formulated in the 4/5 centuries within the 2 Ecumenical councils, revelation of god through jesus in 3 ways, as father—creator of all things and revealer of the torah, AS SON—incarnate as jesus but also the creative word of god at work in creation and through the prophets, HOLY SPIRIT—providential guide and supernatural power in the life of the church and in the lives of christians 

special relationship with god that christians have, takes the place of the old testament for christians (baptism)

The central story of Christianity, telling how jesus came as god to reconcile his fallen creation to himself and to redeem it in accordance with his purposes, to the effect that responding in faith to the gospel is believed to bring about a process of redemptive transformation of the person so responding. 

The appropriate telling or proclamation of the Gospel (also called the kerygma), in such a way that the hearer who responds in faith is understood to have a transformative encounter with God in Christ.

Second Coming

town in northern Egypt, collection of ancient Gnostic writing found in 1945

most wide spread creedal statement of the basic of core Christian beliefs, worked out in the 4^th century, has 3 parts corresponding to the 3 persons/faces of the trinity

Pertaining to the work of an apostle of Jesus Christ, The 12 men Jesus gathered around him were apostles, the work of bishops and priests done on behalf of Jesus and what is understood to be his ongoing ministry

in origin it refers to the quality of the Christian church as a universal comprehensive and inclusive in all parts, it differentiates those Christian traditions that assign special importance to the ruligs of the  ecumenical councils as sources of doctrine, Sacraments as necessary means of grace and th apostiolic succession of the bishops as authorized agents of Christ. 

supposed to represent the whole church. !st is council of nicea. Before the split of the catholic church.  One basic Christianity religion

one of 2 sacraments recognized by Protestants and one of 7 sacraments recognized by Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox and Episcopalians/Anglicans, Non-sacramental Protestants interpret it to be a ritual meal of bread and wine, reminds participants of the last supper. Sacramental christians believe they are brought directly into relations with God, presentational symbol 

One of the two sacraments recognized by most Protestants and one of the seven sacraments recognized by Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, and Episcopalians/Anglicans. Specifically, the rite of initiation into the New Covenant of Christianity by way of a ritual bath or washing done in the name of the Trinity. Non-sacramental traditions view it as an outward symbol of a person’s inward faith in and self-conscious commitment to Jesus Christ. Sacramental traditions view it as a rite whereby the person is adopted by God into the New Covenant, brought into permanent relation to the grace of God in Jesus Christ and thus freeing the person from the condition of Original Sin--and so they do not hesitate to baptise infants. 

An orientation among Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, Episcopalians/Anglicans, and Lutherans that gives central emphasis to the Way of Sacred Rite (and particularly the Sacrament of the Eucharist) as a way of drawing near to, and coming into right relationship with, God in Jesus Christ. It thus recognizes many more presentational symbols than do non-sacramental traditions.  (Note:  the division between sacramental and non-sacramental Christian traditions is not the same as the division between [Roman] Catholic and Protestant traditions.) 

An outward and visible sign of an inward and spiritual grace, said to be given by Christ himself and understood by sacramental Christian traditions to be a sure and certain means of that grace. Most Christians identify two sacraments: Baptism and Holy Communion. Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox (whose name for Sacraments is "Mysteries"), and Episcopalians/Anglicans identify seven Sacraments: Baptism, Holy Communion, Confirmation, Confession (also called Reconciliation or Penance), Ordination, Marriage, and Healing (or Unction).

Special ritual "means of grace" that are recognized by Roman Catholics, Eastern Orthodox, and Episcopalians/Anglicans: Baptism, Eucharist, Confirmation (also called Chrismation), Confession (also called Reconciliation or Penance), Healing (also called Unction), Marriage, and Ordination. Among Eastern Orthodox, they are called 'Mysteries." 

The theological name often used by sacramental Christians to refer to bread and wine consecrated in the Eucharist as presentational (or sacramental) symbols of the broken body and shed blood of Jesus, the sacrificial gift of his life unto death for the sins of the world. Insofar as he is understood sacramentally to be present, claiming them as his own body and blood, they are thus sacramentally understood to be his body and blood, his real presence. 

Falling short of God’s expectation; doing wrong in God’s eyes; "aborting," as it were, the creation under way that God is intending one to become. To be in sin or a "state of sin" is to be turned away from God and his divine assistance. 

The Christian doctrine that, apart from the grace of God in Jesus, no one is able to get right with God but will inevitably lead a sinful life. This condition is believed to be the result of the fall from grace of the first human beings, Adam and Eve.

Early Christian teachers and theologians whose writings came to exercise a great influence over subsequent Christianity, by way of explaining basic Christian teachings and doctrines, refuting heresies, interpreting scripture, providing pastoral guidance, etc.

Roman Catholic Bishop of Rome, chief bishop and thus head of the Roman Catholic Church, successor to the office of St. Peter, who according to Roman Catholic teaching was the chief among the Apostles. The office of the Pope is similar in authority to the U. S. Supreme Court, which has the final say in interpreting the Constitution and federal laws. In controversies surrounding matters of Roman Catholic faith and morals, the Pope has the final say in resolving them and

The Roman Catholic equivalent or parallel to the idea of the Oral Torah in traditional rabbinic Judaism, believed to be in existence first prior to the New Testament Scriptures and then alongside them, but embodied in particular in the hierarchy of the Church (in the Bishops, but culminating in the Pope at the top as having the last word in resolving issues concerning faith and morals for all Roman Catholics). It is alleged to be the oral tradition, passed down in a person-to-person way from Jesus and the original Apostles and guided by the Holy Spirit, of what God is supposed to have revealed in Jesus Christ. It particularly is taken to include the divinely authorized practical know-how for interpreting Scripture appropriately and actualizing the Life of Jesus Christ (the Mystical Body of Christ) in the lives of Christians. 

The mother of Jesus, and thus the mother of God in human form, having conceived him miraculously by power of the Holy Spirit, according to Christian teaching; highly venerated by Roman Catholics and Eastern Orthodox as the first of Christians, model of Christian faith and piety, chief among the "saints" (see definition), and the closest human being to Jesus (thus one whom one might ask to pray for one’s own special concerns as one might ask an living elder Christian). Theotokos means "bearer of God."

Persons who are advanced in the process of transformation consequent upon placing faith in Jesus Christ as the means of being reconciled with God. In the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Episcopal/Anglican traditions, they officially recognize or "canonize" persons after their death based on careful documentation, especially persons believed to have been specially empowered by the Holy Spirit to do miraculous things. Once recognized as a "saint," it is believed in these traditions that death is no fundamental barrier to communication between the living and these dead in prayer, in which a living person may ask a saint to pray for them or intercede for them just as the person might ask another living elder to pray for them.

A movement, begun in the 4th century CE by Christians, who were dissatisfied with "culture Christianity," to live a radically simplified, ascetic (usually celibate), either hermitic or communal lifestyle following Jesus’ teachings and seeking to draw near to God with one’s whole heart, mind, and strength. It was and largely still is a Christian expression of the Way of Mystical Quest, though it rarely sought, or resulted in, dramatic "mystical experiences." 

lit., "becoming God") A specific Christian teaching, found particularly in Eastern Orthodox Christianity, that holds that a Christian is destined to be transformed in his or her very nature, from mortality to immortality, so that he or she comes to participate directly in the life and being of God. It is strongly connected with the Way of Mystical Quest as encouraged and practiced in the Eastern Orthodox tradition. In the radical sounding words of the early Church Father Athanasius, "God became man, that man might become God."

Icons are two dimensional pictures, made of paint and wood, used throughout Eastern Orthodox worship and for meditation. They are said to be "sacramentals" -- presentational symbols, whereby what is depicted is said to become sacramentally present to the persons who "venerates" (never "worships") the icon, or more strictly, to whomever venerates what is depicted. These instances of "theology in paint" typically depict Jesus, scenes and persons from Scripture, and saints from the history of Christianity. They are said to portray more what faith is said to see than what the eye sees. The seventh of the Ecumenical Councils specifically affirmed the use of icons in worship and rejected the interpretation of their use as an instance of idolatry. (The Greek word ikon in the New Testament is usually translated in English as "image." Human beings are said in Scripture to be "created in the image [ikon] of God." And in Colossians, Jesus is said to be "the image [ikon]of God made visible," which Orthodox Christians take to be the ultimate justification of the use of icons.)  Iconography is the art of icon painting. 

One of the three major divisions of Christianity, claiming to be historically continuous with the early Church and to be the truest and most faithful to original Christianity. It is the major expression of Christianity in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.  Among the three divisions, it is the most sacramental, making use of all of the senses in worship (particularly distinguished by the pervasive use of icons), and the most mystical in its worship and spirituality. It understands "orthodox" to mean "right praise" or "right worship" or even "right glory," more than "right or correct belief."

One of the three major divisions of Christianity, claiming (similar to Eastern Orthodox) to be historically continuous with the early Church and to be the truest and most faithful to original Christianity. It is centered in Rome, with the Bishop of Rome serving as its head or Pope.

The Roman Catholic equivalent or parallel to the idea of the Oral Torah in traditional rabbinic Judaism, believed to be in existence first prior to the New Testament Scriptures and then alongside them, but embodied in particular in the hierarchy of the Church (in the Bishops, but culminating in the Pope at the top as having the last word in resolving issues concerning faith and morals for all Roman Catholics). It is alleged to be the oral tradition, passed down in a person-to-person way from Jesus and the original Apostles and guided by the Holy Spirit, of what God is supposed to have revealed in Jesus Christ. It particularly is taken to include the divinely authorized practical know-how for interpreting Scripture appropriately and actualizing the Life of Jesus Christ (the Mystical Body of Christ) in the lives of Christians. 

The more radical, left wing of the 16th century Protestant Reformation, identified in terms of its rejection of the Constantinian heritage of the marriage of church and state in addition to its rejection of the Roman Catholic Magisterium. They insisted that only persons making a self-conscious choice for themselves to depart from "the kingdoms of this world" and embrace "the kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ" were truly Christians. They held that Christians were called to live a lifestyle distinct from that of the common culture and that a Christian should have nothing to do with the coercive power of the state. Hence the Protestant traditions steming from the Radical Reformation have been pacificists, for the most part, and have practiced an alternative lifestyle from the surrounding culture in which they have been located. 

A secular, humanistic, sometimes anti-religious (certainly anti-traditional) movement centered originally among European intellectuals of the 18th century, which provoked sometimes hostile reaction among persons who continued to identify with traditional beliefs and practices. It has had a large impact upon Western Christianity, especially Protestantism, but in the latter half of the 20th century upon Roman Catholicism as well. It has produced various expressions of "Modern" or "Liberal Protestantism" and similar expressions in Roman Catholicism. So also it has provoked traditional reactions of a defiant or hard-line nature known as "Fundamentalism."  

A movement within mainstream Protestant traditions to modernize their teaching and practice, to reinterpret or drop traditional teachings that seem out of date and incompatible with modern enlightened thinking, to subject the Scriptures to modern critical historical scholarship, and to adapt Christian teaching to be consistent with modern natural science. Often it has involved a shift to the Way of Right Action as the primary way of being religious, with a special emphasis on social action projects on behalf of persons suffering from injustice or oppression. 

A movement of renewal within Protestantism in the last two centuries, growing out of the Pietist movement of the 18th century in Europe and the Great Awakening in the American Colonies. It stresses the proclamation of the Gospel, especially to those persons who have never heard it or heard it truly (and thus evangelizing and missionary work), a personal conversion experience in which one is said to be "born again" into an inward relationship to Jesus as one’s "personal Lord and Savior," and a devotional study of Scripture as a means of communication between God and the individual believer. This movement has come to encompass most (but not all) forms of Protestantism in America, especially expressions other than Liberal Protestantism.  

A movement within Evangelical Protestantism of militant reaction to, and committed opposition to, the eroding effects of modern culture upon traditional (pre-modern) Christianity and especially to the influence of the secular humanism associated with the Enlightenment--above all to (a) the application of critical historical scholarship to the understanding and interpretation of Scripture (and all suggestions that the words of Scripture are merely human and subject to error) and (b) acceptance of modern natural science (and especially the theory of evolution) to be a more reliable account of origins than the first chapters of the book of Genesis in the Old Testament.  It is concerned sociologically to differentiate itself from other expressions of Christianity as not truly Christian to the extent that they do not adhere to the touchstones of doctrine that it identifies as "fundamentals."

A movement within Liberal Protestantism in the early part of the 20th century which focused on the social and economic implications of the Gospel, which was interpreted to mean liberation from injustice, oppression, and inequity.

A Protestant movement, beginning at the turn of the 20th century and growing out of what is called the Holiness Movement among Protestant Evangelicals, which sought the supernatural manifestations of, and empowerment by, the Holy Spirit in the Church and in the life of the individual Christian or the sort referred to in the 2nd chapter of the Acts of the Apostles in the New Testament. It represented a new expression of the Way of Shamanic Mediation within Christianity. In most cases it led to the founding of new Protestant denominations often with the word "Pentecostal" in their names. It is particularly noted for the so called "gift of the Holy Spirit" known as "speaking in tongues." But by no means was it exclusively focused on this gift alone.

A special council of the bishops of the Roman Catholic Church held in the mid 1960s, resulting in many significant changes: e.g., changing the language of worship from Latin to the vernacular, emphasizing Bible study and literacy, simplifying and revising the Sacraments, becoming much more ecumenical toward other Christian traditions, etc.

(354-430 CE): One of the very greatest of Christian philosophers and theologians, as well as a bishop and founder of a monastic order, who lived, taught, and wrote in the latter fourth and early fifth century in North Africa, as Rome was being overrun by the barbarians. He is widely recognized as having shown how the Christian faith and much of pagan Greek philosophy as found in the writings of Plato and Plotinus could be reconciled without compromise to either faith or philosophy.  Augustine is highly esteemed by both Protestants and Roman Catholics, though not nearly as much by Eastern Orthodox Christians.

1225-1274 CE): One of the very greatest of Christian philosophers and theologians, who lived, taught, and wrote in the 13th century in central Europe. He is widely recognized as having shown how the Christian faith and pagan Greek philosophy in its most challenging form, the systematic thought of Aristotle, could be reconciled without compromise to either faith or philosophy.  Roman Catholics consider him the greatest of Christian philosophers and theologians. 

480-543 CE): Founder of Western Christian monasticism and composer of the Rule of St. Benedict, which most all monastic groups in Western Christianity follow. 

(1483-1546): The most important leader and theologian of the Protestant Reformation, founder of the Lutheran tradition of Protestantism, and translator of the Bible into vernacular German

(1509-1564): One of the principal leaders (French Swiss) of the Protestant Reformation, founder of the Reformed Church, particularly noted for the systematic and rational way he explained basic Christian beliefs and for stressing the sovereignty of God’s providence over all things.

Roman Catholic Bishop of Rome, chief bishop and thus head of the Roman Catholic Church, successor to the office of St. Peter, who according to Roman Catholic teaching was the chief among the Apostles. The office of the Pope is similar in authority to the U. S. Supreme Court, which has the final say in interpreting the Constitution and federal laws. In controversies surrounding matters of Roman Catholic faith and morals, the Pope has the final say in resolving them and, in so doing, is believed to be protected from error by the Holy Spirit.  

1962, watned to reverse decisions so that the church would be more open to modernization, changed the catholic church to be more open to the modern church

Christian holiday celebrating the birthday of Jesus and therewith the Incarnation of God; normally observed on December 25.

Christian holiday celebrating the Resurrection of Jesus after his death and burial, in which he is understood to have broken the power of death and sin over the lives of human beings; the most important holiday of the year for most Christians, especially sacramental Christians; always occuring in the Spring

Birthday of the Christian Church in 30 CE, when, according to the New Testament account, the Holy Spirit supernaturally empowered the disciples of Jesus to become "the Body of Christ," to appropriately proclaim the Gospel in all of its power; and to live the kind of life to which Jesus had introduced them

Marcionites

founded by marcinope, excommunicated by the church, teaches that Christianity and judiasm are different, rejects Judaism, two different gods jewish and Christian and their both different, focuses on lukes teachings. Anti-Semitic, heresy 

22 yr old noble married and pregnant, lived in carthage, refused for slave to be sacrificed to gods so they killed her too, considered a martyr 

founder of Mormonism, lived in America, found a book written on golden plates written by ancient American prophets. Controversy over plural marriage.  

new religious movement, 1820, literal representation of Christianity. Believe in old and new testament, don’t believe in the trinity that separates them from the rest of Christianity. Book of Mormonism also used as sacred text.  Earth is one phase in numerous worlds in the multiple phases on life. Yaway god of this world, all humans are babies of yaways wife, can progress but never above the god who created you (yaways wife) 

One of the three major divisions of Christianity, claiming to be historically continuous with the early Church and to be the truest and most faithful to original Christianity. It is the major expression of Christianity in Eastern Europe and the Middle East.  Among the three divisions, it is the most sacramental, making use of all of the senses in worship (particularly distinguished by the pervasive use of icons), and the most mystical in its worship and spirituality. It understands "orthodox" to mean "right praise" or "right worship" or even "right glory," more than "right or correct belief."

based on gospel of matthew, tradition of prayer in eastern orthodox church, kind of like meditation, somewhat like mysticism, very spritual and peaceful

the special covenant with god that christians understand through there belief in god and jesus as his son, representation of him. Stretching of covenant to cover

GOSPEL THEMES

Mark 

Jesus the Suffering Servant of God   70CE

GOSPEL THEMES

Matthew 

GOSPEL THEMES

Luke 

GOSPEL THEMES

Infancy Gospels- 

texts that describes the life of the child Jesus,

     Importance of Nag Hammadi  Found in 1945

Jerusalem Council, Acts 15- changed how you saved from circumsicion to being baptized.

chosen by god to do what they want because god would support and want that. 

Crusades

Council of Trent, Counter Reformation- catholics reaction to martin luther, recognized accusations were true, wanted to change disapline and follow rules of cleargy better. 

Polycarp

(ca. 69 – ca. 155) was a second century bishop of Smyrna^[1]. According to the Martyrdom of Polycarp, he died a martyrwhen he was stabbed after an attempt to burn him at the stake failed^[2]. Polycarp is regarded as a saint in the Roman Catholic,Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and LutheranChurches.

Great Schism- 

The term Great Schism may refer to one of several events in Christianity:

• The East-West Schism (formally in 1054), between Western Roman Catholic andEastern Orthodox Christianity.
• The Western Schism (1378 to 1417) within the Roman Catholic Church, related to thepopes in Avignon versus those in Rome.