Term
process that results in complete destruction of ALL microorganisms |
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Definition
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process that results in destruction of pathogenic organisms but not spores |
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Definition
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process of mechanical removal or reduction of the numbers of microorganisms |
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Term
penetrate mucous membranes or contact bone, bloodstream, or normally sterile tissues |
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Definition
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Term
best way to control Critical instruments |
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Definition
heat sterilize between uses or use single use/disposable devices |
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Term
surgical instruments scalpel blades periodontal scalers surgical dental burs |
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Definition
examples of critical instruments |
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Term
contact mucous membranes but do not penetrate soft tissue |
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Definition
semi-critical instruments |
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Term
best way to control semi critical instruments |
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Definition
heat sterilize or high level disinfectant |
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Term
Dental mouth mirrors Amalgam condensers Dental handpieces |
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Definition
examples of semi-critical instruments |
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Definition
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best way to control noncritical instruments |
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Definition
clean and disinfect using low to intermediate level disinfectant |
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x-ray heads facebows pulse oxometer blood pressure cuff |
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Definition
examples of non critical instruments |
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Term
steam under pressure prolonged dry heat unsaturated chemical vapor |
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Definition
methods of sterilization for Heat stable items |
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Term
ethylene oxide chemical (cold) sterilization |
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Definition
method of sterilization for heat liable items |
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Term
sterilization by steam under pressure |
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Definition
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Term
121 C / 250 F 15 psi 15-20 min instruments still wet Steam must penetrate packaging |
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Definition
Steam Autoclave requirements |
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Term
Acceptable: paper plastic cloth
Unacceptable: closed metal or glass containers |
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Definition
materials in steam autoclave |
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Term
different types of autoclaves |
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Definition
gravity autoclave, statim autoclave, steam injection |
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Term
quick and easy to use penetrates fabric or cloth ability to process wide range of materials can be readily monitored for effectiveness very economical |
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Definition
Advantages of steam autoclave |
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Term
corrosion of carbon steel instruments may dull sharp cutting edges may damage some plastics packages may be wet after cycle |
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Definition
disadvantages of steam autoclave |
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Term
second generation 6 min turn around primarily for handpieces
Advantages: shorter steam exposure auto air drying
Disadvantages: small chamber instruments cannot be wrapped |
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Definition
Statim Cassette Autoclave |
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Term
132-135 C / 270-275 F 3-4 min (10 min for larger loads) must allow steam to penetrate packaging Acceptable: paper, plastic, cloth Unacceptable: closed metal or glass containers |
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Definition
pre and post vacuum steam sterilizers |
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Term
sterilization disinfection sanitization |
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Definition
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Term
utilizes a pump to evacuate air in the camber, creating a vacuum
adds steam and vacuum allows for quicker penetration
steam is then pumped out of the chamber, allowing for the vacuum to completely dry contents of sterilizer |
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Definition
function of pre and post vacuum steam sterilizers |
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Term
160 C / 320 F 2hrs must not insulate from heat must withstand high temperatures Acceptable packaging: paper, aluminum foil, polyfilm plastic tubing Unacceptable: plastic or paper that can't withstand environment |
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Definition
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effective and safe for metal instruments and mirrors does not dull cutting edges does not rust or corrode can be easily monitored for effectiveness |
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Definition
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Term
longer cycle for sterilization poor penetration may discolor or char fabric destroys heat liable items (plastic, metals) unsuitable for most handpieces |
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Definition
disadvantages of dry heat |
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Term
132 C / 270 F 20psi 20-40 min depending on load must penetrate and not react with materials Acceptable: perforated metal trays, paper, unacceptable solid metal trays, sealed glass jars |
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Definition
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Term
short cycle does not rust or corrode metal items does not dull cutting edges can be monitored for effectiveness |
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Definition
advantages of chemical vapor |
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Term
requires good ventilation (bad smell) special chemical solution must be used (alcohols, formaldehyde and others) damages some plastics instruments must be completely dry before processing does not penetrate fabric wrapping |
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Definition
disadvantages of chemical vapor |
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Term
Usually found in hospitals or large clinical settings 3-12 hrs depending on load and gas temperature does not rust instruments high cost equipment sterilizes most plastics aeration for nonmetallic materials for 24hrs residual gas can cause tissue burns |
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Definition
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Term
wrapped 375 F for 12 min Unwrapped 375 F for 6 min high startup cost no corrosion short cycle |
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Definition
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Term
what gives assurance that sterility has been achieved? |
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Definition
Only biological indicators |
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Term
equipment has been repaired new packaging material new or additional staff being trained loading procedures is changes |
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Definition
times to test your sterilizer |
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Term
spore strips spore vials spore ampules |
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Definition
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Term
filter paper impregnated with spores and sealed in a permeable envelope. Most widely accepted.
suitable for steam, chemical vapor, dryheat, ethelyne oxide |
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Definition
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Term
paper strips or disks in a vented container and test ampule after sterilization the ampule is crushed over the medium color change indicates growth Limited to ethylene oxide |
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Definition
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Term
contain geobacillus stearothermophilus in a glass ampule limited to steam autoclaves |
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Definition
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Term
improper cleaning of instruments |
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Definition
sterilization failure: debris can insulate organisms from direct contact with sterilizing agent |
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Term
wrong packaging material for method of sterilization |
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Definition
sterilization failure : prevents penetration of the sterilizing agent, materials may melt |
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Term
excessive packaging material |
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Definition
sterilization failure: inhibits penetration of sterilizing agent |
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Term
cloth wrap in chemical vapor sterilizer |
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Definition
sterilization failure: cloth may absorb chemicals preventing sufficient vaporization for sterilization |
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Term
closed container in steam or chemical vapor sterilizer |
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Definition
sterilization failure: prevents direct contact with the sterilizing agent |
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Term
over loading the sterilizer |
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Definition
sterilization failure: increases heatup time, will inhibit penetration of sterilizing agent to center of load |
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Term
no separation between packages or cassettes even without overloading |
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Definition
sterilization failure: may prevent or inhibit thorough contact of sterilizing agent with all items in the chamber |
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Term
incorrect operation of sterilizer -timer started before sterilizing temperature is reached -door opened during cycle -timer malfunction |
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Definition
sterilization failure: insufficient time at proper temperature to achieve kill |
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Term
improper temperature incorrect operation malfunction |
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Definition
sterilization failure: insufficient heat for proper time to achieve kill |
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Term
centrally located allow for a linear flow have separate contaminated and non-contaminated areas |
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Definition
organization of sterilization area |
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Term
pre- soak cleaning, rinse and drying packaging sterilization storage |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
immersed in a detergent until time allows for cleaning |
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Term
how to check for malfunction in ultrasonic cleaner |
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Definition
place sheet of aluminum foil cleaner run for 5 min there should be little holes in the sheet |
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Term
when handling loose instruments |
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Definition
utility gloves are a must! |
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Term
use a rack to hold ultrasonics |
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Definition
never allow to lay loose in a cleaner |
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Term
use a cleaning solution that is |
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Definition
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Term
when to change cleaning solutions? |
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Definition
doily or if visibly soiled |
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Term
appropriatness for method reliability as bacterial barrier durability shelf life ease of use cost of effectiveness availability |
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Definition
Factors in selecting packaging materials |
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Term
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Definition
dry, closed, or covered caontainment |
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Term
type of packaging use of overwraps storage conditions 30 days shelf life but could be up to 6mos if stored properly |
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Definition
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Term
well ventilated limited access areas arranged to avoid crushing |
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Definition
storage of sterilized instruments |
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