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Civil War and Reconstruction
Mr. Sams, Chapter 4 Test
46
History
11th Grade
10/23/2012

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Term
Abolitionist
Definition
A person who wants to work towards ending slavery.
Term
Harriet Tubman
Definition
Most famous conductor for the Unerground Railroad, born a slave, helped 300 slaves to freedom.
Term
Dred Scott
Definition
Slave that was taken from Missouri (slave state) to Illinois/Wisconson (free state) and then appealed to the Supreme Court for freedom, but was ruled against.
Term
Popular Sovereignty
Definition
The right to vote for or against slavery, residents vote to decide an issue.
Term
Secesssion
Definition
The formal withdrawal of a state from the Union.
Term
Henry Clay
Definition
Proposed the Compromise of 1850 (California is a free state and the South got a fugitive slave law), but it was rejected.
Term
John C. Calhoun
Definition
For the expansion of slavery.
Term
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Definition
Author of "Uncle Tom's Cabin," which increased protests against the Fugitive Slavery Act.
Term
John Brown
Definition
An abolitionist who secretly obtained financial backing from Northern abolitionists and led 21 men to Harpers Ferry, VA, he was then tried and hung.
Term
Preston Brooks
Definition
Butler's nephew and a Congressman, he hit Sumner repeatedly on the head with a cane until it broke, Sumner suffered brain damage.
Term
Fredrick Douglass
Definition
Escaped from bondage to become an eloquent and outspoken critic of slavery.
Term
Harpers Ferry
Definition
The place where John Brown led a band of 21 men (blck and white) to.
Term
Jefferson Davis
Definition
A former senator of Mississippi who became unanimously elected as president of the Confederacy.
Term
John Bell
Definition
From Tennessee, was nominated as the canidate for the Constitutional Union Party.
Term
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Definition
It repealed the Missouri Compromise, Kansas is now part of the North and Nebraska is now part of the South.
Term
Justice Roger Taney
Definition
Convinced and wrote the Dred Scott decision, banning slavery was prohibited.
Term
Bull Run
Definition
The place of the first bloodshed on the battlefield.
Term
Robert Anderson
Definition
Wrote a report to the Secratary of War, he described his most recent command.
Term
Stonewall Jackson
Definition
Nickname, Thomas J. Jackson for the Confederates, "There stands Jackson like a stone wall."
Term
Why was the rifle an important invention in the Civil War? Who had the benefit of having more of them? How did they achieve this?
Definition
It gave more power to those who had it.
The North.
Lincoln brought it to them.
Term
Wade-Davis Bill
Definition
It tried to make Southern states claim they never left the Union.
Term
Fort Sumter
Definition
On an island in Charleston harbor, one of the four Southern forts that were in the Union's control.
Term
Emancipation Proclamation
Definition
An executive order issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing the slaves in all regions behind Confederate lines.
Term
Vicksburg
Definition
Ulyssess G. Grant fought over this, it's one of two Confederate strongholds on Mississippi, the Union took control of this and split the Confederate in two.
Term
Appomattox
Definition
Town in VA, Lee surrendered to Grant at the Court House on April 9, 1865
Term
Andrew Johnson
Definition
Lincoln's successor, he made wealthy plantation owners not take the oath to vote, racist-only whites could rule.
Term
Radical Republicans
Definition
The minority of Republicans in Congress wwho were angered by Lincoln's Reconstruction plan.
Term
List some Northern Advantages in the Civil War.
Definition
Population of over 22 million and they had war tactics.
Term
Antietam
Definition
Fought on September 17, McClellan ordered his men to pursue Lee, bloodiest single day in American history, more than 26,000 died.
Term
Robert E. Lee
Definition
Command of the army (Confederates) was passed down to him after Johnson was wounded.
Term
10% Plan
Definition
When 10% of any state pleged loyalty to the Union, it could become a state again.
Term
Edward Stanton
Definition
Was removed from Secretary of War by Andrew Johnson, which violated the Tenure of Office Act.
Term
Freedman's Bureau
Definition
A social program used to help former slaves recieve food, clothing, medical care, legal protection, and education.
Term
Conscription
Definition
The drafting of citizens for military service.
Term
Telegraph
Definition
A tool used for instant communication.
Term
Clara Barton
Definition
Founded the American Red Cross after the war.
Term
Gettysburg
Definition
Most decisive battle was fought here, Lincoln gave a speech here.
Term
John Wilkes Booth
Definition
A 26 year old actor and Southern sympathizer that shot Lincoln.
Term
William Tecumseh Sherman
Definition
Appointed by Grant as commander of the military division of the Mississippi.
Term
Scalawags
Definition
White Southerners who joined the Republican Party.
Term
Carpetbaggers
Definition
Northerners who moved to the South after the war.
Term
Hiram Revels
Definition
The first African American senator.
Term
Important events in the Civil War.
Definition
Bull Run, Emancipation Proclamation, Gettysburg, etc.
Term
Why did women support the abolitionist cause?
Definition
They are both minorities with very little rights.
Term
What were the three points to the Anaconda plan?
Definition
Blockade the Southern ports-keeps them form shipping things out.
Take over the Mississippi River-splits the South into two.
Take over Richmond, VA-this was the South's capital.
Term
Explain the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments.
Definition
13th-free slave officially.
14th-could not deny people citizenship or rights.
15th-nobody could be denied the right to vote no matter race.
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