Term
| What populations have a higher incidence of chronic renal failure? |
|
Definition
1) African Americans
2) Native Americans |
|
|
Term
| What are the most frequent causes of chronic renal failure? |
|
Definition
1) Type I diabetes (1/3)
2) Type II (2/3) |
|
|
Term
| What is the first sign of renal disease in diabetes mellitus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which symptom best differentiates between CRF and ARF? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what creatinine level does anemia typically occur? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does hyperkalemia usually occur? |
|
Definition
| Late, usually with GFR <10% |
|
|
Term
| Creatinine clearance formula? |
|
Definition
(140-age)x weight (kg) / 72x serum creatinine mg/dl
for women x 0.85 |
|
|
Term
| What are 5 considerations in long term management of chronic diabetes? |
|
Definition
1) Avoid nephrotoxic drugs
2) Role of dietary protein - controversial
3) Control of hyperphosphatemia
4) control of acidosis
5) treatment of concomitant disorders (anemia, uremic bleeding) |
|
|
Term
| What are 5 indications for initiation of dialysis |
|
Definition
1) creatinine >6 mg/dl
2) edema
3) myoclonus
4) lethargy
5) pericarditis |
|
|
Term
| What 5 concomitant conditions do you want to control in long-term dialysis patients? |
|
Definition
1) HTN
2) Hyperphosphatemia
3) Secondary hyperparthyroidism
4) Anemia
5) Infection |
|
|
Term
| What to most patients present with on long-term dialysis? |
|
Definition
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism |
|
|
Term
| What are most infections caused from in chronic renal dialysis? |
|
Definition
| temporary devices to gain vascular access for hemodialysis - indwelling cathetors have the most risk |
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