Term
| 1 liter of water is ____lbs |
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Definition
|
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Term
| approximitely ___% of the adult body is water |
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Definition
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Term
| within cell-fluid is water called |
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Definition
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Term
| fluid is regulated by: 1.2.3.4. |
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Definition
| 1.osmosis 2.filtration 3.diffusion 4.active transport |
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Term
| Movement of fluid from and area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration |
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Definition
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Term
| Movement of molecules and ions from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
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Definition
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Term
| Movement of water and solutes from an area of higher hydrostatic pressure to an area of lower hydrostatic pressure |
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Definition
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Term
-Physiologic pump that moves fluid from area lower concentration to area higher concentration
-Movement against concentration gradient |
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Definition
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Term
| Sodium-potassium pump maintains higher concentration extracellular ___ and intracellular _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Hydrostatic pressure can be thought of as “_____ pressure,” and osmotic pressure can be thought of as “_____” pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| Proportion of dissolved particles (solute) in volume of fluid |
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Definition
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Term
| When plasma osmolarity increases 1.___ is released & less 2.___ excreted (more concentrated urine) |
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Definition
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Term
Fluid volume deficit (FVD) 1.____
fluid volume excess (FVE) 2.___ |
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Definition
| 1. hypovolemia 2. hypervolemia |
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Term
*Produced primarily by heart response to changes ECF volume.
*When B/P increases, this chemical is released
• this chemical acts on kidneys to increase Na+ excretion • Leads to decrease ECF volume.
low blood pressure inhibits the release of this chemical |
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Definition
| atrial naturietic peptide (ANP) |
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Term
* loss of water alone with increased serum sodium level
• Causes: vomiting, diarrhea, GI suctioning, sweating, decreased intake/ inability gain access fluids |
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Definition
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Term
heart failure, renal failure, cirrhosis of liver are risk factors for:
Contributing factors: excessive dietary sodium or sodium-containing IV solutions |
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Definition
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Term
*Sodium
• Potassium
• Chloride
• Bicarbonate |
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Definition
| 1.135-145 2. 3.5-5.0 3. 98-106 4. 24-31 |
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Term
Regulates extracellular fluid volume and
osmolarity
normal level is ___-___ |
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Definition
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Term
| when sodium levels go below 135, hypertonic, restrict H2O+other fluids |
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Definition
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Term
| when sodium levels are above 145, water deficit |
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Definition
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Term
Maintains intracellular osmolarity
Controls cell resting potential
Exchanged for H+ to buffer changes in blood pH |
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Definition
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Term
Normal level is 8.5–10.5 mg/dL
• Extracellular: nerve impulse; blood clotting
• Intracellular: needed for all muscle contraction |
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Definition
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Term
– Blocks more Na+gates
– Nerves are less able to fire |
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Definition
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Term
– Blocks fewer Na+ gates –
Nerves fire more easily |
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Definition
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Term
• Trousseau’s Sign • Chvostek’s Sign • Tetany/spasm
• Tap or touch cheek • Elicit twitch/spasm are all signs of |
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Definition
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Term
• Cofactor enzymatic reactions (Involving ATP; DNA replication; mRNA production)
• Metabolism of carbohydrates & Proteins
normal level is 1.8-2.7 |
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Definition
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Term
| Key respiratory & metabolic mediators work concurrently keep ______ levels normal and stable and to maintain homeostasis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| measures acidic or basic (alkaline) nature of substances. |
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Definition
| pH (potential hydrogen) scale |
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Term
Individual acids have different functions:
1. byproducts of energy metabolism
2. digestion
3. "food" for brain |
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Definition
1. lactic acid, carbonic acid
2. hydrochloric acid
3.ketoacids |
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Term
| C02 spontaneously combines with water in blood to form ____, therefore CO2 is considered _____ |
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Definition
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Term
HCO3 Will spontaneously combine with ___ in blood to neutralize.
Therefore HCO3- considered _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| When PaCO2 levels become ABNORMALLY high, leads to decrease pH, resulting in: |
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Definition
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Term
| When PaCO2 levels become ABNORMALLY low, leads to increase pH, resulting in: |
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Definition
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Term
| When PaCO2 levels become ABNORMALLY low, leads to increase pH, resulting in respiratory alkalosis...this can be caused by |
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Definition
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Term
– Increased levels of keto acids,lactic acid,etc.
– Decreased bicarbonate levels |
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Definition
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Term
– Decreased H+ levels
– Increased bicarbonate levels |
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Definition
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Term
| When HCO3- levels become ABNORMALLY high, results in: |
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Definition
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Term
| When HCO3- levels become ABNORMALLY low, results in: |
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Definition
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Term
| Breathing adjusts ____ levels to bring pH back to normal |
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Definition
|
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Term
| metabolic alkalosis can be caused by |
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Definition
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Term
| Most commonly due to vomiting or gastric suction; may also be caused by medications, especially long-term diuretic use |
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Definition
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Term
| evaluate ability lungs move oxygen into blood & remove carbon dioxide from blood. |
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Definition
| ABG's----arterial blood gasses |
|
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Term
• pH:
• PaCO2:
• HCO3:
• PaO2:
• Oxygen saturation > |
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Definition
1. 7.35-7.45
2. 35-45
3. 22-26
4. 80-100
5. 93-100% |
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