Recorded facts and numbers

Knowledge derived from data

Data presented in a meaningful context

Data processed by summing, ordering, averaging, grouping, comparing or other similar operations

A set of components that interact to achieve some purpose or goal

-Inbound logistics: receiving, storing and distributing product inputs

-Manufacturing operations: transforming inputs into the final product

-Outbound logistics: collecting, storing, and distributing the product to buyers

-Sales and marketing: convincing customers to buy the product and selling it to them

-Customer service: assisting the customers in their use of the product 

Procurement: managing supplier relationships and buying the product inputs

-Technology management: product research and development and new procedures, methods and techniques

-Human resources management: managing employee resources

-Firm infrastructure management: general management of the firm, finance, accounting, legal services, and government affairs 

A set of activities that transforms inputs into outputs

Inputs->activities->outputs

Inboundlogistics
Raw Materials Inventory
manufacturing operations
Assembly activities
Outbound logistics
Finished goods inventory

Business process modeling- the study and documentation of business processes.

Business process modeling notation (BPMN)- a commonly used system for drawing business process models.

Several data that are shown up more than once, that is not needed.

-same information may be entered several times.

Stores information in tables. Each informational topic is stored in its own table.

A relational database will  break-up a list into several parts- one part for each theme in the list.

An international standard for creating, processing and querying databases and their tables.

will use a database application to track things, use forms to enter, read, delete and query data, and produce reports.

is a self-describing collection or related records, •contains the definition of its structure, Metadata is data describing the structure of the database data, Tables within a relation database are related to each other

Serves as an intermediary between database applications and the database.

Data: raw facts

Information: Collection of facts organized in such a way taht they have value beyond the facts themselves

Process: Set of logically related tasks

Knowledge: awareness and understanding of a set of information

A set of interrelated elements that:

collect (input), manipulate (process), store, disseminate (output) data and information, provide a corrective reaction (feedback mechanism) to meet an objective.

Input-activity of gathering and capturing raw data

Processing- converting data into useful outputs

Output- production of useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports

Feedback- Information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities.

single set of hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures: that are configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information.

Technology infrastructure: include all hardware, software, databases, telecommunications, people, and procedures. Configured to collect, manipulate, store, and process data into information.

Hardbase: consists of computer equipment used to input, processing, and output activities.

Software: consists of the computer programs that govern the operation of the computer.

Database: organized collection of facts and information, typically consisting of two or more related data files.

Telecommunications, networks, and the Internet:The electronic transmission of signals for communications, Networks:Connect computers and equipment to enable electronic communication, Internet:World’s largest computer network, consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information

Intranet:Internal network that allows people within an organization to exchange information and work on projects, Extranet:Network that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s intranet

Intranet:

Internal network that allows people within an organization to exchange information and work on projects

Extranet:

Network that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s intranet

Most common types of information systems:

Those designed for electronic and mobile commerce, transaction processing, management information, and decision support

Some organizations employ:

Special-purpose systems, such as virtual reality, that not every organization uses

Any business transaction executed electronically between:

Companies (business-to-business, B2B)

Companies and consumers (business-to-consumer, B2C)

Consumers and other consumers (consumer-to-consumer, C2C)

Business and the public sector

Consumers and the public sector

Transaction:

Any business-related exchange, such as payments to employees and sales to customers 

Transaction processing system (TPS):

Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to record completed business transactions

Set of integrated programs that manages the vital business operations for an entire multisite, global organization

Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that provides routine information to managers and decision makers

Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices that support problem-specific decision making

Can include:

A collection of models used to support a decision maker or user (model base)

A collection of facts and information to assist in decision making (database)

Systems and procedures (user interface or dialogue manager) that help decision makers and other users interact with the DSS

Knowledge management systems (KMSs):

Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices to:

Create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience

Artificial intelligence (AI):

Computer system takes on characteristics of human intelligence

Expert systems:Give computer ability to make suggestions and function like an expert in a particular field

Virtual reality and multimedia:

Virtual reality: Simulation of a real or imagined environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions Multimedia: Can include photos and images, the manipulation of sound, and special 3D effects

Systems development:

The activity of creating or modifying existing business systems

Outsourcing:

Allows a company to focus on what it does best and delegate other functions to companies with expertise in systems development

Goal of systems investigation:To gain clear understanding of the problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed

Systems analysis:Defines the problems and opportunities of the existing system

Systems design:Determines how new system will work to meet  business needs defined during systems analysis

Systems implementation:Acquiring various system components defined in design step, assembling them, and putting the new system into operation

Systems maintenance and review:Checks and modifies the system so that it continues to meet changing business needs

E-commerce and m-commerce, TPS and ERP, MIS and DSS, and specialized business information systems

the activity of creating or modifying existing business systems

Organization: formal collection of people and various other resources established to accomplish a set of goals

a two-dimensional table that has specific characteristics, consist of rows and columns

something of importance to a user that needs to be represented in a database. An entity represents one theme or topic.

entities are restricted to things that can be represented by a single table

stores information in relations (special tables).  Each informational topic is stored in its own relation (special table). Those relations are joined together using the value of the data in a common field.

A process of analyzing a relation to ensure that it is well formed, if a relation is normalized (well formed), rows can be inserted, deleted or modified without creating update anomalies