Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the mucous membranes of the bronchial tubes. |
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Term
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Definition
| incomplete expansion of the lung at birth or collapse of the lung at any age. can be caused by compressionm from outside (exudates, tumors) or resorption of gas from the alveoli in the presence of complete internal obstruction. the affected area of the lung is airless, dampen or mute the sounds in involved area |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammatory process involving the visceral and parietal pleura. the pleura becomes "dry," edematous and fibrinous, making breathin difficult. respirations are rapid and shallow, diminished breath sounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive nonpurulent fluid in the pleural space that can result in permanent fibrotic thickening. breath sounds are muted int he affected areas |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when fluid collected in the pleural spaces is a purulent exudate. breath sounds are distant or absent in theaffected area, the percussion note is dull, vocal fremitus is absent, and the patient is often febrile and tachypneic and appears ill |
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Term
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Definition
| well-definied, circumscribed mass defined by inflammation, suppuration, and subsequent central necrosis. may be caused by aspiration of food or infected material from upper respiratory tract. breath sounds distant or absent over affected area and percussion note it dull. may be a pleural friction rub, cough may produce foul-smelling, purulent sputum. |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammatory response of the bronchioles and alveolar spaces to an infective agent. exudates lead to lung consolidation resulting in dyspnea, tachypnea, and crackels. diminshed breath sounds and dullness to percussion occur over the ara of consolidation. right lower quadrant pain can result. |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic infectious disease that most often begins in the lung but may then have widespread manifestations in many organs and systems. latent period. patient may not be ill. |
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Term
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Definition
| the presence of air or gas inthe pleural cavity resulting from trauma or that occurs spontaneously. breath sounds are distant but percussion note may boom. positive "coin click" |
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Term
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Definition
| the presence of blood in the pleural cavity. may be the result of trauma or invasive medical procedures. percussion note will be dull and the "coin click" absent. breath sounds distant or absent |
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Term
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Definition
| acute or chronic condidtion involving right-sided heart failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| pleuritic chest pain in the absence of dyspnea is a major clue. may be a low grade fever. |
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Term
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Definition
| acute, life-threatening disease almost always caused by Haemophilus influenzae type B. the child sits straight up with neck extended and head held forward, appears very anxious and ill, is unable to swallow, and is drooling from an open mouth. cough is not common. DO NOT attempt to visualize |
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Term
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Definition
| a syndrome that generally results from infection with viral agents (parainfluenza viruses). young children, bark like cough, labored breathing,m retractions, hoarseness, and inspiratory stridor. subglottic inflammation. no drooling facies as with epiglottitis. |
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Term
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Definition
| trouble breathing, tachypnea, retractions, grunting, and syanosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| "noisy breathing" in infancy, wheezing or inspiratory stridor. can be caused by floppiness of the trachea or airway. tends to be genign and self limited with increasing age. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs most often in infants younger than 6 mo. hyperinflation of the lungs. expiration is difficult and infant appears anious and tachypneic. AP diameter of thoracic cage may be increased and percussion is hyperresonant. usually caused by RSV. |
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Term
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Definition
| chronic dilation of the bronchi or bronchioles. cuased by repeated pulmonary infections and bronchial obstruction. cough and expectoration are common signs. |
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Term
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Definition
| COPD. the air spaces beyond the terminal bronchioles dilate, rupturing alveolar walls, permanently destroying them, reducing their number, and permanently hyperinflating the lung. Alveolar gas is trapped in expiration, and gas exhange is compromised. Dyspnea, thing and barrel-chested, and cachectic. Hyperresonant on percussion |
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