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(aka Ulysses)
- Son of Laertes, husband of Penelope, father of Telemachus
- Wandered for 10 years after Trojan war
- King of Ithica
- Noted for his cleverness and eloquence |
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Odysseus' Son
- Obstacle for Penelope's suitors who want him dead
- Takes trip to Pylos and Sparta with help from Athena |
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- Wife of Odysseus and mother of Telemachus
- Spends her days in palace pining for husband (been gone 20 years)
- Homer portrays her as flightly and excitable but also clever and steadfastly true |
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Most arrogant of Penelope's suitors
- Antinous leads campaign to have Telemachus killed
- Never portrayed sympathetically
- First to die when Odysseus returns |
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Odysseus' final destination
- home of Phaeacians
- Tells Nausicaa and king and queen his story |
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- A manipulative deceitful suitor
- Eurymachus's charisma and duplicity allow him to exert some sort of influence over other suitors |
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Odysseus's aging father, who resides on a farm in Ithica
- Regains his spirit when Odysseus returns and eventually kills Antinuous' father |
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The aged loyal servant nurse of Odysseus
- Eurcleia is well informed about palace
- Keeps Telemachus' journey secret from Penelope
- Keeps Odysseus' journey secret after she recognizes a scar on his leg |
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The beautiful nymph on Ogygia
- Calypso holds him prisoner there for seven years and bears his children.
- Zeus sends Hermes, the messenger god, to persuade her to let him go |
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| - Ancient greek tradition of hospitality |
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Beautiful daughter of king Alcinous and Queen Arete of Phaeacia
- Nausicaa discoveres Odysseus on the beach at Scheria and, out of budding affection for him, ensures his warm reception at her parent's place |
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- One of the Cyclopses
- Imprisons Odysseus and crew and tries to eat them
Odysseus blinds him through a clever ruse and manages to escape. In doing so, however, Odysseus angers Polyphemus's father Poseidon. |
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| Uncivilized one-eyed giants |
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race of people from North Africa dominated by lotus plants, highly addictive narcotics.
- First obstacle
- As Odysseus was sailing he caught wind to Libia
- Had to force some of his crew onto ships before they would leave |
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The beautiful witch goddess who transform's Odysseus' crew into swine when he lands on her island
- Hermes gives Odysseus plant to eat to protect himself
- Circes falls for Odysseus and they become lovers for 1 year and then he leaves |
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Blind theban seer
- Prophet who died
- Odysseus visits him in the underworld after the year with Circe
- Prophet advices Odysseus NOT TO EAT THE CATTLE OF THE SUN GOD |
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| The loyal shepherd who, along with the cowherd Philoetius, helps Odysseus reclaim his throne after his return to Ithica |
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Half woman half bird sea-monsters
- daughters of Acheloos and the Muse Melpomene
- Lured sailors to their deaths with song
- Odysseus put wax in his men's ears |
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Helio's cattle
- Odysseus' men eat them and are punished with a thunderbolt form Zeus
- kills all but Odysseus |
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| Like-mindedness - highlighted between odysseus and penelope olive tree inside joke. |
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Greek word for homecoming
theme dealt with in many writings |
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1. Lotus
2. Cyclops
3. Winds
4. Giants
5. Circe
5. Teiresias
6. Sirens
7. Cattle of the Sun God (Helios)
8. Calypso & Oigygia
9. Scheries/Phaecia
10. Ithica |
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Author of Oedipus Trilogy
-Athenian
-popular |
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Father of Oedipus, first husband of Jocasta
- Oracle at Delphi told him he must not have child
- Laius had child
- Send child away but fate came true |
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Oedipus' wife & mother
- Creon's sister
- Appears in final scene of Oedipus the King
- Figures out Oedipus is her son
- Commits suicide (hanging) |
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Oedipus' brother in law
- Creon appears as power hungry
- In antigone Creon rules Thebes with stubborn blindness that is similar to Oedipus |
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Blind Soothsayer of Thebes
- Oedipus the king & Antigone
-Tells Oedipus he is the murderer he hunts
- Antigone--> tells creon he himself is bringing disaster upon Thebes |
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| Creature with face of a woman, body of a lion, and wings |
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Son of Oedipus and Jocasta
- King of Thebes after Oedipus
- While Oedipus is banished, Eteocles and brother Polynices fight, Eteocles seizes throne and banishes Polynices
- Eteocles fights for Thebes |
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- Son of Oedipus and also brother
- Seeks fathers blessing in battle with brother
- He leads army to Thebes to fight his brother, Creon is outraged when they both die at Polynices so Creon takes over and says Polynices can't be burried |
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- Daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta sister of Polynices, Antigone, and Eteocles
- Faithful to Antigone but not as bold |
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Daughter of Oedipus&Jocasta
- Tries to bury her brother with proper rites
- Sentenced to death
- hangs herself first |
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Betrothed to Antigone --> Creon's son
- means "bloody"
- stabs himself when he finds Antigone |
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Where Oedipus was born
Laius' place |
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Apollo speaks through the oracle
- first he tells Laius his son will kill him and marry his wife
- in the book he tells Creon that the murderer of Laius is in Thebes and must be driven out in order for the plague to end |
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| King of Argos, Kills Iphigenia his daughter to win the Trojan War |
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| Another name for Zeus - he is the "lord of host and guest" like xenia = guest host hospitality |
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Queen of Argos
- Kills Agamemnon in vengance and Cassandra |
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Agamemnon & Clytemnestra's son that is sent away when Clytemnestra marries Aegisthus
- Kills Clytemnestra
- Put on trial against the furies and Athena rules in favor of him |
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Father of Agamemnon
- his brother Thyestes has sex with his wife a long time ago
Atreus killed his wife and kids and cooked them pretty much
- Atreus exiles Thyestes; however he returns and Atreus invites him for dinner during which he feeds him all his own children |
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Son of Pelops brother of Atreus
- was fed his own children |
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Orestes grew up with Pylades in Corinth.
He represents Apollo
he reminds him to kill Clytemnestra
then becomes silent |
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- Agamemnon's lover whom he brought home from Troy with him.
- She was loved by Apollo but denied him so he cursed her with the gift of being able to foretell the future and no one would ever believe her.
- Clytemnestra kills her and Agamemnon upon their return home |
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FURIES
- Female personifications of vengeance.
- Wanted to avenge the murder of Clytemnestra by the death of Orestes (her son and killer). The heads of the Erinyes were wreathed with serpents (compare Gorgon), their eyes dripped with blood, and their whole appearance was horrific and appalling. |
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Orestes' older sister
- became slave girl to Clytemnestra
- encouraged her brother to kill Clytemnesta and her husband |
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Greek god of light, civilization, ond learning
- Sends Oracle to Orestes that orders him to avenge Agamemnon's murder, threatening grusome punishments if he should refuse
- Promised Orestes he would not pay for the crime of avenging his father in his own blood. |
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Playwright form 480 to 405
Wrote Medea and Bacchae |
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- Medea's ex-husband; son of Aeson from Iolkos on the east coast of Thessaly in central Greece
- Remarried Creon's daughter Glauce who Medea killed |
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| son of Tyro and Poseidon, hated by Hera because he killed his stepmother on her alter when she was seeking refuge there. Pelias kept his half brother, Aeson locked in the dungeons bc he was power hungry. Aeson got married and gave birth to Jason. Pelias was warned by an oracle that he would be overthrown by a man wearing one sandal.. Jason was that man. Pelias – in hopes of having him killed sent him to get the Golden Fleece. He was killed by his own daughters. |
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Golden Fleece: The Golden Fleece was the treasure sought by Jason and the Argonauts. It originated in the following fashion.
- Phrixus and Helle were the children of Athamus and the goddess Nephele.
- When Athamas remarried INO who wanted to kill children
- Ino wrecked crops, sent for fake Delphi info, Ino persuaded the messengers to say that that the oracle required the sacrifice of Phrixus to restore fertility to the fields.
Before Phrixus could be sacrificed, however, Nephele sent a golden ram which carried both children off through the air. Helle fell into the Hellespont (which was named after her), but Phrixus arrived safely at Colchis, where he married the daughter of King Aeetes. Phrixus sacrificed the ram to Zeus, and gave its pelt (the Golden Fleece) to Aeetes. Aeetes placed the fleece in an oak tree, where it remained until - -- Jason arrived to claim it. |
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An ekkyklema was a wheeled platform rolled out through a skene in ancient Greek theatre. It was usually used to indicate that the scene taking place on the ekkyklema was an interior scene.
Literally meaning "a rolled out thing", the ekkyklema was used in Greek theatre, because it was not permitted to show gory or murderous scenes on stage. |
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King of Athens
son of Pandion, the guy who says he will take in Medea in Athens if she comes there for refuge |
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| The coming and revenge of Dionysus |
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AKA man of sorrows
Pentheus was a king of Thebes, son of the strongest spartes, Echion, and Agave, daughter of Cadmus
Basically it's Dionysus' half sister's son
Dinysus lured Pentheus out to spy on rituals and when the daughters of Cadmus saw him they turned into crazy barbaric murderers and killed him |
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Phoecian prince
Grandfather of Dionysus on his mortal side |
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| Sparagmos refers to an ancient Dionysian ritual in which a living animal, or sometimes even a human being, would be sacrificed by being dismembered, by the tearing apart of limbs from ones body. |
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| inspired and frenzied female worshippers of Dionysus, |
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greek poet & philospher
His poetry criticized and satirized a wide range of ideas, including the belief in the pantheon of anthropomorphic gods and the Greeks' veneration of athleticism. |
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| Critias, one of Plato's late dialogues, contains the story of the mighty island kingdom Atlantis and its attempt to conquer Athens, which failed due to the ordered society of the Athenians. |
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| "Father of History" in Western culture. He was the first historian to collect his materials systematically, test their accuracy to a certain extent, and arrange them in a well constructed and vivid narrative[ |
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Rationalist
- war between Sparta and Athens to the year 411 BC. Thucydides has been regarded as the father of "scientific history" because of his strict standards of gathering evidence and his analysis in terms of cause and effect without reference to intervention by the gods.[1] He has also been considered the father of the school of political realism, which views the relations between nations as based on might rather than right.[ |
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Classical Greek philosopher, who together with his teacher, Socrates, and his student, Aristotle, helped to lay the philosophical foundations of Western culture.[2]
- socratic dialogues imp |
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| The Myth of Er is an analogy that appears at the end of Plato's Republic (10.614-10.621). It introduces the concept that moral people should be rewarded, and immoral people punished, after death. These rewards and punishments result directly from the individual's conduct, rather than being administered by an external deity. |
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| ato credits him with having invented the role of the professional sophist or teacher of virtue. |
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