Term
| Name the five types of prisons. |
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Definition
1) Maximum Security
2) Super Max
3) Medium Security Prison
4) Lower
5) Minimum |
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Term
| What is Maximum Security? |
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Definition
8x4 a lot stainless steel, concrete, all steel door with a little window with non-breakable glass. Cell holds 2-6 people, then a cell block is like a dorm hall. 15 ft high perimeter wall. 2 sets of barbwire fences going all around, and has concertina (razor blades) fence on top and bottom of these barbwire fences. Perimeter control driving around on watch. Also a lot of technology and electronic security and surveillance involved. A lot more checks on inmates (can count number of inmates from 4-12 times a day (every 4 hours)). Towers at each corner and covering blind spots around the prison. Helicopter wires above the prison. High staff to inmate ratio.
* Maximum for women is medium for men. |
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Term
| Explain Super Max type-prison in detail. |
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Definition
| all of maximum but cell block could be underground and towers are more in defense positions. More afraid of who is coming in to break inmates out. Each state has their own super max, most ppl get there because they at out in max or other prisons. Average 50,000 a year to keep these ppl in max security. |
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Term
| What is Medium Security prison like? |
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Definition
| Have everything a max has except series of fences and fewer towers. |
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Term
| Lower prisons consist of? |
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Definition
| no tower and maybe just one fence |
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Term
| Minimum Security Prisons were like... |
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Definition
| ...like a dorm with a room and has white lines around it. Sometimes next to a big prison. Open dorm. |
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Term
| Formal Inmate Discipline is like... |
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Definition
| ...orientation they tell you the rules and consequences like count, bell times, and sheets and you were expected to fallow it. |
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Term
| Informal discipline is like... |
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Definition
| ...communicate and compromise, staff members have to do shake downs sometimes so informal discipline warning could be like often checking the prisoner or threatening a room change in a way. Moving prisoners to prisons closer to their family… leverage in situations. *Desial therapy- replaced whacking therapy, and it is the processes of shipping prisoners to different prisons so that the prisoner has to sit on a bus handcuffed hands and ankle to a chair for hours is very uncomfortable in hopes they won’t act out again. |
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Term
| What is a alternative when a prisoner has been in prison for a long period of time, and his life in prison has now became a part of him, he has lost the ability to think for himself and his own way of life becomes jail life and becomes so ingrained on you over time that you don't know any other way.(He almost can't function when he gets out of prison.)? |
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Definition
| Institutionalization is an alternative. |
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Term
| What are the 9 inmate social status? |
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Definition
1)Top dog
2)Prison Politian
3)Character
4)A tuff
5)A crazy
6)Square jawns
7)A queen or punk
8)Rat/snitch
9)Rapo |
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Term
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Definition
| People that are already leaders outside a prison like drug lords, gang leader, or mafia leader is usually leaders in prison too. If you mess with the social status the other prisoners will punish you. |
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Term
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Definition
| anyone with access to outside or illegal resources in addition to information. Smuggles things in to prisons or know information like when they are going to search a cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anyone who can make an inmate laugh (very valuable) other inmates find him important because being in prison is very stressful. |
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Term
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Definition
| a huge, aggressive, imitator, lives in the weight room, will show is strength against someone for a while. |
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Term
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Definition
| has a status because he is unpredictable, and have no idea what he is going to do so stay clear of him. |
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Term
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Definition
| average crowd and everyone else nothing special about you either way majority of people. |
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Term
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Definition
| rat on someone in or before prison like in a trial. |
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Term
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Definition
| child molester or incest, lowest of the low always in great danger. |
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Term
| Name some unauthorized activities. |
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Definition
| Gambling to pass time and have entertainment, smuggling, selling contraband (anything unauthorized), weapon making, making illegal alcohol, complaining, engaging into fantasy, homosexual sex (very uncommon) and cooking. |
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Term
| Who is Zebulon Brockaway and what is his significance? |
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Definition
| He started a reformatory in Elmira New York, he introduced new ideas to prisoners, such as classification, education in prison, and vocational training in prison, and the idea that an inmate is master of his own fate (started an incentive program). He says you mark your time either with hard work or bad conduct, and when you have enough marks (or punch your ticket) and you have an indeterminate sentence you can leave after then or the earliest time you can leave (sort of like a parole board hearing). He was not really easy, very military-like and strict. First came up with a separate prison for women however were not funded well, so not a good place. |
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Term
| Describe what the Big House Era (sometimes called progressive area). |
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Definition
1900-1950s
Philosophy is to bring in the best/biggest part of society in the prisons, like factories, business, religion, positive family members, education, inmate fellow ship. Inmates get rewarded for good work, punishment more of loss of privileges rather than physical punishment meaning more human prison. Worst punishment is solitary confinement, still had some physical punishment but was not reported. Era when they phased out weapons like pistols to, batons, to nothing, because when riots happened they found that prisoners would take weapons and use it against them. Inmates will slowly gain control in comparative to PA and NY prison systems, prisoners began to talk and enjoy bringing in of family members. |
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Term
| Describe the Correctional Institution Era. |
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Definition
1950-1989
Change the name of prisons to correctional institutions; psychology will replace religion as main reform agent, accommodations changes: build new prisons and changed their designs, it is going to be more like a college campus not always locking doors sometimes, more professional staff by training guards and calling them correctional officers, liberal correspondents, visitation (5 states even started having conjugal visits), law library’s became part of every prison, weight-lifting became big, movies.
**Controlled: (main way) the inmates by classification: (fish example) by severity of crime, length of sentence, priors, gender, mental health. Compromise. Communication. Grievance (complaint) systems: inmates can complain in writing whenever they want and will always receive an answer, very effective. |
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Term
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Definition
Late 1980s-today
Philosophy cost reduction; compete with private prisons and decrease in all programs. They started laying off psychologist. Perception was that prisons started being to nice so they limited cable t.v., weight rooms (by not funding them so as they broke they weren’t replaced), no more pel-grants, over population has gone up (massive over-crowding)
The difference for jail and prison: has to do with length of time to serve, there are almost no programs in jails, no room for any programs either, jails more overcrowded. |
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Term
| What does capital punishment mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does corporal punishment mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are capital and corporal punishment methods of? |
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Definition
| they are methods used to control poor people |
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Term
| In mid-evil times how many crimes were there that could result in punishment by death? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the colonies era. |
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Definition
| Punishment was shame and humiliation; for example they would tar and feather people, stack and pillory (thing for head and arms), gossips helm (cage on head that held tongue from moving), Ducking stool (stool that repeatedly drops in water), Scarlet letter (letter on the front of shirt). |
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Term
| Who is Cesar Beccaria and what did he do? |
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Definition
| He wrote a book on crime and punishment in 1700s, which lead to the use of prisons and incarceration. He believed that crime was committed of free will and believed in pleasure vs. pain, meaning he thought that punishment must be greater than the pleasure. |
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Term
| Who is William Penn and what did he do? |
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Definition
| He was the founder of Pennsylvania and Philadelphia and also creates Penn's code which calls for laws revolved around religion, starts first prison which is the walnut street jail, which is later converted in to a penitentiary later. |
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Term
| What is the Pennsylvania system like? |
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Definition
It removed criminal form society and used the bible as time to reflect. It had two penitentiaries known as east(PHI) and west(pitt).
*silent/separate. |
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Term
| What was Pennsylvania's Penitentiaries like? |
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Definition
-Meals brought to your cell
-built a wall to separate them from society
-Constitutional law to have 1 hour of recreational time
-No mail, visitors, or reading material |
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Term
| What was the New York System like? |
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Definition
-Silent system- silent confinement with work element
-Silent in order to prevent corruption, prevent escapes, riots plans... created a bell system to move people.
-Lockstep march- the way inmates walked during bell system.
*Conjugate but silent |
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Term
| What four types of labor are there in prison? |
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Definition
1)Contract System
2)Piece-Price System
3)Lease System
4)State Account
**today every prisoner works |
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Term
| What was the contract system like? |
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Definition
| contract with factory, where warden would release prisoners to go work in a factory. |
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Term
| What was the Piece-Price System like? |
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Definition
| factories gave raw materials to prisoners who made the piece and received a price for it. |
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Term
| what was the lease system like? |
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Definition
contractor assumes complete control of prisoners include maintenance and discipline.
**sleep at work site, prisoner stays until job is done. |
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Term
| What is state account like? |
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Definition
| prisons built their own factories to make prisoners work. Sell products from factories on open market. Started great depression because prisoners took up jobs, so a change was made so state prisons can only make state-goods, or do work no one else would do. |
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Term
| What types of labor were prisoners abused and treated as slaves as? |
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Definition
| contract system, lease system, and piece-price system. |
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Term
| What was informal inmate code like? |
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Definition
| these are unofficial codes between inmates, never rat on a con (snitch), informal code sort of like high school, do your own time, be tuff and a man, don’t suck up to the guards. |
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