Term
| HYPERTENSION RISK FACTORS |
|
Definition
| FACTORS INCLUDE:
genetics arteriosclerosis (hardening/narrowing) kidney disease (regulation of BP) advancing age (normal breakdown) obesity (larger body mass)
diabetes (blood thickens) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high blood pressure - sustained pressures greater than 140/90 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heart attack
heart muscle dies (infarcts) because of lack of blood supply |
|
|
Term
| MASSAGE FOR ANGINA PECTORIS |
|
Definition
| beneficial if mild, for stress reduction get MD consult first work slowly watch for shortness of breath & cyanosis (blue skin) no massage in prone or left sidelying no abdominal work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| chest pain that may radiate to the left shoulder and down the left arm or to the jaw |
|
|
Term
| SIGNS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE |
|
Definition
| SIGNS INCLUDE: angina pectoris shortness of breath heartburn fatigue |
|
|
Term
| CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD) |
|
Definition
| heart muscle damage due to insufficient blood supply via coronary arteries - typically due to clot formation in coronary arteries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arteries that supply the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| veins that supply the heart |
|
|
Term
| RISK FACTORS FOR ARTERIOSCLEROSIS |
|
Definition
| FACTORS INCLUDE: genetics diabetes high fat diet stress smoking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a blood clot that moves within a blood vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a blood clot formation within a vessel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decreased blood flow to a tissue causing pain and loss of function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity in arteries - deposits of fatty plaques and scar tissues in arterial walls |
|
|
Term
| EFFECTS OF MASSAGE ON CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM |
|
Definition
| INCREASES CIRCULATION BY: reducing tissue ischema & pain supports removal of metabolic waste increases oxygen & nutrient delivery reduces edema by increasing fluid exchange increases venous return to the heart |
|
|
Term
| ORDER OF BLOOD CIRCULATION |
|
Definition
| beginning at rt. atria -> right AV valve -> right ventricle -> pulmonary valve -> pulmonary artery (deoxygenated) -> capillaries of lungs -> pulmonary vein (oxygenated) -> left atria -> left AV valve -> left ventricle -> aortic valve -> aorta -> systemic arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins -> superior vena cava (clean lymph added here) -> right atria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the result of the wave motion of blood being pumped through the body |
|
|
Term
| FACTORS AFFECTING BLOOD PRESSURE |
|
Definition
| FACTORS INCLUDE: blood volume - more force = more pressure increase in heart rate (exercise, sympathetic nervous system) increase in blood viscosity (thickness) vasoconstriction (narrowing) of vessels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lower blood pressure number - relaxed state. 85 and under - normal 85-89 - high normal 90-99 - hypertension, stage 1 100-109 - hypertension, stage 2 110-119 - hypertension, stage 3 (emergency) 120 and over - hypertension, stage 4 (emergency) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| higher blood pressure number - contracted state. 130 and under - normal 130-139 - high normal 140-159 - hypertension, stage 1 160-179 - hypertension, stage 2 180-209 - hypertension, stage 3 (emergency) 210 and over - hypertension, stage 4 (emergency) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Lub" sound squeezing of the heart, highest pressure - is the higher BP number |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Dub" sound diolation, relaxation - relaxed pressure lower BP number |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the main pacemaker in the heart - right side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a slower-than-normal heartrate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a faster-than-normal heartrate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heartrate that has no rhythm, such as skipping beats |
|
|
Term
| FACTORS THAT CONTROL HEARTRATE |
|
Definition
| FACTORS INCLUDE: parasympathetic response sympathetic response body temperature (cold decreases heartrate/heat increases heartrate ) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CHARACTERISTICS INCLUDE: are high pressure vessels delivers oxygenated blood (except for pulmonary artery) are strong and elastic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| largest artery in the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| smallest branch of arteries in the body controls blood flow from arteries into capillaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| smallest and thinnest blood vessels, a single cell in width responsible for nutrient delivery and waste removal connects smallest arteriole with smallest venule |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| smallest branches of veins in the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the pressure or force that blood exerts against the walls of blood vessels/heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CHARACTERISTICS INCLUDE: low pressure vessels returns deoxygenated blood (except for pulmonary vein) contains valves that prevent backflow movement of blood is dependent on skeletal muscle contraction serves as blood reservoir |
|
|
Term
| FUNCTIONS OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM |
|
Definition
| FUNCTIONS INCLUDE: transports blood throughout the body - brings in nutrition, disposes of wastes regulates body temperature - vasodilation/vasoconstriction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nutrient exchange from body (blood) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bag/sac-like layer around the heart |
|
|
Term
| SUPERIOR/INFERIOR VENAE CAVA |
|
Definition
| largest vein in the body - comes in above and below the heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| artery that moves blood away from the heart and towards the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vein that moves blood towards the heart from the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| super chambers in the heart - "waiting rooms" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inferior chambers in the heart - in the "V" of the heart |
|
|
Term
| DIRECTION OF BLOOD FLOW - VEINS |
|
Definition
| vessels that carry blood towards the heart |
|
|
Term
| DIRECTION OF BLOOD FLOW - ARTERIES |
|
Definition
| vessels that carry blood away from the heart |
|
|
Term
| ATRIOVENTRICULAR (AV) VALVES |
|
Definition
| (right & left) valve located between the atrium and ventricle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| valves going towards the lungs - right side of heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| valve going towards the vessels of the body - left side of heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contraindicated if systolic is above 160 or diastolic is above 95 contraindicated anytime blood pressure is not under control with medication/lifestyle modifications follow "cardiac precautions" under angina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disease when heart muscle weakens and cannot pump blood efficiently |
|
|
Term
| SIGNS/SYMPTOMS OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE |
|
Definition
| SIGNS INCLUDE: weakness fatigue shortness of breath nonproductive cough pitting edema in lower extremities weight gain due to water and sodium retention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| distended and twisted superficial veins - due to "broken" valves |
|
|
Term
| MASSAGE FOR VERICOSE VEINS |
|
Definition
| locally contraindicated for extreme cases and areas distal to the problem in mild cases direct work is contraindicated, but is otherwise considered safe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| deep vein thrombosis inflammation of a vein in conjunction with the formation of a thrombus clot - most common in calf & thigh |
|
|
Term
| SIGNS/SYMPTOMS OF THROMBOPHLEBITIS |
|
Definition
| redness, heat, swelling & pain "hard cord" on affected vein edema with discoloration distal to the area aching calf pain |
|
|
Term
| RISKS OF THROMBOPHLEBITIS |
|
Definition
| risks include throwing a clot and causing a pulmonary embolus - clot that lodges in the lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| permanent dilation (bulging) in the wall of a vessel due to weakness or damage to the vessel wall - may rupture, causing bleeding or death massage is contraindicated |
|
|
