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Definition
1st psychiatrist to use the term DEMENTIA PRAECOX- the precursor to the schizophrenia diagnosis
Kraeplin believed Demntia Preacox onset in early adulthood and got progressively worse |
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Term
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Definition
First to coin the term schizophrenia.
From the Greek- Schiz (Split) and Phren (mind)
Split Mind- term sometimes causes it to be confused with Dissociative Identity Disorder
Blueler beleived schizophrenia could come on at any point and was not necessarily progressive |
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Term
Schizophrenia
POSITIVE SYMPTOMS (List) |
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Definition
Positive Symptoms: Extreme exaggerations of normal behaviors- Abnormal Manifestations
-Delusions
-Hallucinations
-Disorganized thought and speech
-Disorganized Behavior
-Catatonia |
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Definition
-Persecutory Delusions(most common)
-Deluisions of Grandeur
-Thought Broadcasting Deluisions
-Thought Withdraw
-Thought Insertion
-Somatic Delusions |
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Definition
-Auditory Hallucinations
-Taste Hallucinations
-Smell Hallucinations
-Tactile Hallucinations
-Visual Hallucinations
Auditory and visual hallucinations often go together Hallucinations affect the human experience- pervasive and alienating |
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Term
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Definition
Most common form of schizophrenic delusions
False and persistent belief that you are being persecuted by an individual or organization.
Person feels like they are being watched, they can develop elaborate stories around their delusions. The delusions can be very articulate and sound plausible.
Persecutory delusions are very influenced by culture. e.g. US = government, Asia= haunting ancestors, Afro-carribean= curses, spells |
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| Belief that they are powerful or famous (e.g. jesus). Can go along with persecutory delusions- they are being targeted because they are special |
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Definition
A positive symptom of schizophrenia that falls into the Delusion category
Belief that thoughts are heard by others |
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Definition
A positive symptom of schizophrenia that falls into the Delusion category
Belief that thoughts are being stolen by a special force or person |
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Definition
A positive symptom of schizophrenia that falls into the Delusion category
Belief that something or someone is inserting thoughts into their head |
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Definition
A positive symptom of schizophrenia that falls into the Delusion category
Belief that some part of the body is changed or diseased e.g. snakes swimming in intenstines, bugs crawling on skin |
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Definition
Perceptual experiences that aren't real. Can affect any of the sense: hearing, smell, taste, touch, sight
Everyone has had this type of perceptual experience before but with schizophrenia, they are more severe and more recurrent. |
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Term
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Definition
Can be background noise or music or a voice or voices.
Voices are the most common. Not an inner voice. Voices may be talking to each other about the person or talking directly to the person.
Might be commanding the person to do things COMMAND AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS
can lead to suicide or occasionally violence towards others |
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Term
| Disorganized Thought & Speech |
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Definition
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
Difficulty having an ongoing, coherent thought.
Thoughts get jumbled and jump or logic is loose.
Speech is sometimes jumbled and incoherent "WORD SALAD"
Loosening of associations
"CLANG ASSOCIATIONS" -words put together based on sound not meaning |
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Term
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Definition
25% have visions
60% hear voices (more dangerous)
1/10 suicide reate
Women onset in 20s-30s
Men onset in teens-20s
Equal divide between the sexes
2.5 million have schizophrenia- meds only help 75%
Drugs are the only tx for hallucinations (no rx until the 1950s invention of anti convulsants)
New tx for auditory hallucinations Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 8 of 12 subjects responded |
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Term
| Continuous Performance Test |
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Definition
Computer test - attend to different letters on screen. Only pay attention to a single letter (e.g. A) and hit a button when it appears.
Test takes sustained attention and vigilance
Even schizophrenics in remission do poorly.
Children and siblings of schizophrenics often do worse than control group.
Those who do poorly are more likely to develop schizophrenia later |
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Definition
A positive symptom of schizophrenia
Very rare in schizophrenia
rigid stance with waxy movements
Repetitive flapping
Common in Bipolar Disorder |
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Definition
A positive symptom of schizophrenia
More common than catatonia
Shouting, profanity, odd dress, public masturbation, poor hygiene
The public behaviors intimidate passersby. Leads to stereotype that because schizophrenics are irratic that they are violent. No more prone to violence than others. More likely to be the victims of violence. |
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Definition
Schizophrenic with delusions of grandeur. Going to save the world. Paranoid.
Media focuses on a small percentage of the schizophrenic population that is violent |
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Schizophrenia Negative Symptoms
(5) |
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Definition
Negative SX: Absence of behaviors seen in people with schizophrenia
-Ahedonia
-Blunted/Flat Affect
-Alogia
-Avolition
-Asociality |
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Definition
Negative SX of Schizophrenia
75% of cases- very common
Reduced pleasure in different areas people usually enjoy (food, sex, hobbies, etc.)
Affects ANTICIPATORY PLEASURE not pleasure in the moment.
Causes problems motivating and caring for self. |
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Definition
Negative SX Schizophrenia
66% of cases- very common
Lacks outward appearance of emotion: face looks blank, eyes lifeless, flat voice
OUTWARD APPEARANCE ONLY- emotions are still felt, just not shown |
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Definition
Negative SX Schizophrenia
50%- common sx
"POVERTY OF SPEECH" don't say much, don't initiate conversations or engage much |
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Definition
Negative SX Schizophrenia
Reduced motivation (EXPERIENCE) and difficulty initiating routine activities (BEHAVIORS)
Avolition and ahedonia may be related
Avolition- affects dressing, washing, eating, social activity, work, etc.
People with avolition spend a lot of time at home doing nothing. |
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Term
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Definition
Negative SX Schizophrenia
Asociality is decreased interest in developing or maintaining relationships with others.
Would rather be alone.
Can be a difficult sx for family members- can lead to conflict
Conflict with family predictive of worse outcomes- end up having more relapses and hospitalizations |
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