Term
| 2. Who became the leader of Athens after Pericles' death? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3. What did Athens do to arouse Sparta's anxiety, igniting the Peloponnesian War? |
|
Definition
When Athens took over Megara, a city in Ittica.
In the Peloponnesian War (c. 431 BC-404 BC), Megara was an ally of Sparta. The Megarian decree was issued by Athens with the purpose of choking out the Megarian economy. The decree stated that Megarian merchants were not allowed in territory controlled by Athens. So the Magerians defected from Sparta for economic reasons. |
|
|
Term
| 4. What killed as many as 25% of Athenians at the outset of the Peloponnesian War? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5. What kind of battle did Athenians prefer to fight and why? |
|
Definition
| A naval or sea battle, they had lots of ships and knew how to use them. |
|
|
Term
| 6. What kind of battle did Sparta prefer to fight? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 7. What was the ratio between Athenians and Spartans in the Peloponnisian War? |
|
Definition
2 Athenian to 1 Spartans
The Spartans were tougher. |
|
|
Term
| 8. What briefly stopped the 2nd Peloponnesian War? |
|
Definition
| Both decided to return everything that they had conquered during the war, except for Nisaea, which would remain in Athenian hands. Neither side was satisfied, and the treaty was later broken and rendered useless. |
|
|
Term
| 9a. Who was the key rival to Nicias in Athens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 9b. What relation was Alcibiades to Pericles? |
|
Definition
| Alcibiades was Pericles' nephew |
|
|
Term
| 10. Who was Alcibiades' teacher? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 11. What was Alcibiades greatest ability? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 12. Whose idea was it to attack the Greek city-states of Sicily? |
|
Definition
| The Sicilian Expedition was Alcibiades' idea |
|
|
Term
| 13. Who lead the attack on Sicily? |
|
Definition
| Nicias. Scholars have argued that, had that expedition been under Alcibiades' command instead of Nicias', the expedition might not have met its eventual disastrous fate. |
|
|
Term
| 14. What happened in the Sicilian Expedition? |
|
Definition
Athens was completely defeated. Most of the Athenian navy was destroyed.
Athens was left almost completely defenseless. |
|
|
Term
| 15. Name the Spartan general who defeated Athens in the Peloponnisian War. |
|
Definition
| Lysander. Athens was spared but her long walls and the fortifications of pireus were demolished. Start of the Spartan hegemony |
|
|
Term
| 16. Name three things Sparta did to Athens after the war ended. |
|
Definition
1. Tore down the walls of the city. 2. Installed their own Oligarch. 3. Barr the Athenians from having a democracy.
4. Demolished the Navy |
|
|
Term
| 17. After the war was over, which city-state became the major leader in Greece? |
|
Definition
| After the Peloponnisian War. Sparta was the winner, so Sparta was the major leader. |
|
|
