Term
| Borderline Personality Disorder |
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Definition
Identity Problems- no core sense of self
Fluctuating emotions
View of self and others is erratic- going from idealized version to worst
Comorbidity- about 50% of people with BPD have depression
a lot also have substance abuse and self harm behaviors
-hard time being alone
-latch on to people |
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Term
Difference between depression and borderline personality with depression
Treatment of BPD |
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Definition
Borderline personality has a greater sense of lonliness and isolation when depressed, more erratic relationship issues
The difference is important when it comes to therapy since Borderline has the core concern of FEAR OF ABANDONMENT- they need safety in therapy
e.g. Therapist has to change appointment time BPD takes it personally, they're not important enough to the therapist, they were counting on them
e.g. therapist has to move away- refers client to Dr. B- arrives at office to find BPD hysterical on the floor of the waiting room, suicidal. Has to be hospitalized because therapist moved away.
Have to explain/ help patient understand why they are reacting so strongly.
Can be calming to understand the root cause (fear of abandonment)
Have to teach them to save themselves |
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Term
| Cause of Borderline Personality Disorder |
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Definition
Unknown
Some studies of hospitalized BPD have shown a high prevalence of abuse (sexual, physical, emotional) but since most abused people don't develop it there is most likely something else at play |
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Term
Narcissism vs. Histrionics
-SIMILARITIES- |
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Definition
-shared underlying issue of LOW SELF ESTEEM
-Both like/need to be center of attention
-Self focused, self centered
-Manipulative
-Angry, quick to anger
-Don't see their role in their problems |
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Term
Narcissism vs. Histrionics
-Differences- |
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Definition
Histrionics seem needy while narcissists are arrogrant and emote superiority
Hist. attact people with charm, Narcissists put others down
Hist. seek attention and care, Narcisists seek admiration
Hist. flighty with vague affected speech vs narsicists are dramatic and emotional/unemotional
Hist. primarily females, narcissists predominantly male |
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Term
| Overlap of personality disorders in the DSM |
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Definition
| Personality disorders often overlap in their behaviors. The DSM is beginning to acknowledge the fluidity amongst classifications- |
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Term
| Antisocial Personality Disorder |
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Definition
-Wide range on the spectrum of severity..
-Much more common in men
1) Behavior
2) Affective/ Interpersonal Core
3) Pattern of irresponsible and deviant behavior dating back to at least age 15 |
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Term
Antisocial Personality Disorder
1) Behavior |
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Definition
Doing hings that violate or disregard social norms, violate other people's trust, feelings or the law
-Liars, con artists- manipulate people or the system
-Often impulsive in their disregard for the law or others (see hot headed vs cold hearted) rather than premeditated
-Often aggressive or violent
-Trouble learning from experience and consequences- doesn't inhibit them
-frequently behave as though the rules don't apply to them (white or blue collar)
-Behaviors tend to diminish with age but the underlying attitudes don't |
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Term
Antisocial Personality Disorder
2) Affective/ Interpersonal Core |
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Definition
-Lack of remorse, guilt, empathy or moral code
-Can seem superficially charming- facade of interpersonal connections but upon closer inspection they are superficial relationships
-e.g. the woman who went around stealing purses from church was married with kids but upon closer inspection she saw them as an ordeal and didn't really feel anything for them
-Can't really relate to love |
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Term
| Antisocial Personality Disorder |
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Definition
3) Pattern of irresponsible and deviant behavior dating back to at least age 15
history of behavior begins in adolescence though diagnosis is never given until adulthood. |
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Term
| Brain scans and Antisocial Personality |
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Definition
Affects a wide range of people- CEOs to criminals/
One researcher did fMRI scans of brain and did a blind analysis. His own brain showed him to have APD- Upon reflection he did have a history of family members complaining that he didn't seem to care about them or think about them- the behaviors had emerged in childhood but he had had strong family intervention-
positive reinforcement works much better then punishment
Researcher beleives that family intervention saved him. |
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Term
| Prisoner Study -Anti Social Personality |
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Definition
23,000 inmates studied in 63 counties - violent crime convictions
47% found to have antisocial personality disorder
the other 53% were made up of a variety of things- substance abuse, other mental illnesses, anger managment |
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Term
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Definition
1999 convicted of murdering 4 women near Yosemite park. FBI interviewed him initially and then released him.
Stayer turned himself in with an appointment.
His actions were antisocial but he didn't have anti social personality disorder.
fMRI of his brain shows differences. He had obsessive thinking styles- recurring violent images and thoughts(eg. heads bobbing on the ocean)
He couldn't turn off the violent images so he removed himself from society and went to live in the mountains but he couldn't control himself. He wrote a very sincere apology letter to the mother of the victim- sentenced to life in prision |
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Term
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Definition
Serial killer with antisocial personality disorder.
Very calculating, claimed multiple personality disorder (d.i.d) to get out of conviction (couldn't outright deny). Then claimed he had no memory of the event. Convinced some drs but one dr wasn't convinced and evidence emerged showing his con-man type behavior.
Could cry on cue and look remorseful then would be smoking a cigarette and laughing 5 minutes late in private |
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Term
| Hot Headed vs Cold Hearted Study |
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Definition
Brain scans of 44 violent male criminals, all had antisocial personality disorder but had two different types of brain scans.
Hot headed:
-emotional instability
-highly impulsive high levels or mood & anxiety disorders
-use of aggression as response to perceived threats
-use of aggression when frustrated
-fMRI shows normal brains
cold hearted:
-wide range of antisocial acts
-greater number than hot heads
-begin anti social behaviors at an earlier age
-fMRI shows less brain matter in parts of the frontal cortex and termporal poles (social/moral areas.
the 2 types differ in response to treatment and therapy- hot heads do better |
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Term
| Predictors/ Risk factors for Anti-Social Personality Disorder |
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Definition
-look at age of onset of antisocial behaviors- the earlier they start and the longer they last, the stronger the likelihood.
Early childhood diagnoses:
Oppositional defiant disorder
Conduct disorder
Parent Contributions/Environment:
-Many APD kids raised in an environment the a similarly disposed caregiver:
-behavior modeling
-neglectful parenting
-increased liklihood of abuse or punative discipliine
-divorce can be a factor when combined with others
Neighborhood- more crime increases the risk- more opportunities to join in antisocial behaviors and less stigma
Disciplinary styles: harsher discipline growing up, inconsistent discipline
Likely to be rejected by peers if acting out causing them to gravitate towards like-minded/troubled kids who then reinforce each other
-grow up without secure bonds, and with inconsistent consequences
Tough guy mentality -don't show weakness, take what you want/need, rely on yourself.
Some people have fine childhoods and still become ASPD while some people raised in adversity don't have the disorder so not all environmental. |
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Term
| Oppositional Defiant Disorder |
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Definition
early diagnosis for kids
-pattern of hostile or defiant behavior towards authority both at home and in class.
- Disruptive for more than six months.
-Onset by age 6 |
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Term
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Definition
If oppositional defiant disorder continues and escalates beyond age 9 into other behaviors such as:
violence, theft, arson, truancy
many CD kids don't go on to become ASPD adults but it is a risk factor.
When combined with ADHD the risk for ASPD increases/
30-50% of kids with conduct disorder have ADHD |
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Term
| New Zealand study on criminal behavior & smoking in utero study |
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Definition
followed participants from birth to age 20. Measured for environment, personality, etc. Charted criminal behavior.
Found specific genetic variation protected people from criminal activities
Participants without the protective mutation + abusive environment were more likely to engage in criminal behavior.
In utero studie- smoking 1 pack per day, especially during the third trimester is 2x as likely to produce a baby with criminal behavior by age 18- controlling for other behaviors and environmental factors- could be that brain damage plays a role. |
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