Term
| Fatigue is the what number most common complaint in primary care? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chronic, acute, and physiologic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lasts weeks to months. Possible causes: depression, anxiety or stress, chronic infection, cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, fibromyalgia, heart filure, sleep apnea, chronic lung disease, anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually associated with acute infection. could be associated with heart failure or anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Usually easily identified by pt. Caused by overwork, poor sleep (due to depression, drugs, caffeine, etc). |
|
|
Term
| About what percent of pt's with fatigue have an organic cause (infection, etc)? |
|
Definition
| 50% - the other 50% have a functional cause (lack of sleep, anxiety/depression) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fever of Unknown Origin - a temp greater than 101 that occurs on several occasions during a 3 week period for ambulatory pts and during a 1 week period for hospitalized pts. The cause will not be apparent even after a complete history, physical, and testing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common causes of acute fevers |
|
Definition
| Upper resp tract infections, tonsillitis, viral syndromes (flu), drug reactions, and genitourinary tract infections. |
|
|
Term
| Common causes of chronic, low-grade fevers |
|
Definition
| hepatitis, TB, Mono, luymphomas, and occult neoplasms |
|
|
Term
| Describe at least 4 ways that practitioners communicate non-verbally with patients. |
|
Definition
| eye contact, facial expression, posture, head position and movemnt (nodding), interpersonal distance, placement of arms and legs, touching the pt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| engage, empathize, enlist, educate |
|
|
Term
| The ability to intellectually and emotionally sense the emotions, feelings, and reactions that another person is experiencing and to effectively communicate that understanding to the individual. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 strategies to facilitate effective communication with pts |
|
Definition
non-verbal cues
open-ended questions
listen
maintain privacy
summarize |
|
|
Term
| How do you let a pt know they are being "heard" |
|
Definition
| repeat/summarize back to them, let them tell their story, use their language |
|
|
Term
| Pts do not adhere to physician suggestions about ___% of the time. Pts fail to take prophylactic medications about ___% of the time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 things that affect pt adherence |
|
Definition
| Duration of the treatment, pt's idea about the seriousness of the disease, complexity of the treatment, pt relationship iwth the physician, pt's perception of the efficacy of treatment |
|
|
Term
| How do you end a visit with a pt? |
|
Definition
- Do you have any other questions?
- Summarize findings, treatment, prognosis
- REview the next steps (follow up, tests, etc)
- Say goodbye, express hope |
|
|
Term
| 5 purposes of the medical interview |
|
Definition
establish rapport
collect information
understand the pts environment
establish priorities
develop a problem solving plan
education and motivation |
|
|
Term
| What is the difference between open-ended, closed-ended, and leading questions? |
|
Definition
open-ended: allow full freedom of response
closed-ended: yes or no
leading: suggest an answer to the pt (is your pain throbbing or sharp?) |
|
|
Term
| 4 characteristics of therapeutic bedside manner |
|
Definition
respond appropriately
ask permission
clarify
closure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Reason the pt presents
Elicited from open-ended questions
Written in the pt's own words |
|
|
Term
| Components of the medical interview (7) |
|
Definition
Chief Complain
HIstory of Present Illness
Past Medical History
Past Surgical History
Family history
Social history
Review of Systems |
|
|
Term
| History of Present Illness |
|
Definition
Clear, chronological report of the pt's problem
Symptoms: OLD CARTS
Medications
Allergies
Tobacco
Alcohol/Drugs
|
|
|
Term
| 7 attributes of a symptom |
|
Definition
OLD CARTS
Onset
Location
Duration
Characteristics
Alleviating or Aggrevating factors
Radiation (to another part of body)
Treatment |
|
|
Term
| What information do you want to elicit from the pt regarding their medications? |
|
Definition
Name
Dosage
Does it work?
Do you take it as prescribed?
What is it for?
duration
side effects |
|
|
Term
| How can you assess if a pt has a drug or alcohol problem? |
|
Definition
CAGE
Have you ever felt the need to CUT back?
Are you ANNOYED by others criticism?
Have you ever felt GUILTY about it?
Have you had any EYE opening experiences? |
|
|
Term
| Components of Past Medical History |
|
Definition
General state of health
Childhood illnesses
Adult illnesses
Immunizations
Surgeries
Hospitalizations
Injuries
Transfusions
OB/GYN |
|
|
Term
| Childhood illnesses you should ask about |
|
Definition
| measles, mumps, rubella, scarlet fever, pertussis, chicken pox, rheumatic fever, polio |
|
|
Term
| What ADULT illnesses should you ask about? |
|
Definition
Medical - diabetes, hypertension, hepatitis, asthma, HIV, number and gender of sexual partners, sexual practices
Surgical - dates, indications, types of operations
OB/GYN - history (pregnancies), menstrual history, methods of contraception, sexual function
Psychiatric - illness and time frame, diagnoses, hospitalizations, treatments
Injuries |
|
|
Term
| What immunizations should you ask about? |
|
Definition
MMR
Varicella
Polio
DT/DPT
flu
hep b
pneumonia
gardasil
zoster |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Go back 3 generations - you/siblings, parents, grandparents, children
Diseases, tendencies, cause of death
Conditions to ask about: hypertension, coronary artery disease, high cholesterol, stroke, diabetes, thyroid/renal disease, cancer, arthritis, TB, asthman, lung disease, headache, seizure, mental illness/suicide, alcohol/drug addictions |
|
|
Term
| Personal/Social/Psychosocial History |
|
Definition
Typical day
habits (exercise/diet)
relationships (possible abuse?)
safety habits (seatbelts, sunscreen)
education
occupation
hobbies
retirement
health beliefs (cultural/religious practices)
Outlook |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
general
skin
HEENT
Pulmonary
Cardivascular
Breast
GI
Genitourinary
Reproductive
Endocrine
Hematology
Lymphatic
Musculoskeletal
Neurologic
Psychiatric |
|
|
Term
| Components of the GENERAL ROS |
|
Definition
Overall haelth status
usual weight - recent weight gain or loss
energy level (fatigue?)
Exercise
sense of well being
fever/chills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rashes
Lumps
Itching
Redness
Changes in color
Hair or nail changes
bleeding
lesions
temperature change
texture/moisture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
headaches/facial pain
vertigo (dizziness, lightheadedness, off-balance)
syncope
trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
last eye exam
vision - correction?
diplopia
trauma/infection
pain/redness
cataract/glaucoma/macular degeneration
Flashes/floaters
color blindness
excessive tearing/dryness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hearing loss
infections
trauma
vertigo
discharge
pain/earache
tinnitus
itchiness
fullness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
frequent URIs
Sinus infection
allergies
congestion
nosebleed
snoring
speech changes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
last dental exam
dental caries
sore mouth (stomatitis)
sore tongue (glossitis)
bleeding gums
dentures
ulcers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
soreness
hoarseness
voice changes
dysphagia
choking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
history of thyroid disease
goiter/masses
adenopathy
pain
limted ROM
stiffness
tenderness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cough
pain
dyspnea
fever
wheezing
sputum
hemoptysis
TB
night sweats
pneumonia
bronchitis
asthma
Smoking
chest xrays |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Thrombophlebitis
prior cardiac exams
rheumatic fever
pain
palpitations/flutter
syncope
DOE
orthopnea
PND
cyanosis
Peripheral edema
claudication
hypertension
heart murmurs
varicosities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pain
lumps
tenderness
discharge
swelling
color change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hematemesis
PUD
gastritis
hepatitis
gallstones
jaundice
constipation
change in stool
laxative use
rectal bleeding
hemorrhoids
flatulence
indigestion
pain
appetite
food intolerance
Eructation NVD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
UTIs
Hesitancy
Frequency
urgency
incontinence
nocturia
hematuria
oliguria
polyuria
kidney stones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
impotency
discharge/sores
STDs
hernias
testicular pain/mass
sexual difficulties
birth control/safe sex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
age at menarche
birth control/safe sex
last pelvic exam and pap
discharge
sores
itching
# pregnancies
sexual difficulties
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
polydipsia
polyuria
polyphagia
hair distribution
skin changes
secondary sex characteristics
HRT
heat/cold intolerance
excessive sweating |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
anemia
bleeding
transfusions
leukemia
bruising |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pain
swelling
hot/red joints/muscles
stiffness
injuries
limited ROM
muscular weakness/cramps/atrophy
arthritis
gout |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
diplopia
weakness
tremors
incoordination
loss of sensation
paralysis
paresthesia
seizures
syncope
TIAs
Sensory or motor Disturbances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mood
anxiety
depression
suicidal thoughts
tension
sleep disturbance
previor psychiatric care
addictions
unusual perceptions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sign - objective, something that can be determined by the physician during examination
Symptom - something the pt reports to be experiencing |
|
|
Term
| From where did pt confidentiality arise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Components of the general survey of the PE |
|
Definition
Apparent state of health
Level of consciousness (oriented x3)
signs of distress
height and build
weight
skin color and obvious lesions
Dress, grooming, personal hygeine
Facial expressions/affect
gait
Body/breath odors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Height
Weight
Temp
Heart rate
Resp
BP
If these are abnormal or if you're screening for disease, repeat yourself |
|
|
Term
| When taking a BP, what's the rate at which you should deflate the cuff? What's the ideal adult range? What difference should there be between arms? |
|
Definition
2-3 mmHg/sec
<120/<80
No greater than 10mmHg |
|
|
Term
| When selecting a sphygmomanometer, the width should be __% of the arm's circumference and the length should be __% of the arm's circumference |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the ausculatory gap? |
|
Definition
| when you feel the radial pulse go away when you inflate the cuff |
|
|
Term
| Describe the tilt test for orthostasis |
|
Definition
| Upon moving from a lying to sitting to standing position, BP will decrease about 10mmHg-20mmHg (systolic and diastolic) and pulse will increase (15-20 bpm) at each change in position |
|
|
Term
| What indicates tachycardia? What are the different kinds? |
|
Definition
Tachycardia (>100 bpm)
Sinus tachycardia, SVT, atrial fibrilation
hyperthyroidism
almost always indicates a problem |
|
|
Term
| What's normal heart rate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bradycardia? What might it indicate? |
|
Definition
<60 bpm
Sinus bradycardia, heart blocks
hypothryoidism
doesn't always indicate a problem |
|
|
Term
| Is it possible to have regular heart rate and irregular rhythm (and vice versa)? |
|
Definition
| Yes - they are independent |
|
|
Term
Normal resp rate
Bradypnea
Tachypnea
Cheyne-stokes breathing
hyperpnea
ataxic breathing
obstructive breathing |
|
Definition
normal: 14-20 bpm
Bradypnea: <14
tachypnea: >20
Cheyne-stokes: breathing fast, then slowing down
Hyperpnea - hyperventilation
ataxic breathing - inconsistent pattern
obstructive breathing - copd, asthma |
|
|
Term
| 4 ways to take temperature. hyperpyrexia and hyperthermia. |
|
Definition
oral, rectal, axillary, tympanic
hyperpyrexia >106
hypothermia <95 |
|
|
Term
| Purpose of the physical exam |
|
Definition
validation,
investigate problems
screen for disease |
|
|
Term
| 4 general procedures to be performed during a PE |
|
Definition
inspect
palpate
percuss
auscultate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| general survey, vitals, integument (skin/nails/hair), head, eyes, ears, nose, mouth, neck, lymph nodes, chest, breast, cardiovascular, abdomen, GU/rectal, extremities (peripheral vascular), musculoskeletal (back/spine), neuro, mental status/psychological |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
detection and or measurement errors
Limited sensitivity in distinguishing health v. illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
failure of technique
errors of omission
errors of detection (what you think is normal may not be what others think is normal)
errors of interpretation
variability in clinical measurements
legitimate disagreement
errors in documenting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
homeostasis of fluids and electrolytes
regulation of temp
protection from extrinsic pathogens
protection from solar radiation
vitamin D synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
when did it first appear (rash or lesion?)
Any changes over time?
Where did it originate?
Any new areas involved?
Does it itch, burn, tingle? (fungal itches, herpes tingles)
What makes it better or worse?
Does sun exposure have an impact
What treatments have you tried and has it helped?
Any joint pain, fever, or fatigue?
Anyone you know have a similar rash?
Are you taking an meds?
Any activities that might have started this?
Changes in color?
|
|
|
Term
| During a PE of the skin, inspect and palpate, noting what 7 things? |
|
Definition
color
temperature
texture
turgor
moisture
rashes
skin lesions |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral v. central cyanosis |
|
Definition
peripheral - bluing of hands and feet, low cardiac output, vasoconstriction
central - bluing of buccal mucosa (lips), hypoventilation, depends on adequate hemoglobin (anemia) |
|
|
Term
| When assessing skin turgor, tented skin should return to normal position in __ sec or less |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dry skin - caused by age, too frequent washing, and depletion of natural oils |
|
|
Term
| skin oil is produced by ___ glands. The "roughness" of skin is affected by ___ and ____. |
|
Definition
sebaceous glands.
keratin and cell turnover rate |
|
|
Term
| The ___ controls core body temp. ___ sweat glands are found throughout the body and produce fluid which cools the body. ___ sweat glands produce an odor, are found primarily in the axilla, and their physiologic function is not known. |
|
Definition
| hypothalamus, eccrine, apocrine |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of a macule and patch. |
|
Definition
Both are hyperpigmented, flat (cannot feel them) and are only located in the epidermis.
Macules are <1cm, patches are bigger.
Macules can coalesce into patches |
|
|
Term
| ABCDE - screening skin lesions for possible malignancy |
|
Definition
A - asymmetry
B - irregular borders, esp ragged, notched, or blurred
C - color, esp blue or black
D - diameter > 6mm or different from others, esp if changing, itching or bleeding.
E - elevation or enlargement |
|
|
Term
| ___, ___, ___, and ____ are considered appendages to the skin |
|
Definition
| hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands |
|
|
Term
| Epidermis: vasculature, 2 layers |
|
Definition
no blood vessels
outer horny layer of dead keratinized cell
inner cellular layer where melanin and keratin are formed
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
well supplied wiht blood
connective tissue, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, hair follicles
|
|
|
Term
| 4 pigments that color the skin |
|
Definition
| melanin, carotene, oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin |
|
|
Term
| Central v. peripheral cyanosis |
|
Definition
central - low O2 in arterial blood
peripheral - cutaneous blood flow decreases/slows so organs extract more O2 from blood |
|
|
Term
| 2 types of hair in adults |
|
Definition
vellus - short, fine, unpigmented hair
terminal - coarse, thick, pigmented (scalp and brows)
|
|
|
Term
| Fingernails grow about how fast? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ glands produce fatty oil through hair follicles. are present on all surfaces except palms and soles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 most common reasons people present with skin problems |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 topics for health promotion/counseling regarding skin |
|
Definition
risk factors for melanoma
reducing sun exposrue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
arises in basal layer of epidermis
accounts for 80% of skin cancers
rarely metastasizes
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
arises from upper layer of epidermis
accounts for 16% of skin cancers
scaly, red, inflamed ulcer
can metastasize |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
arises from pigment-producing melanocytes in epidermis
accoutns for 4% of skin cancers
spreads rapidly through lymph - highly fatal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
50+ common moles
1-4 atypical moles
red/light hair
macular spots on sun exposed areas
heavy sun exposure
skin that burns easily
family history |
|
|
Term
| under 40, full skin exam every __ years. over 40, full skin exam every ___ years. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What sun rays cause skin cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When examining the skin, notice (4): |
|
Definition
| color, texture, mobility/turgor, lesions |
|
|
Term
| What 4 colors should you look for in the skin |
|
Definition
increased/loss of pigmentation
pallor or redness - fingernails, lips, mucosa
cyanosis - central or peripheral
yellowing - jaundice in sclera/lips, carotene in palms,soles |
|
|
Term
| 3 things to look for when inspecting/palpating hair |
|
Definition
| distribution, quantity, texture |
|
|
Term
| 4 things to note about skin lesions during PE |
|
Definition
anatomical position on body (localized or generalized)
patterns and shapes
type (macule, papule, etc)
color |
|
|
Term
| 7 patterns/shapes of lesions |
|
Definition
linear
clustered
annular (circular)
arciform (arced)
geographic
serpinigous (snake-like)
dermatomal (one dermatome) |
|
|
Term
| ___ is hypopigmented spots on the skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ is red/purple eruption over the eyelids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When assessing a pt, you must interpret findings in terms of probable process. What 3 processes are possible/ |
|
Definition
Pathologic: diseases of the body sructure (infection)
Pathophysiologic: derangemnts of biological function (congestive heart failure)
Psychopathologic - disorders of mood (depression_ |
|
|
Term
| 7 steps to the assessment and plan of a pt |
|
Definition
identify abnormal findings
localize findings anatomically
interpret findings in terms of probable process
make hypotheses about the nature of the problem
test the hypothesis
establish a working diagnosis
agree on a plan of action with the pt
|
|
|
Term
| 7 things to consider when writing a pt record (regarding the clarity/flow of the record) |
|
Definition
is the order clera?
is the data included contributed directly to the assessment?
are pertinent negatives specifically described?
did you omit any important data?
is there too much detail?
are diagrams included where appropriate?
is the tone neutral and professional? |
|
|
Term
| Principle of test selection: how closely an observation agrees with the "true state of affairs" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Principle of test selection: Sensitivity |
|
Definition
| SnNout: When the sensitivity of a sign or symptom is hgih, a negative response rules out the disorder |
|
|
Term
| Principle of test selection: the probability of disease in a patient who tests positive for that disease |
|
Definition
| positive predictive value |
|
|
Term
| Principle of test selection: The probability that a pt who tests negative (or normal) for a disease does not have the disease. |
|
Definition
| negative predictive value |
|
|
Term
| a ___ symptom lacks an adequate medical or physical explanation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ disorders are characterized by dysfunctional interpersonal coping styles that disrupt and destabilize their relationships. usually co-occur with ___. |
|
Definition
character disorders (personality disorders).
co-occur with alcohol and substance abuse
|
|
|
Term
| ____ is the 2nd most prevalent psychiatric condition in the US besides substance abuse |
|
Definition
| generalized anxiety disorder |
|
|
Term
| When do pt's need a psychiatric assessment? |
|
Definition
| suspected brain lesions, psychiatric smptoms, or reports from family members of changes in behavior |
|
|
Term
| Mental disorders affect __% of americans aged 18 and up |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Suicide is the # __ leading cause of death in US. And the # __ for people 10-24. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ accounts for more illness, death, and disability than any other preventable condition |
|
Definition
| substance and alcohol abuse |
|
|
Term
| 5 components of mental examination |
|
Definition
appearance and behavior
speech and language
mood
thoughts and perceptions
cognitive function |
|
|
Term
| 5 characteristics of speech and language you should assess |
|
Definition
| quantity, rate, loudness, articulation of words, fluency |
|
|
Term
| Cognitive functions to assess during a mental evaluation |
|
Definition
orentiation
attention
remote membory
recent memory
new learning ability
higher cognitive fxns:
info and vocabulary
calculating ability
abstract thinking
constructional ability |
|
|
Term
| 7 reasons to do a comprehensive PE |
|
Definition
for new pts
provides fundamental and personalized knowledge
strengthens relationship
helps ID or rule out physical causes related to pt concerns
baseline for future assessments
creates platform for health promotion
develops proficiency of PE
|
|
|
Term
| 4 cardinal techniques of examination |
|
Definition
inspection
palpation
percussion
auscultation |
|
|
Term
| 5 things you should do while preparing for a PE |
|
Definition
reflect on your approach to the pt
adjust the lighting and env
make the pt comfortable
check your equipment
choose the seqeunce of the exam |
|
|
Term
| standard precautions v. universal precautions |
|
Definition
standard precautions - based on the principle that all body fluids are considered infectious
universal precautions - designed to prevent transmission of HIV, HBV, and other blood-borne pathogens |
|
|
Term
| Disease/illness distinction model |
|
Definition
| disease is what the clinician can see, illness is what the pt perceives (feelings, ideas, effect on functioning, expectations). have to incorporate both views. |
|
|
Term
| What is guided questioning? |
|
Definition
| moving from open-ended to focused questions. encourages pt to answer a series of questions. may be multiple choice |
|
|
Term
| HOw do you empathize with a pt? |
|
Definition
| recognize their feelings, respond with understanding and acceptance, reflect understanding of their feelings |
|
|
Term
| 9 aspects of building a relationship with a pt |
|
Definition
active listening
guided questioning
nonverbal communication
empathetic responses
validation
reassurance
partnering
summarization
empowering the pt |
|
|
Term
| What might be some signs of domestic violence? |
|
Definition
unexplained injuries/inconsistent with pt story
delayed treatment for trauma
past history of repeated "accidents"
patient or person close has history of drug/alcohol abuse
partner tries to dominate convo |
|
|
Term
| System of shared ideas, rules, meanings that influence how we view the world |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the Tavistock principles? |
|
Definition
| document of ethical principles for guiding health care behavior |
|
|
Term
| ___ is a sense of weariness or loss of energy. ___ is a loss of muscle power. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
<18.5 - underweight
18.5-24.9 - normal
25-29.9 - overweight
30-34.9 - Obese I
35-39.9 - Obese II
>40 - extreme obesity (class III) |
|
|
Term
| Recommendation for healthy lifestyle (decreased risk of HTN) |
|
Definition
| 30 min of moderate exercise/day, decreased sodium intake, increased potassium, healthy weight maintanence |
|
|
Term
| prehypertension, hypertension stage 1, and hypertension stage 2 BP reading |
|
Definition
pre: 120-139/80-89
1 - 140-159/90-99
2 - >160/>100 |
|
|
Term
| what signals coarctation of aorta? |
|
Definition
| HTN in upper extremities and low BP in legs |
|
|
Term
| Normally when a pt stands up, the systolic lowers and the diastolic raises. How is that diff from orthostatic hypotension? |
|
Definition
| drop in systolic of >20mmHg or drop in diastolic of >10mmHg |
|
|
Term
| Chronic pain persists for more than __-__ months |
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Definition
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Term
| Types of pain: nociceptive or somatic, neuropathic, psychogenic, idiopathic |
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Definition
nociceptive - related to tissue damage
neuropathic - resulting from direct injury to peripheral or CNS
psychogenic - relates to psychiatric conditions
idiopathic - without identifiable etiology |
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Term
| Four A's to monitor pt outcome from pain |
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Definition
Analgesia
ADLs
Adverse effects
Abberant drug-related behavior |
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Term
___ is raised epidermis, like an insect bite.
__ is larger, and can occupy subcu
__ is even larger.
___ is the result of dry skin or itching on epidermis. Associated with psoriasis.
___ is associated with an allergic reaction. |
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Definition
| papule, nodule, tumor, plaque, wheal |
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Term
___ are filled with clear fluid and are 0.5 cm or less.
___ are filled with clear fluid and are >0.5 cm.
___ are (a) which have become infected and are filled with pus. Can be any size |
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Definition
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Term
| vesicles are often associated with ____. Bulla are often associated with ___. |
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Definition
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Term
___ is a blackhead or whitehead - infected sebaceous cyst
___ is deeper than a cyst, is not mobile, and is associated with infection.
___ is one infected hair follicle
___ is many infected hair follicles
___ is hypertrophy of a sebaceous gland |
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Definition
comedo
abcess
furuncle
carbuncle
milia |
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Term
___ is a cavity in the skin that is limited to the epidermis. It does not bleed.
___ is a cavity that can be anywhere from superficial to 4th degree (bone).
___ are cracks that occur in skin.
___ are scratches, as by an animal
___ is thinning of the skin, often associated with steroids
___ is very similar to a plaque, but is usually associated with thickening of the epidermis due to scratching |
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Definition
erosion
ulcer
fissure
excoriation
atrophy
sclerosis |
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Term
| ___ is often seen in dandruff. ___ is often seen in impetigo. |
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Definition
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Term
___ is a bruise that suggests active bleeding under skin. can coalesce into purpura.
___ is an old bruise, is yellow/green.
___ is a hypertrophied scar
___ is thickening of the skin after long-term sclerosis. |
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Definition
petechiae
ecchymosis
keloid
lichenification |
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Term
| ___ is a raised, red, inflamed, warm superficial spot on skin. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is engorged, superficial capillaries. can be associated with portal hypertension of cyrrhosis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| heart disease, pulmonary disease, hepatic cirrhosis |
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Term
| Fatigue of __ origin is usually of short duration, related to exertion, not present in morning but worsening throughoutthe day. Fatigue of ___ origin is usually longer duration, often worst in morning, unrelated to exertion. |
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Definition
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Term
| Fever related to ___ infection is usually very high with sparse systemic complaints, shaking chills is common. Fever related to ___ infection is usually lower-grade (less than 101.5) and is associated with systmeic complaints such as aches, pains, fatigue. |
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Definition
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Term
A fever over 105 suggests what 3 common causes?
Mild fever suggests __ or ___.
Low grade feber suggests __, __, or __. |
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Definition
intracranial pathology, factitious fever, UTI
URI or flu
TB, mono, hepatitis |
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