Term
| What is the flow of blood through? |
|
Definition
a closed circuit of hollow tubes (vessels)
2 Circuits |
|
|
Term
| What are the two circuits called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the functions of the blood? |
|
Definition
carries respiratory gases, nutritents, and hormones.
helps regulate temperature |
|
|
Term
| What is the blood volumes? |
|
Definition
males: 5-6L
Females: 4-5L |
|
|
Term
| What components make up blood? |
|
Definition
| cellular and liquid components |
|
|
Term
| Blood is a specialized -- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the formed elements in blood, and what is the fluid portion? What is serum? |
|
Definition
blood cells are the formed elements
plasma is the fluid portion
Serum=plasma minus clotting proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
percent red blood cells
Males: 47%
Females 42%
Both +or- 5% |
|
|
Term
| What is blood plasma? How much of whole blood is it? |
|
Definition
Straw-colored sticky fluid portion of blood
55% of whole blood |
|
|
Term
| how much of blood plasma is water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does blood plasma contain? |
|
Definition
| ions nutrients wastes and proteins |
|
|
Term
| What are the 3 main proteins in blood plasma? |
|
Definition
albumin
globulins
fibrnogen |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most abundant
maintains osmotic pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
many varieties
1. alpha and beta globulins: transport metal ions (iron copper) some transport lipids, incluiding lipid hormones
2. Gamma globulins: immunoglobulins (antibodies) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| converted to fibrin- major component of blood clot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Erythrocytes
leukocytes
platelets |
|
|
Term
| How does the staining of blood cells turn out? |
|
Definition
Acidic dye-eosin, stains pink
Basic dye- hematoylin or methylene blue- stains blue and purple |
|
|
Term
| What does seperating blood components create? |
|
Definition
three layers:
1. RBCs
2. Buffy coat
3. Plasma |
|
|
Term
What are Erythrocytes?
transport?
diameter?
Shape?
Life span?
Originate? |
|
Definition
| red blood cells (RBC) Oxygen transporting cells (7.5 micromettees diameter) Biconcave shape 30% more surface area Live 100-120 days Originate in bone marrow |
|
|
Term
| What is the oxygen carrying protein? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the most numerous of the formed elements? |
|
Definition
RBC, erthrocytes
Femals have 4.3-5.3 million cells/cubic millimete of blood
Males have 5.2-5.8 million |
|
|
Term
| What does a mature Erythrocyte/RBC have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Leukocytes/WBCs size and function |
|
Definition
4800-11000/cubic millimeter
Protect body from infectious microorganisms, function outside the bloodstream in loose connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| circulating leukocytes leave the capillaries by squeezing between endothelial cells |
|
|
Term
| What are the types of leukocytes? |
|
Definition
granulocytes: contain enzyme filled vessicles (look like small granules) in cytoplasm
Agranulocytes: lack vesicles |
|
|
Term
| When leukocytes is leaving the bloodstream per diapedsis, what is the loss of formed elements through ruptured vessel called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the types of granulocytes? |
|
Definition
1. neutrophils
2. Eosinophiles
3. Basophils |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
most numerous WBC
-phagocytize bacteria
-granules contain enzymes to destroy bacteria
-Nucleus is multi-lobed (2-6 lobes)
--aka polymorphonucleated granulocytes PMNs
--Immature cells dont have multi-lobed nuclei=band cells
-Granules pick up acidic and basic stains, appear neutral colored -nuceli stain purple/blue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
compose 1-4% of all WBC
-granules stained by eosin )pink)
Plays a role in:
1. allergic reactions
2. parasitic infections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
.5% of all leukocytes (least common)
-nucleus usually 2 lobes
-Granules stained by basic dyes (purp)
-Granules secrete histamine
-function in inflammation mediation- similar to mast cells in function |
|
|
Term
| What are the types of Agranulocytes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
compose of 20-45% WBC
Most important cell in immune sys
Nucleus is dark purple, cytoplasm looks smooth
-efective in fighting infectious organisms |
|
|
Term
| What are the classes of lymphocytes? |
|
Definition
Tcells-attack foreign cells directly
B cells-multiply to become plasma cells and secrete antibodies
-Act against a specific foreign molecules (antigen) |
|
|
Term
| In lymphocytes, what is the nucleus volume/cytoplasm ratio? How does the cytoplasm stain? |
|
Definition
High ratio of nuc volume to cyto volume
Stains blue or purple slightly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
4-8% WBCs
Largest leukocytes
Nucleus is kidney shaped
Transform into macrophages, leave blood stream and enter loose (areolar) connective tissue
-phargocytic cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cells fragements- break off from megakaryocytes in bone marrow
-have vesicles containing molecules that help initiate the clotting of blood
-form platelet plug to prevent loss of blood from injured blood vessel |
|
|
