Term
What is a Psychological Disorder? |
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Definition
A pattern of behavior, cognition, emotion, or physical symptoms demonstrated by an individual.
[[Distress, Impairment, increased risk for maladaptation]] |
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Definition
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Definition
Behaviors or feelings that include one or more of the following:
- Physically damaging
- emotionally suffering
- Interfere with daily life
- Lose touch with reality and cannot control thoughts
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Term
What is the DSM-IV?
[[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition]] |
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Definition
- A list that characterizes disorders
- All clinicians use it
- Helpful for communcations between the clinicians and the patient
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Term
| What are the weaknesses of DSM-IV? |
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Definition
- Not as neat as it appears
- Comorbidity is more rule
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| What are some biological approaches to mental disorders? |
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Definition
- The structured brain
- Biochemical cues
- Genetic factors
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Term
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Definition
| An intense and irrational fear |
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Term
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder [[GAD]] |
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Definition
| excessive and not focused |
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| Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder [[PTSD]] |
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Definition
| fear, horror, hypervigilance, re-experiencing a life changing event |
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Definition
| Trial and error.. Learning by reward and punishment |
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Definition
| associative learning. [[Dogs hear bell, they salivate because they know that food is coming]] |
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Term
What is the causal Attribution theory?
[[Learned helplessness theory]] |
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Definition
-attribute negative events to the internal, global, and stable factors
-expect them to recur in the future
-expect them recur in many areas of life |
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Term
| What are some symptoms of a panic disorder? |
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Definition
-Numbness
-pounding heartbeat
-sweating
-shaking
-chest pain |
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Term
| Neurotransmitter Bio theory for schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-norepinephrine is in locus cerulues
-seratonin is too high or too low |
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Term
| Kindling bio theory for schizophrenia? |
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Definition
| poorly regulated fight or flight system |
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| suffocation false alarm theory for schizophrenia? |
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Definition
| hypersensitivity to carbon dioxide |
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| what is the cognitive model? |
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Definition
-pay attention to bodily sensations
-misinterpret those sensations in negative ways
-results in snowballing catastrophic thinking |
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| vulnerability theory for schizophrenia? |
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Definition
| a cause of schizophrenia can be both biological and psychological |
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Term
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Definition
| the persistant intrusion of thoughts or images and the compulsive need to perform certain behavior patterns.. |
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Term
| what results in the breaking of the patterns of a person with OCD? |
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Definition
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Definition
| repetitive behaviors that a person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession as a way of reducing distress |
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| what is the biological theory behind ocd? |
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Definition
-signals are usually sent through the frontal cortex--basal ganglia--thalamus.
- in OCD like behavior, the impulse isnt shut off
-depletion of seratonin
-genetic links |
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| what is the cognitive-behavioral theory of ocd? |
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Definition
| complusion reinforces by reducing anxiety |
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| what are the symptoms of bipolar disorder? |
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Definition
-extreme emotional agitation
-optimism
-elation |
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| emotional symptoms of depression? |
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Definition
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| psychological and behavioral symptoms of depression? |
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Definition
-sleep and appetite disturbance
-fatigue/loss of energy |
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Term
| cognitive symptoms of depression? |
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Definition
-poor concentration/attention
-indecisiveness
-poor self esteem |
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| biological theories for depression? |
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Definition
-genetics
-neurotransmitter dysregulation
-brain abnormalities |
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Term
what are the 4 areas related to abnormalities in the brain ?
[[depression]] |
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Definition
-prefrontal cortex
-hippocampus
-anterior cingulated cortex
-amygdala |
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Term
| what is the negative cognitive triad theory? |
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Definition
-you have a negative view you yourself, the world, and the future
-you draw negative conclusions based on limited evidence
-ignore the good, focus and exaggerate the bad. |
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Term
| what is the ruminative response style? |
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Definition
- you focus more on how you feel rather than trying to do something about it.
-much more like in women |
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Term
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Definition
| a pattern of severely disturbed thinking, emotion, perception, and behavior that severely impairs the ability to communicate and relate to others and disrupts most aspects of daily functioning |
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Definition
| new words that only have meaning to person speaking them |
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| what are loose associations? |
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Definition
| a thought is logically unconnected |
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Definition
| based on a words double meaning or the way it sounds |
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Term
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Definition
| a jumbled mix of words that represent chaotic thoughts |
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Term
| what are delusions of influence? |
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Definition
-a category of content of thinking.
-the belief that one's bodys, thinking, or behavior is being controlled by external forces |
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Term
| what is thought insertion? |
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Definition
| the belief that other peoples thoughts are appearing in one's own mind |
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Term
| what is thought broadcasting? |
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Definition
| the belief that one's thoughts can be broadcast to others |
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Term
| what are self-significant delusions? |
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Definition
-a category of content
-exaggerated beliefs strictly based upon oneself |
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| what are delusions of persecution? |
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Definition
-a category of content.
-beliefs that others are out to harass or harm you |
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Definition
-basically false perceptions
-can create sights, smells, tastes, touch, sounds |
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| what are common symptoms of schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-lack of motivation
-bad personal hygiene |
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Term
| what are positive symptoms of schizophrenia? |
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Definition
additions to a persons mental life.
-hallucinations |
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Term
| what are negative symptoms of schizophrenia? |
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Definition
they subtract elements from a person's mental life
-reduced speech
-social withdrawal |
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Term
| what is another way to categorize schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-psychotic[[delusions and hallucinations]]
-disorganized[[chaotic behavior/inappropriate emotion]]
-negative[[lack of speech/motivation]] |
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Term
| what is the odd-eccentric cluster? |
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Definition
| paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal |
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| what is the dramatic-erratic cluster? |
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Definition
| histrionic, narcissistic, borderline, and antisocial personality disorders |
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| what is the anxious-fearful cluster? |
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Definition
| dependent, obsessive-compulsive, and avoidant personality disorders |
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Term
| what is the externalizing category of disorders? |
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Definition
| group of disorders that are disturbing to those in the child's environment |
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Term
| what are conduct disorders? |
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Definition
appear in children around age 11/12, and involve aggression, destructiveness, disobedience and other problematic behaviors that may show development of antisocial personality disorder
adhd is included under this category |
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| what is the internalizing category of disorders? |
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Definition
disorders includes distress, especially depression, anxiety, and social withdrawal
-separation anxiety disorder- child is afraid of being lost or parent being harmed |
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Term
| What is the pervasive developmental disorders category? |
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Definition
show severe deficits in communication, impaired social relationships, and often, repetitive stereotyped behaviors and unusual preoccupations and interests.
--autism. |
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Term
| what is The biopsychosocial model? |
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Definition
| looks at abnormal behavior as caused by a combination and interaction of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors |
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Term
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Definition
| descriptive criteria of sixteen major mental disorders |
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Definition
| personality disorders and mental retardation. |
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Definition
| physical conditions or disorders |
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Definition
| types and levels of stress. |
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Definition
| rating of the highest level of functioning |
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Definition
| persistent extreme mood swings that are inconsistent with environmental events. |
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Term
| what are major depressive disorders? |
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Definition
| involves feelings of sadness, hopelessness, inadequacy, worthlessness, and guilt that persist for long periods. Also common are changes or disturbances in eating habits, sleep, decision making, and concentration |
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Term
| what is dysthymic disorder? |
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Definition
| similar to those of major depressive disorder but to a lesser degree and spread out over a longer time period. |
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