A form of asexual

reproduction in single celled

living things by

which one cell divides

into two cells of the same size.

one of the two strands

of a chromosome that

become visible during

meiosis or mitosis

CENTROMERE

The area of the

chromosome that

holds the two sister

chromatids together

during mitosis

HOMOLOGOUS  CHROMOSOMES

Chromosomes that have

the same order of genes,

that have the same

structure, and that pair

during meiosis

A cell that contains

two haploid sets of

chromosomes

HAPLOID

A cell, nucleus, or living

thing that has only

one set of unpaired

chromosomes

The cell that results

when gametes join; a

fertilized egg

An arrangement of the

chromosomes found in

an individual’s cells at the

metaphase stage of mitosis;

the chromosomes are

arranged in homologous

pairs in order from largest to the smallest.

Any chromosome that is

not a sex chromosome

In a eukaryotic cell, a

molecule of DNA that

has been twisted around

proteins for packing

into the nucleus; in a

prokaryotic cell, the

main ring of DNA

One of the pair of

chromosomes that

determine the sex

of an individual

The life cycle of a cell; in

eukaryotes, it consists of

a cell-growth period, in

which DNA is made, and

a cell-division period, in

which mitosis takes place

A period between two

divisions of mitosis or

meiosis during which the

cell grows, copies its

DNA, and makes proteins

The process in which a

cell divides to form two

new nuclei, each of

which has the same

number of chromosomes

The division of the

cytoplasm of a cell;

cytokinesis follows

the division of the

cell’s nucleus by

mitosis or meiosis

A tumor in which the

cells begin dividing at

an uncontrolled rate

and become invasive

A network of microtubules

that forms during mitosis

and moves chromatids to

the poles of a cell