Term
An example of a hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus would be
A) prolactin.
B) thyroid-stimulating hormone.
C) ACTH.
D) thyrotropin releasing hormone. |
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Definition
| thyrotropin releasing hormone |
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Term
Regarding thyroid hormones, the primary secretory product of the normal thyroid gland is in the form of
A) thyroxine (T4).
B) triiodothyronine (T3).
C) iodine.
D) thyroglobulin (Tg). |
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Definition
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Term
A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is:
A) digoxin
B) lithium
C) acetaminophen
D) phenytoin |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas?
A) Insulin
B) Gastrin
C) Glucagon
D) Somatostatin |
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Definition
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Term
The conversion of glucose or other hexoses into lactate or pyruvate is called:
A) glycogenesis
B) gluconeogenesis
C) glycogenolysis
D) glycolysis |
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Definition
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Term
Clinical assays for tumor markers are MOST important for:
A) screening for the presence of cancer
B) monitoring the course of a known cancer
C) confirming the absence of disease
D) identifying patients at risk for cancer |
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Definition
| monitoring the course of a known cancer |
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Term
Scurvy is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin B12
D) Vitamin D |
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Definition
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Term
Low magnesium levels can cause which of the following conditions?
A) Hypotension
B) Respiratory depression
C) Tetany
D) Bradycardia |
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Definition
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Term
What is the normality of 3.g NaOH in 500mL of solution? (GMW =40, Valence=1)
A) 1.11N
B) 1.5N
C) 0.15 N
D) 0.11N |
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Definition
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Term
Bioavailablity of a drug refers to:
A) Availability for therapeutic administration
B) Availability of the protein-bound fraction of the drug
C) Drug transformation
D) The fraction of the drug absorbed into the systemic circulation |
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Definition
| The fraction of the drug absorbed into the systemic circulation |
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Term
Pituitary secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is inhibited by elevated levels of:
A) Aldosterone
B) Cortisol
C) Progesterone
D) Epinephrine |
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Definition
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Term
Activated forms of normal cellular genes are termed
A) oncogenes.
B) proto-oncogenes.
C) preoncogenes.
D) oncofetal antigens. |
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Definition
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Term
Given these values: 100, 120, 150, 140, 130. What is the mean?
A) 100
B) 130
C) 128
D) 640 |
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Definition
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Term
In a specimen collected for plasma glucose analysis, sodium fluoride:
A) serves as a coenzyme of hexokinase
B) prevents reactivity of non-glucose reducing substances
C) precipitates proteins
D) inhibits glycolysis |
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Definition
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Term
The lipoprotein that gather up excess cholesterol for transport back to the liver is:
A) VLDL
B) LDL
C) HDL
D) Chylomicrons |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is associated with the use of aspirin in young children?
A) Otitis media
B) Reye's syndrome
C) Cystic fibrosis
D) Gastroenteritis |
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Definition
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Term
The principle excretory form of nitrogen is:
A) amino acids
B) urea
C) creatinine
D) uric acid |
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Definition
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Term
Respiratory alkalosis is commonly caused by:
A) starvation
B) hyperventilation
C) emphysema
D) hypoxia |
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Definition
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Term
The extent to which measurements agree with the true value of the quantity being measured is known as the:
A) reliability
B) accuracy
C) reproducibility
D) precision |
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Definition
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Term
Lithium therapy is used widely in the treatment of:
A) Manic depression
B) Hypertension
C) Hyperactivity
D) Aggression |
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Definition
|
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Term
A person suspected of having metabolic alkalosis would have which of the following laboratory findings?
A) CO2 content and pH decreased
B) CO2 content and pH increased
C) CO2 content increased and pH decreased
D) CO2 content decreased and pH increased |
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Definition
| CO2 content and pH increased |
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Term
In first-order kinestic the reaction is proportional to the amount of substrate because
A) Enzyme and substrate are present in equal amounts
B) Enzyme amount is greater than substrate amount
C) Enzyme amount is less then substrate amount
D) only substrate is present |
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Definition
| Enzyme amount is greater than substrate amount |
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Term
An example of a hormone synthesized in the adenohypophysis would be
A) insulin.
B) aldosterone.
C) GH.
D) erythropoietin. |
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Definition
|
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Term
Which of the following vitamins is NOT a fat-soluble vitamin?
A) A1
B) E
C) D
D) B1 |
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Definition
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Term
A patient has an increased uric acid and a normal BUN and creatinine. What is the patient's most likely diagnosis?
A) Gout
B) Renal disease
C) Liver Disease
D) Normal |
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Definition
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Term
The primary clinical usefulness of the -fetoprotein (AFP) assay as a tumor marker is
A) monitoring patients with ovarian cancer.
B) assessing patients with colon cancer.
C) checking tumor recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
D) assessing chemotherapy response in patients with trophoblastic neoplasms. |
|
Definition
| checking tumor recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma |
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Term
Which of the statements below regarding the metabolism of bilirubin is true?
A) It is formed by hydrolysis of the alpha-methane bridge or urobilinogen
B) It is reduced to biliverdin prior to excretion
C) It is a product of prophyrin metabolism
D) It is produced from the destruction of RBCs |
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Definition
| D) It is produced from the destruction of RBCs |
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Term
The period of time during which the concentration of a therapeutic drug decays by 50% is referred to as the
A) subtherapeutic range.
B) dosing curve.
C) volume of distribution of the drug.
D) half-life of a drug. |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following steroid hormones is (are) synthesized and secreted by the adrenal cortex?
A) Cortisol
B) Estradiol
C) Androstenedione
D) All of the above |
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Definition
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Term
Rickets is associated with deficiency of which of the following vitamins?
A) A
B) C
C) B
D) D |
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Definition
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Term
Secretion of renin and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is induced by low blood pressure and volume. Renin is synthesized in the _____ and ADH is made in the _____.
A) brain; adrenal gland
B) kidney; brain
C) adrenal gland; brain
D) adrenal gland; kidney |
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Definition
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Term
Secondary hyperparathyroidism is often the result of:
A) Vitamin A deficiency
B) Liver disease
C) Renal disease
D) Pituitary disease |
|
Definition
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Term
Of the following protein fractions, the one that is NOT produced in the liver is:
A) Albumin
B) Alpha1 globulin
C) Beta globulin
D) Gamma globulin |
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Definition
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Term
Skeletal muscle tissue contains which of the following CK isoenzymes?
A) MM only
B) MB only
C) BB only
D) MM + MB |
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Definition
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Term
Patients with Cushing's syndrome exhibit
A) Decreased plasma 17-hydroxysteroid concentration
B) Decreased urinary 17-hydroxysteroid excretion
C) Serum cortisol concentrations less than 1 mg/dl
D) Increased cortisol production |
|
Definition
| Increased cortisol production |
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|
Term
Absorbance (A) of a solution may be converted to percent transmittance (%T) using the formula:
A) 1+log%T
B) 1-log%T
C) 2+log%T
D) 2-log%T |
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Definition
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Term
The screening test used for PKU, that uses dried blood on filter disks is:
A) cDNA analysis
B) FAA hydrolysis
C) PKU test
D) Guthrie test |
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Definition
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Term
The thyroid gland produces all of the following hormones except
A) TSH.
B) calcitonin.
C) thyroxine.
D) triiodothyronine. |
|
Definition
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Term
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes
A) is associated with resistance to the action of insulin
B) frequently presents with ketoacidosis
C) is also referred to as type 1 diabetes
D) occurs less frequently than insulin-dependent diabetes |
|
Definition
| is associated with resistance to the action of insulin |
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Term
The therapeutic range of a drug is
A) dependent on renal function.
B) the range of concentrations within which the drug is effective yet not toxic.
C) the range of concentrations at which there are no drug interactions.
D) dependent on the route of drug administration. |
|
Definition
| the range of concentrations within which the drug is effective yet not toxic. |
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Term
As part of a hyperlipidemia screening program, the following results were obtained on a 25-year-old woman 6 hours after eating:
Triglycerides 260 mg/dL
Cholesterol 120 mg/dL
A) Both results are normal and not affected by the recent meal.
B) The cholesterol is normal but the triglycerides are elevated, which may be attributed to the recent meal.
C) Both results are elevated, indicating a metabolic problem in addition to the nonfasting state.
D) Both results are below normal despite the recent meal, indicating a metabolic problem. |
|
Definition
| The cholesterol is normal but the triglycerides are elevated, which may be attributed to the recent meal. |
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|
Term
A cardiac glycoside that is used in the treatment of congenital heart failure and arrhythmias by increasing the force and velocity of myocardial contraction is:
A) Acetaminophen
B) Digoxin
C) Lithium
D) Phenytoin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?
A) Nephritic syndrome
B) Chronic inflammation
C) Acute hepatitis
D) Dehydration |
|
Definition
|
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Term
Kernicterus is an abnormal accumulation of bilirubin in:
A) heart tissue
B) liver tissue
C) brain tissue
D) kidney tissue |
|
Definition
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Term
The structure that represents the sequence of polypeptide chain is the:
A) Primary strucutre
B) Secondary structure
C) Tertiary structure
D) Quaternary structure |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?
A) GH
B) ACTH
C) ADH
D) TSH |
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Definition
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Term
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are both elevated in which of the following diseases?
A) Muscular dystrophy
B) Pulmonary emboli
C) Viral hepatitis
D) Infectious Mononucleosis |
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Definition
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Term
A deficiency of which vitamin will produce abnormal bone mineralization and eventually osteomalacia?
A) Vitamin B12
B) Niacin
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K |
|
Definition
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Term
A patient has the following test results: Increased serum calcium levels, Decreased serum phosphorus levels, Increased levels of parathyroid hormone. This patient most likely has:
A) hyperparathyroidism
B) hypoparathyroidism
C) nephrosis
D) steatorrhea |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following electrolytes is the chief plasma cation whose main function is maintaining osmotic
pressure?
A) Chloride
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Sodium |
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Definition
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Term
A tube contains the following: Serum 0.25 mL, Saline 0.75mL. What is the dilution?
A) 1:2
B) 1:4
C) 1:7
D) 1:8 |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following proteins binds ferric iron and is increased in Iron-deficiency anemia?
A) Ferritin
B) Bilirubin
C) Ceruloplasmin
D) Transferrin |
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Definition
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Term
This cardiac marker peaks at 4-8 hours, remains elevated up to 5-10 days and can be detected with a qualitative screening test.
A) Myoglobin
B) CKMB
C) Troponin T
D) Lactate Dehydrogenase |
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Definition
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Term
Increased total LD activity, confined to fractions 4 and 5, is most likely to be associated with:
A) pulmonary function
B) hemolytic anemia
C) myocardial infarction
D) acute viral hepatitis |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Concerning specimen requirements for total serum calcium determination, which of the following anticoagulants is acceptable?
A) EDTA
B) Heparin
C) Sodium citrate
D) Sodium oxalate |
|
Definition
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Term
How many grams of CaSO4 are needed to prepare one liter of a 0.5M solution? (GMW= 136)
A) 6.8 g
B) 13 g
C) 27.2 g
D) 68 g |
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Definition
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Term
A child that has skin that smells like burnt sugar and is suffering from muscle rigidity, stupor and respiratory irregularities.
A) Homocystinuria
B) Alkaptonuria
C) Maple Syrup Urine Disease
D) Citrullinemia |
|
Definition
| Maple Syrup Urine Disease |
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|
Term
Increased TSH, decreased T3 and decreased T4 with presence of goiter indicate
A) secondary hypothyroidism.
B) primary hypothyroidism.
C) tertiary hypothyroidism.
D) pseudohypothyroidism. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
An arterial blood sample is received in the laboratory 45 minutes after collection with a bubble in the syringe. What should the MLT do?
A) Perform the test ASAP
B) Reject the specimen because the pO2 will be falsely decreased
C) Reject the specimen because the pH will be falsely decreases
D) Reject the sample because the pCO2 will be falsely decreased |
|
Definition
| Reject the sample because the pCO2 will be falsely decreased |
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Term
A thin creamy layer is found on a stored plasma tube, this suggests the presence of:
A) VLDL
B) LDL
C) Triglycerides
D) Chylomicrons |
|
Definition
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Term
The anticonvulsant used to control tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures is:
A) Digoxin
B) Acetaminophen
C) Lithium
D) Phenytoin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which one of the following laboratory results is consistent with a diagnosis of Graves disease?
A) Increased serum TSH
B) Increased free T4
C) Decreased free T3
D) Decreased thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) |
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Definition
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Term
The reason carbon monoxide is so toxic is because it:
A) Is a protoplasmic poison
B) Combines with cytochrome oxidase
C) Has 250 time the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin binding sites
D) Sensitizes the myocardium |
|
Definition
| Has 250 time the affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin binding sites |
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|
Term
An IU of enzyme activity is the quantity of enzyme that:
A) Forms 1 mg of product per liter
B) Converts 1 mmol of Substrate per liter
C) Converts 1 mmol of substrate to product per minute
D) Forms 3 mmol of product per 5 minutes |
|
Definition
| Converts 1 mmol of substrate to product per minute |
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