationship, or community. This creates a power differential in which homosexuals are veiwed as inferior |
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Definition
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Term
| Herek propses the term _______ referring to cultural ideologies which are "systems that provide the rationale and operating instructions" that promote and perpetrate antipathy, hostility, and violence against homosexuals. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Herek, ______ includes beliefs about gender, morality, and sexuality that define sexual minorities as deviant or threatening and is inherent in language, laws, and other cultural institutions |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Herek, ____ ____ includes negative attitudes that are based on sexual orientation, whether the target is homosexual, bisexual, or heterosexual |
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Definition
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Term
| The Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model distinguishes between 5 stages. Stage 1, is characterized by positive attitudes toward and a preference for the dominant cultural values and depreciating attitudes toward one's own culture. This stage is called |
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Definition
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| The Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model distinguishes between 5 stages. Stage 2 is marked by confusion and conflict over contradictory appreciating and depreciating attitudes that one has towards the self and toward others of teh same and different groups. This stage is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model distinguishes between 5 stages. Stage 3 is when people actively reject the dominant society and exhibit appreciating attitudes toward the self and toward members of their own group. This stage is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model distinguishes between 5 stages. Stage 4 is characterized by uncertainty about the rigidity beliefs held in stage 3 and conflicts between loyalty and responsibility toward one's group and feelings of personal autonomy. This stage is called |
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Definition
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| The Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model distinguishes between 5 stages. Stage 5 is when people experience a sense of self fulfillment with regard to their cultural identity and have a strong desire to eliminate all forms of oppression. During this stage they also adopt a multicultural perspective and objectively examine the values, beliefs, etc. of their own group and other groups before accepting or rejecting them. This stage is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model distinguishes between 5 stages. In what manner do people move through these stages |
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Definition
| linear, stuck at one, or forward and backward |
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Term
| The Black Racial Identity Model involves a shift from Black self- ____ to Black self- ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| The Black Racial Identity Model involves 4 stages. Stage 1- race and racial identity have a low salience during this stage. Individuals have adopted a mainstream identity. This stage is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The Black Racial Identity Model involves 4 stages. Stage 2- exposure to a single significant race-related event leads to a greater racial/cultural awareness and an awareness and an interest in developing a Black identity. This stage is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The Black Racial Identity Model involves 4 stages. Stage 3- race and racial identity have high salience during this stage. During this stage Blacks and Black culture feel rage toward the white culture aswell as guilt and anxiety about his previous lack of awareness of race. Intense emotions subside but White culture is still rejected, A Black identity is internalized. This stage is called |
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Definition
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Term
| The Black Racial Identity Model involves 4 stages. Stage 4- race continues to have high salience and individuals adopt 1 of 3 identities (pro-black, non-racist-Afrocentric, or biculturist. This stage is called |
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Definition
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Term
| White Racial Development Model involves 6 statuses. 1-3 involves ____ racism. 4-6 involves developing a _______ White identity |
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Definition
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Term
| White Racial Development Model involves 6 statuses. Contact Status - the individual has little awareness of racism or of his racial identity. He may exhibit unsophisticated behaviors that reflect racist attitudes. The IPS for this status is ___ and _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| White Racial Development Model involves 6 statuses. Disintegration Status- increasing awareness of race and racism leads to confusion and emotional conflict. Person may over-identify with members of minority groups, act paternalistic toward them, or retreat into White society. The IPS for this status is _____ of information and _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| White Racial Development Model involves 6 statuses. Reinteration Status- the individual attempts to resolve the moral dilemmas associated with the disintegration status by idealizing White society and denigrating members of minority groups. May blame minority groups for their problems, view Whites as victims of reverse discrimination. The IPS for this status is selective _____ and negative _____ distortion |
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Definition
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Term
| White Racial Development Model involves 6 statuses. Pseudo-Independence Status- a personally jarring event causes teh person to question his racist views and acknowledge the role that Whites have had in perpetuating racism. The person is interested in understanding cultural differences but does so only on an intellectual level. The IPS for this status is selective _____and reshaping ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| White Racial Development Model involves 6 statuses. Immersion-Emersion Status- individual explores what it means to be White, confronts his own biases, begins to understand the ways he benefits from White privilege. There is increased experential and affective understanding of racism and oppression. The IPS for this status is ______ and ______. |
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Definition
| hypervigilence, reshaping |
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Term
| White Racial Development Model involves 6 statuses. Autonomy Status- the individual internalizes a non-racist White identity that includes an appreciation of and respect for cultural differences and similarities. Actively seeks out interactions with members of diverse groups. The IPS for this status is ____ and _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the White Racial Development Model, What is it called when a client and a therapist have the same level of cultural identity |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the White Racial Development Model, What is it called when a therapist level of cultural identity is at least one level more advanced than the clients |
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Definition
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Term
| According to the White Racial Development Model, What is it called when a clients level of cultural identity is at least one level more advanced than the therapists |
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Definition
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| According to the White Racial Development Model, What is it called when a therapist and the clients level of cultural identity are opposite |
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Definition
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Term
| The Homosexual (Gay/Lesbian) Identity Development Model has 4 stages. Stage 1: Sensitization- feeling different. This is characteristic at what stage of development |
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Definition
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Term
| The Homosexual (Gay/Lesbian) Identity Development Model has 4 stages. Stage 2:Self Recognition, Identity Confusion-an individual realizes that he is attracted to members of teh same sex. These feelings are attributed to homosexuality and produces turmoil and confusion. This is characteristic at what stage of development |
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Definition
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Term
| The Homosexual (Gay/Lesbian) Identity Development Model has 4 stages. Stage 3:Identity Assumption- individual becomes more certain of his homosexuality and may deal with the realization in several different ways(3) |
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Definition
| pass off as straight, aligning with other gays, acting out in ways consistent with society stereotypes of homosexuality |
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Term
| The Homosexual (Gay/Lesbian) Identity Development Model has 4 stages. Stage 4: Commitment, Identity Integration- individuals _____ their homosexuality |
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Definition
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