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Definition
| the psychosexual stage that extends from about 6 months to three years of age, during which the child focuses on urination and defecation as means of satisfaction. |
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| a psychoanalytic technique that attempts to shed light on unconscious material. because dreams are regarded as heavily laden with unconscious wishes in symbolic form, the analysis of dreams is believed to provide important clues to these wishes. |
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Definition
| psychotherapy of relatively brief duration that has grown in popularity due in large part to the cost-containment measures imposed by health care systems. Many brief therapies have retained a psychodynamic identity. |
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Definition
| the release of psychic energy (achieved by reliving traumatic events) believed by psychoanalysts to have important therapeutic benefits. |
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| death instincts (Thanatos) |
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Definition
| the innate drives that are responsible for all the negative or destructive aspects of behavior. |
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Definition
| strategies used by the ego to stave off threats originating internally, from one's id or superego. (ego defenses) |
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Definition
| the organized, rational component of the personality. the ego uses perception, learning, planning, and so forth to satisfy the needs of the organism while at the same time preserving its place in the world. |
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Definition
| an alternative to traditional psychoanalysis that is characterized by relative deemphases on the role of the unconscious and the exploration of childhood experience and relative emphases on the adaptive functions of the ego and the exploration of contemporary problems in living. |
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Definition
| the defense mechanism that occurs when the frustration and anxiety of the next psychosexual stage cause the individual to be arrested at their current level of psychosexual development. |
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Definition
| a cardinal rule psychoanalysis in which patients are required to say anything and everything that comes to mind. over time, free association is believed to shed light on unconscious thoughts and urges. |
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Definition
| the psychosexual stage that follows the onset of adolescence and ideally culminates in a mature expression of sexuality. |
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Definition
| the deep, inaccessible portion of the personality that contains the instinctual urges. the id is without order, logic, or morals and operated solely to gratify the instinctual urges. |
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Definition
| in psychoanalytic psychotherapy, a complete understanding of the unconscious determinants of one's irrational and problematic thoughts, feelings, or behaviors. |
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Term
| interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) |
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Definition
| a brief, insight-oriented therapy that is psychodynamic in tone. IPT has been applied primarily to the treatment of depression and is considered a well-established, empirically supported treatment (EVT) for this disorder. |
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Definition
| a method in which the psychoanalyst reveals the unconscious meanings of the patient's thoughts and behaviors, thus helping the patient to achieve insight. interpretation is the cornerstone of nearly every form of dynamic psychotherapy. |
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Definition
| the psychosexual stage that extends from about 5-12 years of age, during which the child is characterized by a lack of overt sexual activity (and perhaps even a negative orientation toward anything sexual). |
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Definition
| the symbolic meaning of a dream's events. |
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Definition
| the innate drives that are responsible for all the positive or constructive aspects of behavior. |
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Definition
| what actually happens during a dream. |
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Definition
| anxiety that arises from the concern that a person will act in a way that conflicts with the standards of his or her conscience. |
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Definition
| anxiety that stems from the fear that a person's id impulses will be expressed unchecked, thus resulting in trouble. |
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Definition
| the phase in which a child feel sexual attraction for the parent of the opposite sex and feelings of hostility toward the parent of the same sex. the superego emerges from the resolution of this complex. |
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Definition
| the psychosexual stage spanning about the first year of life, during which the mouth is the chief source of pleasure and satisfaction. |
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Definition
| the psychosexual stage that extends from about 3-7 years of age, during which the sexual organs become the primary source of gratification. |
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Definition
| the rule of conduct by which one seeks pleasure to avoid pain. The id operates according to the pleasure principle. |
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Definition
| the irrational and impulsive type of thinking that characterizes the id. |
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Definition
| the defense mechanism that occurs when a person attributes their unconscious feeling to someone else. |
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Definition
| a major assumption of Freudian theory that holds that everything that one does has a meaning and is goal directed. |
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Definition
| a series of developmental stages posited by Freud, each of which is marked by the involvement of a particular erogenous zone of the body. |
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Definition
| the defense mechanism that occurs when an unconscious impulse is consciously expressed by its behavioral opposite. |
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Definition
| anxiety that arises from the presence of a real danger in the outside world. |
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Definition
| the rule of conduct by which one defers the gratification of instinctual urges until a suitable object and mode of satisfaction are discovered. the ego operates according to the reality principle. |
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Definition
| the defense mechanism that occurs when extensive frustration causes a person to return to a stage that once provided a great deal of gratification. |
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Definition
| the most basic defense mechanism. repression serves to keep highly threatening sexual or aggressive material out of conscious awareness, often involuntarily. |
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Definition
| any attempt by the patient to ward off the therapist's efforts to dissolve his or her neurotic methods for resolving problems. Any client action or behavior that prevents insight or prevents bringing unconscious material into consciousness |
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Definition
| the rational and self-preservative type of thinking that characterizes the ego. |
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Term
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Definition
| the component of the personality that represents the ideals and values of the society as they are conveyed to the child through the words and deeds of his or her parents. the role of the superego is to block unacceptable id impulses and to pressure the ego to serve the ends of morality rather than those of expediency. |
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Definition
| Breuer. the use of techniques that encourage patient talking as a way of addressing and alleviating neurotic symptoms. |
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Definition
| the bond between patient and therapist. a strong therapeutic alliance is believed to contribute significantly to to a positive therapeutic outcome. |
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Definition
| a key phenomenon in psychoanalytic therapy in which the patient reacts to the therapist as if the therapist represented an important figure from the patient's past. |
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Definition
| the portion of the mind that is not accessible to awareness. |
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Term
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Definition
| motivation that resides outside the conscious awareness. Freud posited the existence of unconscious motivation and asserted that it was responsible, in large part, for disturbed behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| a careful repeated examination of how one's conflicts and defenses have operated in many areas of one's life. it is through this process that an insight achieves true full meaning for the patient. |
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