Term
| The First Battle of Bull Run |
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Definition
July 21, 1861
Manassas, Virginia. The Battle was called the First Battle of Bull Run by the north because of a stream where it was fought. However, the south called the battle First Manassas.
Who was involved:Brigadier General Irvin McDowell,
Brigadier General Joseph E. Johnston and General P.G.T. Beauregard
The Union and Confederate forces met at Manassas, Virginia. Both sides planned to attack the other’s left flank with the majority of their armies. However, the confederates realized quickly the Union army’s plan and moved forces to meet the attack upon their left flank. At the same time, they were able to build up enough troops on the Union right side to overrun that flank leading to a disorderly retreat to the North. The Confederate army did not pursue the fleeing troops. |
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Term
| Second Battle of Bull Run |
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Definition
August 28-30, 1862
Manassas, Second Bull Run, Manassas Plains, Groveton, Gainesville, Brawner's Farm. Manassas, Virginia. People involved: Major General John Pope, General Robert E. Lee, Major General Thomas J. Jackson, and Lieutenant General James Longstreet. Victory for the Confederate forces. 22,180 casualties. Of those, 13,830 were Union soldiers. The Second Battle of Bull Run was a very important victory for the South. In fact, it was the most decisive battle in the Northern Virginia campaign for the Confederates.
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| Warned Lincoln that the union army was not ready to fight. July 16, 1861, General McDowell began to march his 35,000-man army into Virginia. Their slow pace allowed the Confederate commander, P. G. T. Beauregard, to bring in 11,000 more troops by train. By the time the Union army arrived, the two forces were about equal in size. |
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| As McClellan trained the new Army of the Potomac in Washington, D.C., other Union soldiers began to carry out General Scott’s plan to take control of the Mississippi River. McClellan ignored the president’s advice. After spending another month waiting outside Yorktown, he finally attacked. The Confederates offered no resistance. Instead, they retreated toward Richmond. McClellan’s delay, however, had given the Confederate commander, General Joseph Johnston, time to gather more troops. |
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| Led The virginia soldiers |
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| By late March 1862 more than 40,000 Confederate troops from across the region had gathered at Corinth to block the Union advance. Grant, however, stopped at Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee, a small river town some 20 miles away. He was waiting for 25,000 more troops that Buell had sent from Nashville. The Confederates decided to attack before Grant’s army got larger. |
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| Blocked General Burnside's troops, with 75,000 of Lee's troops. |
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| was a Replacment for McClellan. On December 13, 1862, at the Battle of Fredericksburg, Burnside ordered his troops to charge Lee’s army 14 times. Only the approach of darkness and the pleas of Burnside’s commanders halted the horrible slaughter. The Union army lost nearly 13,000 men, more than twice the number of Confederate losses. |
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| This two-day battle produced some of the bloodiest fighting yet seen in the war. About one of every four soldiers was killed or wounded. The Union army suffered some 13,000 losses, while Confederate casualties totaled more than 10,000.The Battle of Shiloh opened the way for Union forces to split the Confederacy and gain complete control of the Mississippi River. Union generals began massing more than 100,000 troops at Pittsburg Landing, preparing to move south along the river. |
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| Named after a creek that crossed the battlefield, Antietam was the bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War—and of U.S. history. |
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| On December 13, 1862, at the Battle of Fredericksburg, Burnside ordered his troops to charge Lee’s army 14 times. Only the approach of darkness and the pleas of Burnside’s commanders halted the horrible slaughter. The Union army lost nearly 13,000 men, more than twice the number of Confederate losses. |
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