Term
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Definition
Containment level 3 labs
hazard group 3 organisms |
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Term
| What is the chain of infection and what protections can you use where? |
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Definition
resevoir of pathogen -> portal of escape -> transmission -> route of entry => susceptible host -> incubation
risk assessment for all, practices and equipment for portal of escape, PPE for transmission, immunity for suscpetible host, prophylaxis for incubation |
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Term
| Considerations for principals of infection |
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Definition
Host factors e.g. health, sex, alternate illnesses
infectivity, immune response, cuts or other situational stuff |
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Term
| Protective features against disease |
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Definition
| skin, cilia, acid, tears, immune system |
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Term
| what effects suscpetibility to disease |
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Definition
age
nutrition, pregnancy, previous infection, vaccination, previous conditions |
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Term
| what factors should be considered about infectious agents? |
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Definition
| route of infection, dose, incubation, virulence, latency, reactivation, transmissability, persistence, slef replication, variability |
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Term
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Definition
| food and water, bites, aerosol, direct contact, blood, sex |
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Term
| what to consider about infection routes in lab setting |
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Definition
aerosol greatest risk
unnatural routes
secondary contamination |
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Term
| What three factors can mask an infectious individual? |
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Definition
long incubation periods
latent forms of disease
carriers |
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Term
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Definition
mycobacterium tb
e coli 0157
b antrhacis |
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Term
What does infection depend on:
What does outcome depend on? |
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Definition
Organism factors
Host factors
Exposure
Immune response
vaccine status
organism and host factors |
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Term
| Give the order of the hierarchy of controls |
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Definition
elimination
substitution
egineering controls
admin controls
ppe |
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Term
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Definition
| Where an assessment has shown the continuing need for personal protection |
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Term
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Definition
| appropriate, compliant with legal standards, well fitting, ergonomic, compatible with task and other ppe, well maintained and stored, reassessed regularly |
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Term
| Where will you find the ppe requirement for a given lab? |
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Definition
| At the entrance to the lab |
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Term
| What should cl3 gloves be? |
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Definition
| not latex, changed regularly, chemically compatible |
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Term
| what should cl3 gowns be? |
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Definition
| Back fastening, close fitting cuffs, autoclaved and laundered regularly |
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Term
| what can prevent ingestions infections? |
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Definition
| No food, no chewing pens, tie back long hair, gloves, washing hands, no jewellry or personal items, good gmp |
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Term
| what can prevent inhalation infections? |
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Definition
| Masks, respiratorys, positive pressure hoods and masks, msc3 and good gmp |
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Term
| what can prevent injection infections? |
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Definition
| Puncture resistant gloves |
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Term
| How should cl3 ppe be disposed of? |
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Definition
| Remove before leaving working area, keep apart from uncontaminated clothing and equipment, decontaminate and clean, normally autoclave, destroy if breach occurs |
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Term
| What is a biological agent as defined by COSHH |
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Definition
| a microorganism, cell culture or human endoparasite, whether or not geneticall modified, which may cause infection, allergy, toxicity or otherwise create a hazard to human health |
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Term
| What criteria decide hazard group of a given agent? |
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Definition
ability to cause infection in otherwise healthy individuals
risk the infection will spread to community
availability of effective vaccines and treatments
severity of resulting disease |
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Term
| Define a hazard group 1 bacteria? |
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Definition
| a biological agent unlikely to cause human disease |
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Term
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Definition
| bifidia regularis, lactobacillus casei, staph epidermidis, b atropheus |
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Term
| Define a hazard group 2 agent? |
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Definition
| A biological agent that can cause human disease and may be a hazard to employees, unlikely to spread to community and there is usually effective prophylaxis or treatment available |
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Term
| Name two hazard group 2 agents |
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Definition
| herpes simplex (1 and 2) and e. coli |
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Term
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Definition
| a biological agent that can cause severe human disease and may be a serious hazard to employees. It may spread to the community but there is usually effective prophylaxis or treatment available. |
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Term
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Definition
| dengue virus, e.coli 0157 or 0103 |
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Term
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Definition
| a biological agent that can cause severe human disease and is a serious hazard to employees. It it likely to spread to the community and there is usually no effective prophylaxis or treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| health security executive |
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Term
| who are the competent body responsible for issueing categorisation of biological agents |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| specified animal pathogen order |
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Term
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Definition
| agents that could infect animals of economic concern, how to dispose and make safe, effluent plants, transfers of sapo agents |
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Term
| Name the three sections of a sapo license |
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Definition
A - license
B - definitions
c - conditions |
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Term
| What are the four sapo groups |
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Definition
group 1 - disease producing organisms which are enzootic and do not produce notifiable disease
group 2 - disease producing organisms which are either exotic or produce notifiable disease but have a low risk of spread from the laboratory
group 3 - disease producing organisms which are either exotic or produce notifiable disease and have a moderate risk of spread from the laboratory
group 4 - disease producing organisms which are either exotic or produce notifiable disease and have a high risk of spread from the labortory |
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Term
| name three sapo group 2 organisms |
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Definition
| b anthracis sterne strain, mycoplasma agalactiae, mycoplasma mycoides |
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Term
| name three sapo group 3 organisms |
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Definition
| b anthracis, bru abortus, br melitensis |
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Term
| name three sapo group 4 organisms |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A set of preventive measures designed to reduce the risk of loss,misuse or intentional release of biological material. |
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Term
| Who runs the biosecurity list? |
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Definition
National counter terrorism security office
BWC
HSE
DEFRA
ACDP
COSHH |
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Term
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Definition
| the way in which biological agents are managed in a lab, animal room or environment to prevent release and exposure to workers, other people, animals and the environment. |
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Term
| What is primary containment |
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Definition
| protection of the worker and the immediate environment by a combination of gmp and use of safety equipment |
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Term
| What is secondary containment |
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Definition
| protection of people and the environment outside the laboratory. achieved by lab design and operation procedures |
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Term
| What is a risk assessment |
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Definition
A systematic and careful exmination of work activities which could cause harm to people
An evaluation of controls in place to decide if they are sufficient to reduce the risk of harm |
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Term
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Definition
| something with the potential to cause harm |
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Term
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Definition
| the likelyhood that the harm from a particular hazard is realised |
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Term
| what control measures can you use to reduce the risk of an infectious hazard |
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Definition
less volume
disinfection
time
layers of containment
ppe
racks |
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Term
| what are the steps in a risk assessment? |
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Definition
Observation and idenficiation of hazards
foresight - decide who might be harmed and how
knowledge (not a step, by the way) - evaluate the level of risks and deicde on precautions
communication - record findings and implement
management - review process and update if necessary |
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Term
| What are potential human risk factors |
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Definition
understanding of and interaction with equyipment, procedures and information
complexity and frequency of task, personality, physicality, workload, competence, time and tools available, working patterns, communication |
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Term
| what is the risk rating of a particular activity |
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Definition
| likelihood of hazard x impact |
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Term
| What are the four levels of liklihood of risk occurring |
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Definition
| rare, unlikely, possible, likely, almost certain |
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Term
| What are the five impact scores for risk rating? |
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Definition
| Insignificant, minor, moderate, severe, catastrophic |
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Term
| What is an acceptable risk |
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Definition
| An action, procedure or act is safe if the risks associated with it are judged acceptable |
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Term
| Why would you perform a quantitative risk assessment |
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Definition
to assess the seriousness of an accident
to assess potential aerosol dose of an exposed worker
to assess when it is safe to return to the lab
to assess whether additional containment is required |
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Term
| How do you calculate spray factor? |
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Definition
| aerosol conc/suspension conc |
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Term
| What does containment level 2 require? |
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Definition
| Sensible location, restricted entry, safe storage, signage, impervious and disinfectant resistant work surfaces, no positive airflow, COP, disinfection and waste policy, accident procedures, equipment decontaminated for safe servicing |
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Term
| What does containment level 3 require? |
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Definition
| All cl2 facilities + alarm systems, negative pressure, sealable, air supply and ductwork checked for leak tightness, hepa filtered exhaust air, prevent reverse flow of air, single pass air at typically 10-12 air changes per hour, seperate from other activities, coved and wleded floor, solid continous ceiling, impervious floor, hands free or automatic sink, eye was station, sealed and fire resistant windows flush with the inside, gas cylinders outside the lab with shut off valve, lab visible from outside,double doors that are self closing. |
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Term
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Definition
| To protect the workers and the pathogens |
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Term
| How is access controlled? |
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Definition
| locks, lock boxes, codes, access to site, alarms, doors, fences |
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Term
| What should a new starter do before they start work at cl3? |
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Definition
Be experienced and competent at CL2
Undertake health screening and additional vaccinations
read and understand the code of practice and risk assessments
tour and tro the lab by the lab supervisor
have a mentor |
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Term
| What should cl3 personnel do before starting a new project in cl3 |
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Definition
undertake a dry run
ensure have full knowledge and experience
plan work to minimize risk of exposure
control waste and not expose others |
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Term
| what documentation is required for cl3 |
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Definition
| cop, inventory, record of possible exposure |
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Term
| what should a cl3 lab and lobby pressure be |
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Definition
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Term
| What additional control is required for gm organisms at cl3? |
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Definition
| Waste autoclaved then incinerated |
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Term
| what do animal facilities at acdp3 require? |
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Definition
Efficient vector control
walls and ceilings impervious to water and easy to clean
water and ceilings to be resistant to acids, alkalis, solvents and disinfectants |
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Term
| At what level should ventilation be dedicated to the lab? |
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Definition
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Term
| at an air change rate of 12, how long for 99.9% air removal |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| high efficiency particulate air |
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Term
| how are hepafilters tested |
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Definition
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Term
| what traceability does cl3 equipment require |
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Definition
| calibration dates, serial numbers, reference to methods use, reference numbers and sign offs saying safe to use |
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Term
| What factors does biocontainment equipment use? |
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Definition
| Barriers, directional air flow, air curtains, dilution, filters, seals, disinfection |
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Term
| what are the important features of an MSCI |
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Definition
| Open fronted aperture, inward flow of air, no protection for material in cabinet, ehaust air through a HEPA, surfaces can be disinfected or fumigated, airflows can be disrupted |
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Term
| what are the important features of an MSCII |
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Definition
| Open fronted, curtain of air flowing down, air flowing across work area is hepa filtered, surfaces can be disinfected or fumigated, lowest operator protection |
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