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CJ_110 Exam 4
chapters 11-13
33
Criminal Justice
Undergraduate 1
04/16/2013

Additional Criminal Justice Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
separate-and-silent system
Definition
method of control used in pennsylvania's penitentiary

inmates kept from communicating with each other
Term
congregate-and-silent system
Definition
style of control in Auburn System

inmates could eat and work together but were not allowed to talk to each other
Term
marks-of-commendation system
Definition
incarceration system developed by alexander maconochie

inmates earned right to be released and receive privileges
Term
specific deterrence
Definition
method of control in which offender is prevented from committing more crimes by imprisonment or death
Term
general deterrence
Definition
method of control in which punishment of a single offender sets an example for the rest of society
Term
just deserts
Definition
philosophy that an offender who commits a heinous crime deserves death
Term
retribution model
Definition
style of control in which offenders are punished as severely as possible for a crime

rehabilitation is not attempted
Term
total institution
Definition
closed institution in which every aspect, including the movement and behavior of convicts is controlled and structured
Term
pains of imprisonment
Definition
deprivations that define the punitive nature of imprisonment
Term
argot roles
Definition
specific patterns of behavior that inmates develop in prison to adjust to the environment
Term
supermax prison
Definition
extremely secure prison with limited contact between inmates and outside world
Term
hands-off doctrine
Definition
judicial attitude toward prisons before 1960s in which courts did not become involved in prison affairs or inmate rights
Term
presentence investigation
Definition
report prepared by probation officer to assist a judge in sentencing
Term
intensive-supervision probation
Definition
form of supervision that requires frequent meetings between the client and probation officer
Term
private probation
Definition
form of probation supervision that is contracted to for-profit private agencies by the state
Term
good time
Definition
the time deducted from an inmate's prison sentence for good behavior
Term
meritous time
Definition
time deducted from an inmate's sentence for doing something special or extra, such as getting a GED
Term
master status
Definition
personal status that overwhelms all others

ex: being called a rapist. nobody will see you differently
Term
boot camp prison
Definition
short-term prison that uses military boot camp training and discipline techniques to rehabilitate offenders

often used for youth offenders
Term
shock probation
Definition
sentencing offenders to prison,allowing them to serve a short time, and then granting them probation without their prior knowledge
Term
Trinity of the penitentiary
Definition
1. separation from society

2. obedience

3. labor: work was a cure for social problems
Term
list: four philosophical justifications for punishment
Definition
1. retribution

2. incapacitation

3. deterrence

4. rehab
Term
4 goals of punishment: retribution
Definition
government sponsored revenge

no utilitarian purpose
Term
4 goals of punishment: incapacitation
Definition
stop somebody physically from committing crime

ex: prison

problems: assume we know who will commit more crimes. false positives. overly incapacitated; longer than needed
Term
selective incapacitation
vs
general incapacitation
Definition
selective: specifically choose person to incapacitate.

general: incapacitate certain types of offenders
ex: sex offenders
Term
4 goals of punishment: deterrence
Definition
linked to classical school of criminology

likelihood of getting caught?
likelihood of getting a punished?
what punishment?
Term
furman v georgia
Definition
stated that the death penalty is unconstitutional because the decision to execute was so arbitrary
Term
gregg v georgia
Definition
tried to address furman v georgia

ruled that there must be mitigating and aggravating circumstances in order to execute
Term
what was the case that addressed furman v georgia?
Definition
gregg v georgia
Term
Atkins v virginia
Definition
states that it is a violation of the 8th amendment to execute a mentally handicap person
Term
Ring v arizona
Definition
stated that juries,not judges should make the decision if mitigating or aggravating circumstances exist
Term
roper v simmons
Definition
states that if an offender commitsa crime while being under the age of 18 then they cannot be executed
Term
list: 5 cases about death penalty
Definition
1. furman v georgia

2. gregg v georgia

3. atkins v virginia

4. ring v. arizona

5. roper v simmons
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