Term
A(n) ____________ is a device inside the computer that can be flipped to an on or off state.
A. conductor
B. electrical switch
C. instruction set
D. component |
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Definition
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Term
Before the invention of the transistor, electrical switches were:
A. integrated circuits.
B. binary switches.
C. made of silicon.
D. vacuum tubes. |
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Definition
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Term
____________ are very small regions of semiconductor material that support a huge number of transistors.
A. Integrated circuits
B. Binary switches
C. Vacuum tubes
D. Electrical switches |
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Definition
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Term
Chip is a common nickname for a(n):
A. transistor.
B. integrated circuit.
C. resistor.
D. semiconductor. |
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Definition
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Term
The ____________ number system is also known as decimal notation.
A. arithmetic
B. binary
C. base 10
D. base 2 |
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Definition
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Term
The ____________ number system is also known as the binary number system.
A. decimal
B. computer
C. base 10
D. base 2 |
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Definition
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Term
Today’s chips are composed of tens of millions of:
A. vacuum tubes.
B. transistors.
C. digital dividers.
D. hertz. |
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Definition
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Term
____________ are electrical switches that are built out of a special type of material called a semiconductor.
A. Vacuum tubes
B. Circuits
C. Transistors
D. Capacitors |
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Definition
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Term
____________ uses 8 bits to represent each letter or character.
A. Binary
B. ASCII
C. EBCDIC
D. Unicode |
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Definition
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Term
Eight binary digits combine to form one:
A. notation.
B. base 10 number.
C. byte.
D. command. |
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Definition
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Term
The decimal number 133 translates into the binary number:
A. 11001111.
B. 11100011.
C. 10101010.
D. 10000101. |
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Definition
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Term
Using 8 bits, the ____________ code can represent the 26 uppercase letters and the 26 lowercase letters in
the English language and punctuation symbols as well as special characters.
A. EBCDIC
B. ASCII
C. Unicode
D. hexadecimal |
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Definition
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Term
The base 16 numbering system is also known as:
A. binary notation.
B. decimal notation.
C. hexadecimal notation.
D. integer notation. |
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Definition
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Term
The CPU’s processing power is determined by the number of ____________ on each CPU.
A. instructions
B. transistors
C. chips
D. semiconductors |
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Definition
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Term
The ____________ connects all of the system’s electric components: the CPU, memory, expansion slots,
and electrical paths that connect these components.
A. motherboard
B. transistor board
C. adapter board
D. microprocessor board |
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Definition
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Term
The CPU advancement that allows quicker processing of information by enabling a new set of instructions
to start before the previous set had finished is known as:
A. clock speed.
B. execution speed.
C. cache memory.
D. hyperthreading. |
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Definition
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Term
The most recent improvement in PC processors is ____________, a technology whereby there are two
processors on the same chip, enabling the execution of two sets of instructions at the same time.
A. hyperthreading technology
B. dual-core technology
C. multitasking technology
D. PowerPC technology |
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Definition
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Term
The ____________ is measured in hertz (Hz), a unit of measure that describes how many times something
happens per second.
A. clock speed
B. machine cycle
C. register speed
D. processing cycle |
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Definition
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Term
The “ticks” of the system clock are known as the:
A. microprocessor speed.
B. machine cycle.
C. clock cycle.
D. system speed. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Today’s system clocks are measured in gigahertz (GHz), which would translate into ____________ of
clock ticks per second.
A. millions
B. thousands
C. billions
D. tens of millions |
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Definition
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Term
The ____________ of the CPU manages the on/off switches inside the CPU.
A. microprocessor
B. ALU
C. transistors
D. control unit |
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Definition
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Term
A specific set of commands understandable by the CPU is called the:
A. clock cycle.
B. instruction set.
C. program instructions.
D. instruction code. |
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Definition
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Term
The proper sequence of actions in a machine cycle is:
A. decode fetch execute store.
B. fetch decode execute store.
C. fetch execute decode store.
D. execute decode store fetch. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Level 1 cache is a block of memory that is built onto the:
A. motherboard.
B. RAM chips.
C. CPU chip.
D. expansion boards. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Just as ACSII is the binary code for letters and characters, ____________ is the binary code for computer
instructions.
A. hexadecimal
B. EBCDIC
C. machine language
D. program language |
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Definition
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|
Term
Computer instructions are written by humans in:
A. hexadecimal.
B. assembly language.
C. machine language.
D. EBCDIC. |
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Definition
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|
Term
The ____________ is the part of the CPU designed to perform mathematical calculations and compare
values.
A. instruction set
B. cache
C. ALU
D. control unit |
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Definition
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|
Term
The most frequently used instructions of a computer program are likely to be fetched from:
A. the hard disk.
B. cache memory.
C. RAM.
D. registers. |
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Definition
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|
Term
____________ is the set of memory chips located on the motherboard that store data and instructions that
cannot be changed or erased.
A. ROM
B. Level 1 cache
C. Dynamic RAM
D. Level 2 cache |
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Definition
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Term
The time it takes a device to locate data and instructions and make them available to the CPU is known as:
A. clock speed.
B. a processing cycle.
C. CPU speed.
D. access time. |
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Definition
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|
Term
The level of memory with the fastest access time is/are the:
A. Level 1 cache.
B. CPU registers.
C. physical RAM.
D. ROM. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Retrieving data from RAM is measured in:
A. milliseconds.
B. seconds.
C. nanoseconds.
D. clock cycles. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Getting data and instructions from the hard drive to the CPU is measured in:
A. milliseconds.
B. seconds.
C. nanoseconds.
D. clock cycles. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
The ____________ is responsible for decoding instructions.
A. ALU
B. Level 1 cache
C. Level 2 cache
D. control unit |
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Definition
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Term
The ____________ determines how many bits of data can be sent along a given bus at any one time.
A. control unit
B. bus speed
C. bus width
D. amount of memory |
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Definition
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Term
The ____________ are on the motherboard and run between the CPU and the main system memory.
A. expansion buses
B. local buses
C. RAM buses
D. ROM buses |
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Definition
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|
Term
Bus clock speed is measured in:
A. megahertz (MHz)
B. gigahertz (GHz)
C. milliseconds (ms)
D. nanoseconds (ns) |
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Definition
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|
Term
The amount of data a CPU can process is based in part on the amount each ____________ can hold.
A. register
B. transistor
C. bus
D. instruction set |
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Definition
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Term
The data transfer rate of a bus is calculated by multiplying the bus clock speed by the:
A. processor speed.
B. bus width.
C. processor’s word size.
D. processing time. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Video cards and sound cards use the ____________ to communicate with the motherboard.
A. expansion bus
B. Level 1 cache
C. local bus
D. Level 2 cache |
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Definition
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|
Term
All of the following are types of expansion buses EXCEPT:
A. AGP.
B. ISA.
C. PCI.
D. ALU. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Peripherals communicate with the CPU through the:
A. local buses.
B. control unit.
C. CPU registers.
D. expansion buses. |
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Definition
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|
Term
A system’s local bus runs between the:
A. motherboard and system ports.
B. CPU and main RAM.
C. hard disk and the main RAM.
D. control unit and the CPU’s registers. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
The type of expansion bus used in modern computer systems for providing connections to typical
expansion cards such as network and sound adapters is a(n):
A. PCI bus.
B. ISA bus.
C. EISA bus.
D. AGP bus. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which modern bus architecture is used especially for 3-D graphics?
A. PCI
B. ISA
C. AGP
D. EISA |
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Definition
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|
Term
Pipelining refers to:
A. splitting an instruction into pieces, with each sent to a separate processor.
B. processing multiple instructions simultaneously, each at a different stage of the machine cycle.
C. applying a common instruction to multiple data items at the same time.
D. installing several CPUs into the computer, in order to enable processing instructions in parallel. |
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Definition
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|
Term
____________ refers to the principle of transferring computational work from overloaded computers, in a
computing cluster, to those with more available computing resources.
A. Clustering
B. Dual-core processing
C. Dual processing
D. Load balancing |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which of the following statements clearly explains the difference between a dual-processor design and
dual-core processors?
A. Dual-processor design is two CPU chips installed on the same system and dual-core processors
have two separate parallel processing paths.
B. Dual-core processors means there are two CPU chips installed on the same system and dual-
processors have two separate parallel processing paths.
C. Dual-processor design is computer clustering and dual-core processors have two separate
processing paths.
D. There is no difference. The terms are interchangeable. |
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Definition
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|
Term
A large network of computers each working on a portion of the same problem simultaneously is known as:
A. hyperthreading.
B. dual-processing.
C. clustering.
D. parallel processing. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| ____________, which is found in common sand, is the semiconductor material used to make transistors. |
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Definition
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|
Term
Integrated circuits, also known as____________, are very small regions of semiconductor material that
support a huge number of transistors. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Integrated circuits have enabled computer designers to create small yet powerful ____________, which are
the chips that contain a CPU. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A(n) ____________ is an organized plan for representing a number such as binary and hexidecimal. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| ____________, a base 16 numbering system, can be used on Web pages to represent color. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Bit is shorthand for ____________. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Most of today’s personal computers use the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard code,
called ____________, to represent each letter or character as an 8-bit (1-byte) binary code. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The base 10 number system is also known as ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Computers describe a number as powers of 2, which is known as the ____________ number system. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ____________, or microprocessor, is the “brains” of the computer. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The combination of the processor and the operating system is referred to as the computer’s ____________. |
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Definition
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|
Term
In the store phase of the CPU machine cycle, the results of mathematical and logical calculations are stored
in ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The series of steps that the CPU follows to perform its tasks is known as the ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
____________, which consists of small blocks of memory located directly on and next to the CPU chip, is
a layer of storage that has faster access than RAM. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Two processors on the same chip, enabling the execution of two sets of instructions at the same time, is
known as ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The ____________ are special memory storage areas built into the CPU that are the most expensive and
fastest memory in the computer. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____________ buses are located on the motherboard and run between the CPU and main system memory. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| The ____________ determines how many bits of data can be sent along the bus at one time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ____________ bus was designed to handle three-dimensional graphics data better. |
|
Definition
AGP
accelerated graphics port |
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|
Term
____________ is a
set has finished. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A program’s mathematical and logical calculations are performed by the CPU’s ____________. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The results calculated by the ____________ are placed into registers during the store stage of the machine
cycle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Random access memory is located on the ____________ of the system unit. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bus clock speed is measured in ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Peripheral devices are connected to the motherboard and CPU through ____________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Supercomputers measure processing speed in terms of trillions of operations per second. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A dual-processor design has two separate CPUs installed in the same system. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| More cache memory improves the performance of the CPU. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most expensive and fastest memory in the computer is ROM. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a program begins to run, the program’s binary code must be “fetched” from RAM. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pace of the system clock, measured in Hz, is known as clock “ticks.” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The access time of RAM is measured in nanoseconds (ns). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Random Access Memory (RAM) is nonvolatile storage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rate at which data moves on a bus is the bus clock speed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Local buses expand the capability of the computer by allowing the addition of expansion cards. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Moore’s Law predicted that the number of transistors on a processor would double every 18 months. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dual processor systems are often used for computer simulations. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bus width is measured in terms of hertz (Hz). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The time it takes a device to locate data and instructions and make them available to the CPU for
processing is known as clock speed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The control unit manages the switches inside the CPU. |
|
Definition
|
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