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| 30 CE- Pentecost, Birthday of the Church |
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| Date of what Christians believe to be the Crucifixion, Resurrection, and Ascension of Jesus |
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| 50 CE- Jerusalem Council, Acts 15 |
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| changes definition of how you can be saved- "by the grace of God" (baptism) instead of circumcision |
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| 313 CE- Edict of Toleration, Constantine |
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| Christian persecution comes to an end. Emperor Constantine formally establishes freedom and toleration for all religions (Christianity is not yet official religion of Roman Empire) |
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| 325 CE- Council of Nicaea |
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| Called by Emperor Constantine, leads to creed of Nicaea which declares Christ's divinity. Debate homoiousia (Christ is like God but isnt God) vs. Homoousia (Christ is God), decide that Christ is God. This is the first of the 7 Eccumenical councils |
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| Sack of Rome. This is the first time that Rome has been destroyed in 800 years, marks the downfall of the Roman Empire. From here, the Holy Roman Empire gains power |
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| Charlemagne is crowned Holy Roman Emperor. Symbolic of Divine Right- the king is chosen by the Pope, therefore he is chosen by God. Political/religious marriage |
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| separation of Eastern Orthodox Church from the Catholic Church |
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| Religiously-sanctioned military campaigns fought against mostly Muslims in an effort to restore Christian Control of the Holy Land |
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| 1204 CE- Sack of Constantinople (4th Crusade) |
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| Crusaders were originally planning to attack Jerusalem but instead attacked Constantinople (a Eastern Orthox city, capital of the Byzantine Empire). This was seen as one of the final acts of the Great Schism |
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| Martin Luther publishes 95 theses, a long list of complaints against the Catholic Church. Though initially only meant for a source of public debate, this marks the beginning of the Protestant Reformation |
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| 1545-1563 Council of Trent |
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| The 16th century Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic Church that was part of the counter reformation. The council solidifies Catholic doctrine on salvation, the sacraments, and the Biblical canon in response the Protestant Reformation |
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| A special council of the bishops of the Roman Catholic Church resulting in many changes to modernize the Church (ie changing language of worship from latin to the vernacular, emphasizing bible study and literacy, simplifying and revising the sacraments, becoming more ecumenical toward other Christian traditions, etc) |
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| Jesus the Suffering Servant of God (70CE). Simple telling of story of Jesus |
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| Gospel Themes: Matthew (85 CE) |
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| Jesus the Jewish Messiah. Main parts: explains Jesus is the new Moses, completing the Jewish covenant, sermon on the mount. Cites Old testament to prove that Jesus was the promised Messiah |
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| Gospel Themes: Luke (85 CE) |
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| Jesus the Savior of the World. Written for Roman or non-Jewish audience, emphasis on universalism |
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| Gospel Themes: John (95 CE) |
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| Jesus the Man from Heaven. Theological tract built on biographical foundation |
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| noncanonical text, popular genre of second and third centuries, discusses Jesus as a child |
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| found by German scholar in Cairo in 1896. Consists of 2 section: (1) dialogue between Jesus and disciples (2) revelations given solely to Mary Magdalene, kept from disciples. Very fragmented, part of lost gospels |
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| collection of 13 books found in Egypt in 1945. Texts date back to 2nd century AD. Most are gnostic texts. Contains the only complete copy of the Gospel of Thomas |
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| religious symbol or rite. most Christians identify 2 sacraments: Baptism and Holy Communion. Catholic, Orthodox and Episcopalians identify 7: baptism, holy communion, confirmation, confession, ordination, marriage, and healing |
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| One of the 3 major divisions of Christianity, claiming (similar to Eastern Orthodox) to be historically continuous with the early church and to be the truest and most faithful to original Christianity. Centered in Rome, with the Bishop of Rome serving as its head or Pope |
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| Christian reform movement in Europe beginning wiht Martin Luther's 95 theses. Reformation considered to have ended with treaty of Westphalia in 1648 |
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| special covenant with God through faith in Jesus Christ. Understood by Christians to supplant or take place of the Old testament/covenant that the Jewish people were believed to have had with God |
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| Gnostic belief that rejects connection between Christianity and Judaism, thinks there are 2 different Gods, rejects Old Testament, very anti-semitic |
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| "the word;" Jesus is the word of Christianity |
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| God as the providential guide and supernatural power in the life of the Church and in the lives of individual Christians |
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| concept that Jesus the Son and God the Father are similar but not the same substance |
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| The idea that Jesus the Son is the same substance as God the Father |
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