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Circulatory System
N/A
22
Anatomy
12th Grade
10/03/2014

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Erythrocyte
Definition
Make up 99% of formed material in the blood; carries oxygen; limited metabolism
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
responsible for carrying oxygen
Term
Five types / Fuctions of leukocytes?
Definition
(granulocyte) Neutrophil: fight infections by phagocytosis
Basophil: increase inflammation and prevents blood clots
Eosinophil: decrease inflammation
(agranulocyte) Lymphocyte: produce antibodies
Monocyte: destroy invading organisms and foreign material by phagocytosis
Term
Embolus
Definition
blood clot that moves through blood stream
Term
Thrombus
Definition
blood plug
Term
3 stages of hemostasis
Definition
Vasoconstrictive: blood vessel constricting
Platelet plug: stop blood from leaking
Coagulation
Term
Stages of Coagulation
Definition
Tissue or blood vessel damage produces
- prothrombinase
Prothrombinase converts prothrombine into
-thrombine
Thrombine converts fibrinogen into
- fibrin
Term
Universal blood donor? Why is this so special?
Definition
Type O Blood. Has neither A nor B antigens, so nothing will fight against it.
Term
Type A Blood
Definition
A antigen; Antibody against B antigen
Term
Type B Blood
Definition
B Antigen; Antibody against A antigen
Term
Type AB blood
Definition
A & B antigen / no antibody
Term
Type O Blood
Definition
No antigens; Antibody against A & B antigens
Term
Universal Recipient? Why so special?
Definition
Type AB+ Blood; Can handle positive and negative Rh antigens.
Term
Rh antigen?
Definition
First found in the Rhesus monkey; most important blood antigen
Term
What do antigens do?
Definition
Triggers the production of antibodies
Term
Two divisions of circulation
Definition
Pulmonary circulation: circulation of blood over the air sacs of the lungs
Systemic circulation: circulation of blood through the other tissues of the body
Term
Cardiac cycle phases
Definition
Systolic phase: ventricles contract
Diastolic phase: ventricles relax
Cardiac cycle: complete round of systole and diastole
Term
"Lub-Dubb" sound of the heart
Definition
"lub" - atrioventricular valves closing
"dubb" - semilunar valves closing
Term
Systolic pressure?
Definition
Pressure in the aorta when ventricles contract
Term
Diastolic pressure
Definition
minimum pressure in the aorta
Term
Labeling terms and functions
Definition

Superior vena cava: 

  1. The superior vena cava is one of the two main veins bringing de-oxygenated blood from the body to the heart. Veins from the head and upper body feed into the superior vena cava, which empties into the right atrium of the heart.

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve: The pulmonary valve (sometimes referred to as the pulmonic valve) is the semilunar valve of the heart that lies between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery and has three cusps. Similar to the aortic valve, the pulmonary valve opens inventricular systole, when the pressure in the right ventricle rises above the pressure in the pulmonary artery. At the end of ventricular systole, when the pressure in the right ventricle falls rapidly, the pressure in the pulmonary artery will close the pulmonary valve.

right atrium:

  1. Deoxygenated blood inters the right atrium through the inferior and superior vena cavas. The right side of the heart then pumps this deoxygenated blood into the pulmonary veins around the lungs.

 right atrioventricular canal:The proper development of the atrioventricular canal into its prospective components (The heart septum and associated valves) to create a clear division between the four compartments of the heart and ensure proper blood movement through the heart, are essential for proper heart function. 

 

right atrioventricular valve: regulates how blood flows thru the canal

chordae tendineae: The chordae tendineae (tendinous chords), or heart strings, are cord-like tendons that connect the papillary muscles to thetricuspid valve and the mitral valve in the heart.


right ventricle: pumps blood into the pulmonary trunk papillary muscles: contract when ventricles contract; keeps the valve from blowing out into the atrium

 

interventricular septum: separates the right and left ventricles

 

aorta:The aorta (/ˈɔrtə/) is the main artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to theabdomen, where it splits into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries). The aorta distributes oxygenated blood to all parts of the body through the systemic circulation.[1]

 

pulmonary trunk:The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. It is one of the only arteries (other than the umbilical arteries in the fetus) that carry deoxygenated blood. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs. The blood here passes through capillaries adjacent to alveoli and becomes oxygenated as part of the process of respiration.


Left atrium:The left atrium is one of four chambers in the human heart. It receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins, and pumps it into the left ventricle, via the mitral valve.


atrioventricular canal:

left atrioventricular valve: lets blood flow from the atrium, down the left AC, and into the left ventricle

 

aortic semilunar valve: separates the aorta and pulmonary trunk left ventricle: empties into the aorta

Term
Flow of blood through the heart
Definition
Goes through the right atrium via the super vena cava, inferior vena cava, and the coronary sinus, into the right ventricle, out the pulmonary trunk to the bodies tissues and is deoxygenated, it goes through the pulmonary arteries to be deoxygenated before entering back in through the pulmonary veins, through the left atrium, into the left ventricle, through and out the aorta.
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