Term
| Reward system in brain involves which parts |
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Definition
| amygdala, hippocampus. connected to prefrontal cortex, orbitalfrontal cortex, nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmental area |
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Term
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Definition
• Reinforces behaviors that are critical for survival – eating, sexual activity, etc.
• Cortex is designed for long-term planning and decision making
• These two systems often oppose each other |
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Term
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Definition
• Substance use disorders are “cunning and baffling”
• The reward system tries to fool the cortex into continuing to use
• Denial protects the addiction |
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Term
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Definition
• Promises protect the addiction by denying any need for treatment
• Generally not “lying” but a symptom of the disease process (cunning and baffling)
• Broken promises destroy families and make regaining trust difficult |
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Term
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Definition
• Triggers to use: can be positive or negative
• Excuses to avoid treatment at this time
• To the patient the reasons are very important (cunning and baffling) |
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Term
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Definition
• Substance use disorders involve a powerful and primitive reward system that overtakes the cortex
• The clinical manifestations are frustrating but are symptoms of an illness |
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Term
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Definition
• Low risk drinking:
• Women<3 drinks in one sitting or 7 in a week
• Men<4 drinks in one sitting or 14 in a week
• CAGE |
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Term
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Definition
| And the last thing on this slide is the CAGE questions. The CAGE questions are have you ever tried to cut down your use? Do you feel annoyed when someone asks you about your drinking? Do you feel guilty that you drink too much? |
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Term
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Definition
• 12oz beer (5% alcohol)
• 5oz wine (12% alcohol)
• 1.5oz spirits (40% alcohol)
• Rule of 60 |
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Term
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Definition
•1cup =8oz = 5.3drinks
• 1pint = 2cups = 16oz =10.6drinks
• 1quart = 2pints = 32oz =21.3drinks
• 1 gallon = 4 quarts = 128 oz = 85.3 drinks • The above assumes 80 proof spirits |
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Term
| Other Common Terms for alcohol measurement |
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Definition
• Nip = common airplane bottle = 50 ml = 1.7 oz = slightly more than 1 standard drink
• Fifth=fifthofagallon=750ml=25.4 oz = 17 standard drinks
• Handle = approximately half gallon = 1.75 L = 59 oz = 39.3 standard drinks |
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Term
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Definition
• One drink per hour (0.02)
• Withdrawal begins ~6 hours from last drink (CAGE)
• Withdrawal occurs long before BAL = 0 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Medication Assisted Treatment for alcohol addiction |
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Definition
• Disulfiram
• Naltrexone
• Acamprosate |
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Term
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Definition
• Meetings
• Step work
• Sponsorship
• Commitments |
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Term
| Summary about alcohol addiction |
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Definition
• It is important to know standard drink sizes and the impact on BAL
• Know the basic time course of alcohol withdrawal symptoms
• Understand that detox is not treatment
• Medication assisted treatment in conjunction with a psychosocial program is most effective |
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