Shared Flashcard Set

Details

clinic sterilization
lecture final sterilization
59
Dentistry
Undergraduate 1
05/05/2014

Additional Dentistry Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
process that results in complete destruction of ALL microorganisms
Definition
sterilization
Term
process that results in destruction of pathogenic organisms but not spores
Definition
Disinfection
Term
process of mechanical removal or reduction of the numbers of microorganisms
Definition
sanitization
Term
penetrate mucous membranes or contact bone, bloodstream, or normally sterile tissues
Definition
critical instruments
Term
best way to control Critical instruments
Definition
heat sterilize between uses or use single use/disposable devices
Term
surgical instruments
scalpel blades
periodontal scalers
surgical dental burs
Definition
examples of critical instruments
Term
contact mucous membranes but do not penetrate soft tissue
Definition
semi-critical instruments
Term
best way to control semi critical instruments
Definition
heat sterilize or high level disinfectant
Term
Dental mouth mirrors
Amalgam condensers
Dental handpieces
Definition
examples of semi-critical instruments
Term
contact intact skin only
Definition
non critical instruments
Term
best way to control noncritical instruments
Definition
clean and disinfect using low to intermediate level disinfectant
Term
x-ray heads
facebows
pulse oxometer
blood pressure cuff
Definition
examples of non critical instruments
Term
steam under pressure
prolonged dry heat
unsaturated chemical vapor
Definition
methods of sterilization for Heat stable items
Term
ethylene oxide
chemical (cold) sterilization
Definition
method of sterilization for heat liable items
Term
sterilization by steam under pressure
Definition
steam autoclave
Term
121 C / 250 F
15 psi
15-20 min
instruments still wet
Steam must penetrate packaging
Definition
Steam Autoclave requirements
Term
Acceptable:
paper
plastic
cloth

Unacceptable:
closed metal or glass containers
Definition
materials in steam autoclave
Term
different types of autoclaves
Definition
gravity autoclave, statim autoclave, steam injection
Term
quick and easy to use
penetrates fabric or cloth
ability to process wide range of materials
can be readily monitored for effectiveness
very economical
Definition
Advantages of steam autoclave
Term
corrosion of carbon steel instruments
may dull sharp cutting edges
may damage some plastics
packages may be wet after cycle
Definition
disadvantages of steam autoclave
Term
second generation
6 min turn around
primarily for handpieces

Advantages:
shorter steam exposure
auto air drying

Disadvantages:
small chamber
instruments cannot be wrapped
Definition
Statim Cassette Autoclave
Term
132-135 C / 270-275 F
3-4 min (10 min for larger loads)
must allow steam to penetrate packaging
Acceptable: paper, plastic, cloth
Unacceptable: closed metal or glass containers
Definition
pre and post vacuum steam sterilizers
Term
sterilization
disinfection
sanitization
Definition
agents of control
Term
utilizes a pump to evacuate air in the camber, creating a vacuum

adds steam and vacuum allows for quicker penetration

steam is then pumped out of the chamber, allowing for the vacuum to completely dry contents of sterilizer
Definition
function of pre and post vacuum steam sterilizers
Term
160 C / 320 F
2hrs
must not insulate from heat
must withstand high temperatures
Acceptable packaging: paper, aluminum foil, polyfilm plastic tubing
Unacceptable: plastic or paper that can't withstand environment
Definition
Dry Heat
Term
effective and safe for metal instruments and mirrors
does not dull cutting edges
does not rust or corrode
can be easily monitored for effectiveness
Definition
advantages of dry heat
Term
longer cycle for sterilization
poor penetration
may discolor or char fabric
destroys heat liable items (plastic, metals)
unsuitable for most handpieces
Definition
disadvantages of dry heat
Term
132 C / 270 F
20psi
20-40 min depending on load
must penetrate and not react with materials
Acceptable: perforated metal trays, paper, unacceptable solid metal trays, sealed glass jars
Definition
Chemical Vapors
Term
short cycle
does not rust or corrode metal items
does not dull cutting edges
can be monitored for effectiveness
Definition
advantages of chemical vapor
Term
requires good ventilation (bad smell)
special chemical solution must be used (alcohols, formaldehyde and others)
damages some plastics
instruments must be completely dry before processing
does not penetrate fabric wrapping
Definition
disadvantages of chemical vapor
Term
Usually found in hospitals or large clinical settings
3-12 hrs depending on load and gas temperature
does not rust instruments
high cost equipment
sterilizes most plastics
aeration for nonmetallic materials for 24hrs
residual gas can cause tissue burns
Definition
Ethylene Oxide
Term
wrapped 375 F for 12 min
Unwrapped 375 F for 6 min
high startup cost
no corrosion
short cycle
Definition
rapid heat transfer
Term
what gives assurance that sterility has been achieved?
Definition
Only biological indicators
Term
equipment has been repaired
new packaging material
new or additional staff being trained
loading procedures is changes
Definition
times to test your sterilizer
Term
spore strips
spore vials
spore ampules
Definition
types of monitors
Term
filter paper impregnated with spores and sealed in a permeable envelope. Most widely accepted.

suitable for steam, chemical vapor, dryheat, ethelyne oxide
Definition
spore strips
Term
paper strips or disks in a vented container and test ampule
after sterilization the ampule is crushed over the medium
color change indicates growth
Limited to ethylene oxide
Definition
Spore vials
Term
contain geobacillus stearothermophilus in a glass ampule
limited to steam autoclaves
Definition
spore ampules
Term
improper cleaning of instruments
Definition
sterilization failure: debris can insulate organisms from direct contact with sterilizing agent
Term
wrong packaging material for method of sterilization
Definition
sterilization failure : prevents penetration of the sterilizing agent, materials may melt
Term
excessive packaging material
Definition
sterilization failure: inhibits penetration of sterilizing agent
Term
cloth wrap in chemical vapor sterilizer
Definition
sterilization failure: cloth may absorb chemicals preventing sufficient vaporization for sterilization
Term
closed container in steam or chemical vapor sterilizer
Definition
sterilization failure: prevents direct contact with the sterilizing agent
Term
over loading the sterilizer
Definition
sterilization failure: increases heatup time, will inhibit penetration of sterilizing agent to center of load
Term
no separation between packages or cassettes even without overloading
Definition
sterilization failure: may prevent or inhibit thorough contact of sterilizing agent with all items in the chamber
Term
incorrect operation of sterilizer
-timer started before sterilizing temperature is reached
-door opened during cycle
-timer malfunction
Definition
sterilization failure: insufficient time at proper temperature to achieve kill
Term
improper temperature
incorrect operation
malfunction
Definition
sterilization failure: insufficient heat for proper time to achieve kill
Term
centrally located
allow for a linear flow
have separate contaminated and non-contaminated areas
Definition
organization of sterilization area
Term
pre- soak
cleaning, rinse and drying
packaging
sterilization
storage
Definition
instrument recirculation
Term
instruments should be
Definition
immersed in a detergent until time allows for cleaning
Term
how to check for malfunction in ultrasonic cleaner
Definition
place sheet of aluminum foil cleaner
run for 5 min
there should be little holes in the sheet
Term
when handling loose instruments
Definition
utility gloves are a must!
Term
use a rack to hold ultrasonics
Definition
never allow to lay loose in a cleaner
Term
use a cleaning solution that is
Definition
EOA accepted
Term
when to change cleaning solutions?
Definition
doily or if visibly soiled
Term
appropriatness for method
reliability as bacterial barrier
durability
shelf life
ease of use
cost of effectiveness
availability
Definition
Factors in selecting packaging materials
Term
store clean items in a
Definition
dry, closed, or covered caontainment
Term
type of packaging
use of overwraps
storage conditions
30 days shelf life but could be up to 6mos if stored properly
Definition
Shelf life factors
Term
well ventilated
limited access areas
arranged to avoid crushing
Definition
storage of sterilized instruments
Supporting users have an ad free experience!